Xu Wenchang, Shaoxing's grandfather, was the first gifted scholar in Ming Dynasty.

There were many talented people in the Ming Dynasty.

From 755 to 79000, Jie Jin, the main usurper, had Yang Shen, who was known as "the best in the world", and four gifted scholars in Wumen: Tang Bohu, Zhu Zhishan, Wen Zhiming and Xu Zhenqing. However, when it comes to great influence in later generations and good reputation among the people, no one except Xu Wei and Xu Wenchang thought of it.

There is a saying in Ming and Qing dynasties that "you can be an official without salt", which means that there are the most teachers in Shaoxing's yamen. Xu Wei is the ancestor of Shaoxing touts. He was the most talented and famous aide in the shogunate of Hu Zongxian, the governor of southeast China during the Anti-Japanese War.

Tang Xianzu, a famous dramatist in Ming Dynasty, said: "Andrew gave birth to Xu Wenchang, not by his tongue." Zheng Banqiao, one of the Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou in Qing Dynasty, once carved the seal of "lackeys under the Ivy Gate", and Wu Changshuo, an artist in the late Qing Dynasty, called him a "sage in painting". Qi Baishi, a master of modern art, admired him to the extreme: "I hate being born for 300 years, grinding ink paper to make a green vine." Pan Tianshou, a master of modern Chinese painting, summed it up in one sentence: "The first person in 300 years."

It's interesting to say. Besides these elegant admirers, ordinary people also like Xu Wei. For hundreds of years, women and children in Jiangnan have known the funny story of "Young Xu Wenchang". Although most ordinary people don't know that Xu Wenchang is Xu Wei's word, it doesn't prevent them from loving this Jiangnan prodigy. Come on, tonight, my father will tell you a story about young Xu Wenchang. He is a great intellectual.

What won numerous admirers for Xu Wei in later generations was his talent and his artistic talent beyond the times. Xu Wei is a rare all-round talent in a century. His calligraphy, painting, poetry and drama are all masters.

But as an inquisitor, Xu Wei relied on articles rather than calligraphy and painting under the curtain of Hu Zongxian.

Xu Wei's most famous story is that he helped Hu Zongxian write the Yongle Grand Ceremony twice and presented it to Emperor Jiajing. What is a white deer? Yes, it's white deer. Modern biologists tell us that all white-flowered animals are albino animals, but in ancient times, it was called "good luck", similar to white tiger, white deer and ear grass, and was moved by the emperor's sincerity, indicating the prosperity of the country and the peace of the people. Zhu Hou _, Emperor Jiajing, had better take this bite. During his reign, ministers tried their best to worship all kinds of auspicious things, such as white deer, white crane, white goose, colorful turtle and ganoderma lucidum. Without exception, those who provided them were promoted to positions.

Xu Wei's kind words on the table of Bailuyuan were highly praised by Zhu Hou _. After being commended by the emperor, Hu Zongxian was happier than winning the battle. Since then, he has been more cordial to Xu Wei.

Beloved's current job is like a secretary, mainly giving advice to the host, participating in confidential affairs, drafting proclamations and drafting the memorial. Among them, the most important task is to write the paper. Whether the style of writing is good or not will directly affect the rise and fall of the official position of the master, and also determine the position of the master on the screen.

In the Qing Dynasty, two famous touts wrote jokes about the memorial. Two government officials and two Shaoxing touts.

One is that during the Yongzheng period, Tian Wenjing, the governor of Henan Province, had a politician named Wu Sidao. One day, Bao asked Tian Wenjing, "Do you want to be a world-famous governor or a mediocre governor?" Tian Wenjing replied: "Of course I want to be a world-famous governor!" Master Wu smiled and said, "If you want to be a world-famous governor, just let me do something and don't interfere." Then, he drafted a letter for Tian Wenjing, sealed it and sent it to Beijing overnight, without showing Tian Wenjing a word.

It turned out that the throne was held by Long Ke, the life minister in power at that time and the emperor's uncle. Tian Wenjing was blue in the face when he learned the truth, but he couldn't go back, so he had to sit at home and wait for the crime to be dismissed. Unexpectedly, Yong Zhengdi had long wanted to cut down pitaya with his big tail. After receiving this letter, he seized the opportunity to send it to six departments for approval and banned Long Ke from taking office. From then on, brave people

The other is that during the Xianfeng period, Zeng Guofan practiced Xiang Army at the beginning and lost a losing streak with Taiping Army. In desperation, he wrote a complaint to the court and apologized for help. The memorial says "our army fought in the north", and I asked Ma Jiading to change it to "our army fought in the north". The fact has not changed, but the spirit has changed. Emperor Xianfeng did not blame the throne, but praised Zeng Guofan for his bravery. Therefore, Zeng Guofan naturally praised Ma touts.

