Classical Chinese is a complete failure.

1. Help me find the word "failure" to explain, the source and other related contents are all failures.

Pinyin (y and bà i tú dí)

The notes described that the failure was out of control.

The source "Historical Records Biography of Emperor Gaozu": "The world is disturbed and princes rise together. If you don't stand up today, you will be defeated. "

In the Qin Dynasty, Peixian county magistrate asked Liu Bang, director of Surabaya Museum, to escort a group of ordinary people to Lishan as coolies. Unexpectedly, on the way,

Many people fled one after another. Liu Bang thought: If we go on like this, we won't be able to escape without waiting for Mount Li, and we will be killed.

Punished, he thought about it, and let all those who didn't escape go, and hid in Mang and Yang counties with some people who didn't want to leave.

In the mountains and rivers of the world.

In the first year of Qin Ershi, he fought Qin in osawa Township and claimed to be the King of Chu. Pei county magistrate wanted to join the army, and his subordinates Xiao He and Cao Can suggested.

He said, "You are the magistrate of Qin. Now you betrayed the Qin Dynasty. I'm afraid some people can't accept it. You'd better recall Liu Bang and take away those who are not satisfied.

Guys, this is easy. "Pei county magistrate immediately called Fan Lu to invite Liu Bang. But when Liu Bang came back, Peixian county magistrate saw that he had nearly one hundred.

People are afraid that he will not obey his orders and repent again. So he ordered the city gate to be closed tightly to prevent Liu Bang from entering the city. Liu bang is outside the city

Wrote a letter, tied to the captain of the arrow and handed it to the elders in the city, asking the elders of Peixian County to kill the county magistrate, and * * * took Qin to protect the whole body.

Go home. The elder really killed the county magistrate, opened the city gate, welcomed Liu Bangjin to Pei County and asked him to be the county magistrate. Liu bang said modestly:

"The world situation is very tense. If the county magistrate is not properly arranged, it will be "a complete failure." Please choose someone else later.

All right! "

But in the end, Liu Bang made a county magistrate named Pei Gong.

"Total failure" originally meant that once it was broken, it was necessary to draw a picture of the liver and brain on the ground. But later generations have always used it to explain their mistakes.

After the failure, the situation got out of control. For example, a businessman blindly sells inferior goods for immediate benefit, but consumers will do so.

Don't be fooled, so the goods of the merchants will stagnate and the turnover will be ineffective, which will be "disastrous" and out of control. Another example is a ball.

The team, because the team members don't cooperate closely and encounter setbacks, is also in a hurry and even "fails", which is out of control. (Editor: Wang Ying)

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2. Which book does the story of failure come from? Historical records? Gaozu shiji

Liu Ji said, "The world is in turmoil, and all the ministers have risen together. Now, the generals are in a bad situation. They have completely failed. I dare not love myself, but I'm afraid I'll lose weight and I'm afraid I won't be a father, brother and child.

I want to make a better choice for this important event. "In the Qin Dynasty, Peixian county magistrate called Liu Bang, director of Surabaya Pavilion, to escort a group of ordinary people to Qishan as coolies.

Unexpectedly, on the way, he escaped a lot one by one. Liu bang simply released all those who didn't escape. He and some people who didn't want to leave hid in the mountains at the junction of Mang and Yang counties. In the first year of Qin Ershi (209 BC), he fought Qin in osawa Township, claiming to be the King of Chu.

Pei county magistrate wanted to join him, and his subordinate Xiao He suggested, "You are Qin county magistrate. Now you betrayed the Qin Dynasty. I'm afraid some people can't accept it. It is best to recall Liu Bang and catch those who don't accept it. That would be easy. " Pei county magistrate immediately asked Fan Li to invite Liu Bang.

However, when Liu Bang came back, Peixian county magistrate saw that he had nearly a hundred people, fearing that he would not listen to his command and regretted it. So he ordered the city gate to be closed tightly to prevent Liu Bang from entering the city.

