Characteristics and functions of figurative sentences

Metaphor has many good expressive functions. It can turn the unknown into the known, make the profound truth simple, make the abstract concrete, and make the plain things vivid. But if the metaphor is not used properly, it will be self-defeating and make jokes. So, how to use metaphor correctly?

First of all, we should observe things carefully and comprehensively in peacetime. There must be comparability between the ontology and the vehicle in figurative sentences, and this comparability must be their main feature. Therefore, we should observe carefully, think comprehensively, grasp the essential characteristics of things and choose the most comparable vehicles. Don't do it rashly, just use it casually, it will only make a lot of jokes. Secondly, metaphor should be not only appropriate, but also easy to understand. There is such a metaphor: I bought a pen today, which looks like a submarine and has a sharp pen. The pen here is common to us, but the submarine is not familiar to everyone. This metaphor is not very good, and it can't achieve the purpose of using figurative sentences. Thirdly, pay attention to the correctness of thoughts and feelings when using figurative sentences. From the other end of the corridor, Dr. Bethune appeared, and the reporters rushed forward like wild animals, and the flash of the camera kept flashing. It is obviously extremely inappropriate to use the metaphor of "catching wild animals" to describe the reporters around Bethune.

Finally, after writing a figurative sentence, you should carefully look at whether the collocation before and after the sentence is accurate. For example, "the river is like a flowing ribbon", which can be compared to "ribbon". The problem lies in the "ribbon", because in this way, people feel that this ribbon is floating in the air, and it is naturally inappropriate to compare it to a "river". Therefore, it is not enough to pay attention to the proper collocation of metaphor and metaphor, but also to the collocation of other words, otherwise there will be sick sentences.

In this way, it is not an easy task to write a good figurative sentence. But as long as you can observe carefully, think seriously and be good at using your brain, you will certainly make your article vivid and vivid, and your concrete sentences will be infectious.

The Features and Functions of (1) Metaphor

Metaphor is "metaphor" That is, to grasp the similarities between two different things and compare one thing with another. The structure of metaphor is generally composed of ontology (object to be compared), vehicle (object to be compared) and figurative words (symbol of figurative relationship). The key of metaphor: A and B must be essentially different things, and there must be similarities between A and B, otherwise the metaphor cannot be established. The main functions of metaphor are: turning plain into vivid; Turn abstruse into simple; Turn abstract into concrete; Turn verbosity into conciseness.

(2) Types of metaphor

1 simile. The typical form is: A is like B, and ontological vehicles all appear, which are connected by metaphors such as "image, image, as if, as if". For example, the harvested crops are piled up like hills. "

2 metaphor. The typical form is: A is B, both ontology and vehicle appear, and there are no figurative words in the middle. It is often associated with "yes", "success" and "success". For example, the relationship between Marxism and China Revolution is the relationship between the arrow and the target.

3 metaphor. The typical form is: A generation B. Without ontology, it directly describes the vehicle. But it is different from metonymy. Find out the similarities between the two things by metonymy. Such as putting down the luggage and starting the machine.

4 metaphor. Use several metaphors to compare the same ontology from different angles and with different similarities. For example, among the layers of leaves, some white flowers are scattered, some bloom gracefully, and some bloom shyly; Like a pearl, like a star in the blue sky, like a beauty who just took a bath. (Pearl, Star and Beauty Who Just Showed Bath describe the beauty of lotus from the perspectives of color, luster and feeling, and grasp the similarities such as light, faint flicker, freshness and tranquility. )