India's military expenditure and procurement.

Let me tell you the truth. The transparency of China's military expenditure is very high in the world. The so-called "hidden military expenditure" is definitely more in the United States than in China, while the military expenditure announced by China is much less. For example, China's manned spaceflight project is a military expenditure, while the US space expenditure is always the responsibility of NASA. Another example is the expenditure of the United States on nuclear weapons and nuclear power facilities, which are all under the responsibility of the Department of Energy. Intelligence is a secret expense. The costs of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan are simply listed separately, but research institutions usually help them calculate them.

In some western countries, there are still some "conventions". For example, the resettlement fees for retired soldiers, the medical pension fees for disabled and dead soldiers are all social welfare, and the salaries of civilian soldiers are all government employees or civil servants. Paramilitary forces (similar to the armed police in China and the National Guard in the United States) are counted as police or security forces. These expenses will be counted as civilian expenses. At the same time, many national defense-related projects, such as roads, airports and communication facilities with national defense standards, are not included in the military expenditure.

China's military spending growth this year is mainly used in several aspects. First, it gives soldiers a raise. Second, pay for the resettlement and demobilization of a large number of disarmament veterans. Third, a large number of national defense projects and dual-use projects have been built. Fourth, replace and reduce old equipment in large quantities. Fifth, improve the intensity and level of training. The money for buying advanced planes is not much. For the whole army, it is astronomical to replace the 07 new military uniform and the 95 rifle.

How the situation in India is unknown. However, there are several issues that India needs to pay attention to.

India is not a legitimate nuclear power, and its nuclear weapons development and nuclear material production will not be listed. Almost all of its space technology is imported from abroad in the name of civilian technology, and its missile project will not be listed aboveboard.

It uses a large number of paramilitary forces of various names, and most of their expenses will not be included in military expenditure.

There are many anti-government armed forces in India, and most of the anti-banditry operations that have lasted for decades are carried out by paramilitary forces. Is this expenditure social security expenditure or military expenditure?

On the other hand, India's expenditure on the basic equipment of the army is very poor, rifles, artillery, ammunition, clothing and so on are very backward, and even the equipment during World War II is still in use. Moreover, the basic national defense facilities cannot keep up, and there are problems in military training and equipment maintenance. Their money is concentrated on buying sophisticated weapons.

The third aspect. There are many fishing projects for equipment procurement in India, and a project often takes many years. It is not surprising that it takes less than ten years to budget for three years. For example, India 126 "Advanced Medium Fighter" procurement plan, in 200510,65438+started bidding, originally planned to sign the contract in six weeks. As a result, six years have passed and there is no more. Now there is news that it will be delayed until the end of the year. No one knows whether it will be delayed for another few years.