Liu bang wrote a letter outside the city, tied it to an arrow and shot at the elders in the city. He told Qi Xin, the elder of Pei County, to kill the county magistrate and fight Qin to save his family property. The elder really killed the county magistrate, opened the city gate, welcomed Liu Bangjin into Pei County, and asked him to be the county magistrate.

Liu Bang said modestly: "The situation in the world is very tense. If the county magistrate is not properly arranged, he will be "defeated." Please choose someone else! " But in the end, Liu Bang became a county magistrate.

"Total failure" originally meant that once it was broken, the liver and brain were everywhere, but later generations have always used it to explain the uncontrollable situation after failure.

3. There is a grudge between Party A and Party B, and Party B is always thinking about how to bring down Party A. After knowing this, A secretly sent his cronies XXX to sneak into B's house in other ways, and all the plans made for B were not leaked. Everything B wants to do, he secretly supports B with the money from A's family, which makes what B wants to do not only save money but also make a big difference. After a year or two, this man won the trust of B. It turned out that all B's advisers had to step down and listen to this man. The man took the opportunity to persuade B: "A has secretly molested women before, but because of his identity, he didn't dare to report it and didn't spit it out. I'm not as strong as him, and I dare not hit him. I heard that you also had a grudge against A, so you came to work. The reason why I help you wholeheartedly is to repay his kindness, but it is also for this matter. Now there are loopholes to drill, why not attack him? " B is very happy. He spent a lot of money to calculate A, and this person also used B's money to bribe A everywhere, involving nothing. After the trap was dug, the man forged A's bad behavior and the name of the witness to underwrite it to B, and asked B to write a complaint to report it. Two people were questioned and confronted in court, and found that these were all false. The witness also defected and refused to admit it. The accusation against A ended in a fiasco, and B was sentenced to defend the border for the crime of framing. B is angry and ashamed. Because I have always had a good relationship with this man, he has many skeletons in his closet, so I dare not report this man, and finally I am angry. Swear on the grave when you die, but nothing will happen decades later.

There are a lot of "sitting" in Historical Records, such as "sitting for rebellion, giving death, the country will be divided", which is about "being sentenced to death for treason, because there are no children, the vassal country will die"

4. In the word "failure", what does "wipe the floor" mean? Wipe the floor: (liver and brain).

suggestion

never come to anything

At the end of the Qin Dynasty, governors from all over the country rose up and rebelled against the tyranny of the Qin Dynasty, and the peasant leaders in Ozawa Township, who were full of Chen, also launched an uprising. At this time, Peixian county magistrate saw that the situation was unstable and panicked. Magistrates Xiao He and Cao Can suggested recalling Liu Bang who was exiled. The magistrate sent someone to invite Liu Bang, but Liu Bang's men arrived at the gate. The magistrate was afraid that Liu Bang would come back and would no longer be his official. So he not only ordered the closure of the city gate, but also planned to kill Xiao He and Cao San. Xiao He and Cao San escaped from the city and were protected by Liu Bang.

Liu bang wrote a letter and shot it into the city, calling on the people to respond to the uprising. Qi Xin responded, killed the magistrate, opened the city gate to welcome Liu Bang into the city, and asked him to be the magistrate. Liu Bang refused, saying, "Now the world is in chaos. If the sheriff is not chosen properly, once he fails, his liver and brain will be everywhere. Please recommend others who are more suitable. " Although Liu Bang was humble for many times, he finally served as the county magistrate and was honored as "Pei Gong".