In the thirty-sixth year of Jiajing, at the age of 37, Xu Wei was recruited into the shogunate by Hu Zongxian and stayed there for five years, which was also the most proud day of Xu Wei's life.

However, prodigy Xu Wei is a scholar in the imperial examination. Until the age of twenty, Xu Cai barely passed the scholar exam under the care of the county magistrate. After that, I took the provincial examination again and again until I was forty-one. He took eight exams and never succeeded. Before entering the Hu Zongxian shogunate, Xu Wei had missed six exams. What is the reason?

At that time, an examiner wrote a sentence on Xu Wei's unsuccessful test paper: "Every word is a ghost, and Li Changji is also a ghost." Li Changji, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, is known as "Shi Gui", and his poems are steep and unconventional. From the perspective of taking the exam as an official, it is obvious that "Chang Li is for the people" is not a good evaluation.

Shen Defu in Ming Dynasty recorded that he met Xu Wei in Beijing when he was young. "He has a long face and eyes like stars, and he is free in sex. The museum's home in Zhang Yang and Taishi City is a bit different, that is, he dares to ride home. " Xu Wei's classmates, high flyers in high school, and Xu Wei, whose family is a private school teacher, can swear without saying a word, and their character is immeasurable.

Such a flamboyant personality is not suitable for boasting, but Hu Zongxian spoke highly of Xu Wei and indulged him. Hu Zongxian is so powerful that officials of civil and military forces dare not look up when they enter the governor's office. On the other side, Xu Wei is wearing an old black scarf and white cloth. "Go straight into the door and sit down and talk hard." On one occasion, Hu Zongxian had something urgent to find Xu Wei, but he couldn't say anything. The door stayed open until late at night. Finally, the person sent reported: "Xu Xiucai is so drunk that it seems that he can't come."

Not only that, but even Hu Zongxian, Xu Wei's family, was completely worried. Xu Wei's wife Pan Shi Ying died young. She is a bachelor, and Hu Zongxian arranged his marriage with Zhang. There is no house in Xu Wei. Hu Zongxian specially asked Xu Wei to write a 654-word "Master Wanli" and paid a fee of 220 taels of silver. Three words should be one or two silver. You know, the salary of Zhengqipin county officials in the Ming Dynasty was only 45 A Liang a year. With this expensive manuscript fee and 200 taels saved by Xu Wei, he reclaimed 10 mu of land in the southeast of Shaoxing City, built a big house with 22 houses, planted bamboo and flowers, and built a fish pond. He proudly named the villa "Appreciation Hall".

Although Xu Wei is a scholar in white, he is "conceited, talented, curious and talkative." Since there is no doubt that he participated in the military as commander-in-chief in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. But there is no conclusive historical evidence to prove how many outstanding military contributions he has made. Later generations worshipped Xu Wei's paintings and calligraphy, loved my house and my dog, and praised Xu Wei's military career. Even confirmed that "Wang Zhi's death was planned by Xu Wei". Xu Wei is a versatile man, but it is neither fish nor fowl to impose a "strategist" on his title.

A scholar dies for a bosom friend. In the 43rd year of Jiajing, Hu Zongxian was arrested and committed suicide in prison. Xu Wei wrote a paper for zhenhai tower. In the preface, he pointed out the record of the current dynasty: "He died in Gong Huating". Influenced by the Hu Zongxian case, Xu Wei was once hysterical, wrote an epitaph for himself, and failed to commit suicide nine times.

Speaking of it, Xu Wei's suicide was also one of the reasons for his later fame. The key lies in his appalling way of suicide. "The giant cone is harsh, several inches deep; One; one

In his later years, Xu Wei made a living by selling calligraphy and painting, and he was a loner. "Arrogance is very beneficial, and people who show it refuse to accept it. The official is there and can't get a word in. " When someone visited, he pushed Chai Men away and shouted, "Wen Chang is not here!" At the age of 73, Xu Wei died in a broken house, ending his wild and weird life.