Hope to adopt

5. The fables in classical Chinese are full of enthusiasm, dedication, enthusiasm, thirst-quenching, love for dragons, sitting in a well and watching the sky, hopelessness, taking advantage of the wind and waves to open books, being knowledgeable but not refined, accurate, catching wind and catching shadows, being respectful, having mixed feelings, quickly adjusting troops, being chilling but inappropriate, overreaching, being eclectic, rare, unbearable and hopeless. Power and prestige in all directions, no name, no money, perseverance, no solution, resurrection, terminal illness, no danger, not being a tiger, pulling out the mountain to lift the tripod, buying a donkey for medical treatment, difficult to rely on an iceberg, the last stop, giving up halfway, not greedy for treasure, as old as new, seeing is believing, not bending over for five buckets of rice, carrying firewood to put out the fire, being unconventional, unlearned, not entering the den, nothing. Traffic is busy, taking advantage of people's danger, cars are loaded with buckets, huge sums of money, scares the grass, carves insects, is overqualified, and more is good. It is potbellied, selfless, stubborn, unruly, late bloomer, urgent, open, irrelevant, throwing bricks to punish evil, selfless, falling apart, making trouble, and overlapping. Bridge, sit up and take notice, Li Xia, Gua Tian, sit back and relax, go it alone, be flashy, Mr. Hao Hao, be a fox, be a tiger, be a tiger, be sweaty, come from behind, be a rising star, be mighty after death, be a silver flower on a flaming tree, be clear in the wild, be unwilling to let go, be a frog in the well, be a cow in the mouth, be exhausted by Jiang Lang. Glue paint is the same. It is open-minded, ostentatious, clean and honest, loyal to the public and helpful to the world, willing to open books and talk about Kan Kan, open-minded, diligent and thrifty, fighting for a long time, creating the world, eloquent, getting something for nothing, vain, and boundless merits. The old cow and old woman can understand the way, and the old saying goes. Not for Waquan, he is my brother. He does the opposite. He is naive, changeable, seven-step talent, celebrating his father's immortality, Lu Nanwei, high and low in tune, wonderful in tune, a thousand-dollar bone, a close call, a thousand miles of goose feathers, a donkey's skill, a thousand words, a wonderful mastery of nature, seven escapes and seven verticals, an urgent worry, and a salary change. This is a once-in-a-lifetime event. This is a magnificent mountain and river. This is a busy day. People are not saints. To err is human, to err is human, to give up one's family, to be in full swing, to be outstanding and brilliant, to be poor in the end, to be alert and humble, to be virtuous and fearless, to be relieved, to be caught in my trap, to be like a duck to water, to be obedient, to put down the book, to say goodbye for three days, and to die old. Drops of water wear away the stone, but die without death, immoral, three visits to the thatched cottage, two-pronged approach, resurgence, ten lines, four brothers, corpses everywhere, commonplace, find out, repeated orders and five applications, embattled, three strokes of teaching, three people become tigers, killed and dying, in dire straits, sensible of the times, is the good fortune of Jie Jun. Fall, practise fraud, practise fraud, study in the same month, wait for the rabbit, break your arm by 30%, fall apart, be with the enemy, share the enemy, squire fish, take the bait, share the joys and sorrows * * * bitter, the same work, different songs, natural justice, a Chinese odyssey, the ends of the earth, perfection, enough, militarism, Zhuang Zhoumeng died and participated in the murder. Pre-emptive strike, cheerful, relaxed and happy, dead wood cannot be carved, United, vocal, cautious, defeated, defensive, inaction, never-ending, lady Zhong Xiu, lady Zhong Xiu, bullying, drunk, a generation of model, a close call, three chapters of the contract, taking the past as a mirror, looking up to the sky and sighing, one country, three public interests, one country. Judging a person by his appearance, he has a poor reputation, a promise as good as a thousand dollars, reckless disregard of everything, ignorance, worthless, a thousand miles in a day, Sanqiu, informal, brave to try and do nothing. I don't know three things, and I make mistakes again and again. Under the moon, the old man is worried, naked, bent on his own way, blind, ambitious, successful, and fearless, drinking poison to quench his thirst and feeling ashamed.

6. Classical Chinese "Never Know a Car" and its translation guide

The Vietnamese people listened to hearsay and built cars behind closed doors, which led to a complete defeat of the war and serious consequences, but "never knew about cars." This is a painful lesson.

From [Ming] Fang Xiaoru's Xunzhizhai Collection:

There is no car in Vietnam (1), but tourists in the suburbs of Jin Chu get a car, and the radiation (2) is rotten and defeated, and the axle is destroyed, which is useless. However, there is nothing in his hometown, and the boat is full of praise for the people. The viewer believes in its boasting and thinks that the car is solid and works for it. Another day, people in Jin and Chu laughed at their stupidity. The more such people thought they were jealous of themselves and turned a blind eye to them. Pet-name ruby and KouBing invaded its territory, the more my car royal. If the car breaks down, it will fail. I will never know its car.

note:

1 day: Yue Guo; ② spoke (fú): spoke. A straight bar connecting the hub and rim in a wheel. The following "é (ní)" and "é (yuá n)" are all parts of ancient carts, where "é" is the part where the axle ends meet the crossbar, and "é" is two straight trees for driving livestock in front of the cart; 3 Zhu: equivalent to "to"; 4 genera: one after another; ⑤: dài, derailed; 6 bad: destruction; 7 solid: originally; 8 effect: imitation, imitation; Pet-name ruby gu: ignore; Attending defeat: destroy 1 1, but: then.

Translation:

There are no cars in Vietnam. A Vietnamese tourist got on a bus on the outskirts of Jin Chu. The axle is rotten, the wheels are broken and the axle is destroyed. There is no way to use it, but there is no such car in Vietnam. So I took it back by boat and boasted to the villagers. Everyone who saw it believed what the Vietnamese said and thought that the car was doing this, so they all followed suit and looked similar. After a while, people in other countries saw jokes about their clumsy cars. The Vietnamese didn't believe them and ignored them. It's time for foreign enemies to invade this country. Yue used such a crude car to defend against the enemy. As a result, the car broke down and was defeated by the enemy in the war, but I still don't know how the real car was made.

Lesson: 1 Don't pretend to understand, seek truth from facts;

Don't imitate blindly, but know how to judge things by yourself;

You can't go your own way, stick to your own opinions and be self-righteous. You should be good at listening to other people's opinions and accepting correct suggestions.

4. Don't judge things subjectively, but know the essence of things.

7. Chen Qun, a classical Chinese translation of Biography of Chen Qun, was born in Xuchang, Jianchuan County. Grandfather Chen Shi and father Chen Ji. When Chen Qun was a child, Chen Shi thought he was different from ordinary people. Kong Rong of Lu was arrogant, aged between Chen Ji and Chen Qun. He and Chen Ji were good friends first, and then he became very close to Chen * *, so he changed Chen Ji to his elder, and Chen Qun became famous. When Liu Bei was appointed as the secretariat of Yuzhou, he also recruited Chen Qun as the platform. At that time, Tao Qian had just died, and the courtiers in Xuzhou greeted Liu Bei. Liu Bei intended to go, and Chen Qun advised, "At present, the strength of Yuan Shu should not be underestimated. If we take Xuzhou to the east now, we will definitely have a battle with Yuan Shu. If Lu Bu attacks the rear of our army, even if the general gets Xuzhou at that time, things will certainly not have a good result. " Liu Bei didn't listen to the advice. He marched eastward and fought endlessly with Yuan Shu. Lu Bu took the opportunity to capture Xia Pi, and then sent troops to support Yuan Shu. Liu Bei was defeated and regretted not listening to Chen Qun's advice. He followed Chen Ji to Xuzhou. When Cao Bing broke Lyu3 bu4, Cao Cao recruited Chen Qun as his successor in Sikongfu. At that time, Wang Mo of Le 'an and Zhou Kui of Xiapi were recommended, and Cao Cao asked them to recruit. Chen Qun returned the call-up order to Cao Cao intact, thinking that the two men were morally corrupt and would perish sooner or later. Cao Cao wouldn't listen. Later, Wang Mo and Zhou Kui were killed for their evil deeds. Cao Cao apologized to Chen Qun for this. Chen Qun recommended Chen Jiao from Guangling and Daigan from Danyang, and Cao Cao was appointed. After the rebellion of Wu, Dai Gan died of loyalty and righteousness, and Chen Jiao became a famous minister. Because of this, the world praises Chen Qun as a man of vision. During the Qinglong period, the imperial court built a palace, which caused the people to delay the farming season. Chen Qun's Shangshu said: "Dayu inherited the prosperous times of Tang and Yu, but he still only built low palaces and wore simple clothes. Moreover, after the death of Emperor Ling, the world was in chaos and the number of ordinary people dropped sharply. Compared with the period of Emperor Wendi and Emperor Jingdi, the current household registration is not as good as that of a big county at that time. Coupled with frequent border wars and the hard work of soldiers, if there is another drought or flood disaster, the country's worries will be deep. Besides, Wu and Shu are still alive, and the country is still unstable. We should strengthen the training of the army, encourage agriculture, and be prepared to fight back before they attack. Now your majesty has given up these urgent tasks and is busy building the palace. I'm worried that people will become more and more sleepy. What can you do to resist future enemy soldiers? Nowadays, the Central Plains consumes labor in this way, which is what Wu and Shu are happy to see. This is the key to national security. I hope your majesty will consider it carefully. "

When Mao was alive, Liu Kuang deserved to be beheaded because his brother participated in the satirical rebellion of Wei. Chen Qun told Mao what he thought. Mao said: "Liu Kuang is a famous minister, and I want to pardon him." So Liu Kan was reinstated and sincerely thanked Chen Qun for his kindness. However, Chen Qun said, "When it comes to punishment, it is for the country, not for an affair. The decision is up to the democratic leader. What do I know? "

8. Translation of Classical Chinese Tang Taizong said that Liang Gong said: "With copper as a mirror, you can dress appropriately; Taking the ancient as a mirror, we can use the words of Emperor Taizong to evaluate Wei Zhi: "A person who takes copper as a mirror can make his clothes and hats properly dressed;" "Taking history as a mirror, we can know the reasons for the rise and fall of the country; Taking people as a mirror, you can find your own right and wrong. "

First, the original text: Song Ouyang Xiu, Song Qi's "New Tang Book Volume 110 Biography, Twenty-second Wei Zhi"

Emperor Taizong said to Duke Liang: "With copper as a mirror, you can dress your clothes;" Taking history as a mirror, we can know the rise and fall; Learn from others, and you will know the gains and losses. I have tried to protect these three lessons, and I defend myself from the heart. Today, Wei Zhi died, and so will he. "

Second, translation:

Emperor Taizong commented on Wei Zhi: "A person who uses copper as a mirror can make his clothes and hats properly dressed;" Taking history as a mirror, we can know the reasons for the rise and fall of the country; Looking at people as a mirror, you can find your own right and wrong. After Kevin·Z died, I lost a good mirror. "

Extended data

First, the creative background

"With copper as a mirror, you can dress up, learn from others, know the gains and losses, learn from history, and know the rise and fall." This passage comes from the story of Emperor Taizong, Li Shimin and Minister Wei Zhi. Wei Zhi, the minister, was able to put forward suggestions to Emperor Taizong bluntly and often expressed his opinions in court. Because he was able to listen to the correct opinions, during his reign, the politics was clear, the society was stable, the economy of the Tang Dynasty was prosperous, and the national strength was strong.

After Wei Zhi died, Emperor Taizong burst into tears and was very sad. He ordered a Wei Zhi Monument and wrote it himself. Emperor Taizong often missed Wei Zhi and sighed and said to his ministers, "With copper as a mirror, we can dress our clothes, learn from others' strengths, learn from gains and losses, learn from history and learn from prosperity." He compared Wei Zhi to a mirror.

Second, the profile of the characters.

Wei Zhi, whose real name is "Wei Zhi" (the second year of the Northern Zhou Dynasty (580)-the seventeenth year of Zhenguan in the Tang Dynasty (February 643 1 1), was born in Xiaquyang County (now Jinzhou City) of Julu County. Politicians, thinkers, writers and historians in the Sui and Tang Dynasties were called "a generation of celebrities" by later generations because of their suggestions and assistance in the great cause of "Zhenguan Governance" initiated by Emperor Taizong.

Official to Dr. Guanglu, whose name is Zheng Guogong, and posthumous title is "Wen Zhen". Keep the funeral simple. In the same year, he entered Lingyange.