Classical Chinese composition satire

1. Looking for a classical Chinese article that satirizes others

Preface to the essay "Mourning and Drowning" [Tang Dynasty] Liu Zongyuan

Original text

Yong Zhi Meng Xian Good at traveling. One day, the water was very violent, and five or six men took a small boat to cross the Xiangshui River. In Zhongji, the boat was broken and everyone swam. One of them tried his best but couldn't do anything ordinary. His companion said: "You are good at traveling, what will you do now?" He said: "I have a thousand coins around my waist, heavy, but it will be later." He said: "Why don't you go?" He didn't respond and shook his head. If you have a while, you will be lazy. Those who had saved stood on the shore and called out: "How foolish are you? How can you hide this? Your body is dead, why do you use goods?" He shook his head again. Then he drowned. I mourn. And if so, wouldn’t it be possible for the big guys to drown out the gangsters? So he wrote "Mourning".

Translation

The people in Yongzhou are all good at swimming. One day, the river surged, and five or six people crossed the Xiangjiang River in a small boat. When they crossed into the river, the boat broke and everyone started swimming. One of them tried his best to swim but could not swim very far. His companions said: "You are the best at swimming, why are you lagging behind today?" He said: "I have a thousand coins wrapped around my waist, which is very heavy, so I am lagging behind." His companions said: "Why don't you throw it away? What?" He didn't answer and shook his head. After a while, he became even more tired. The man who had swam over stood on the shore and shouted: "You are very stupid and ignorant. You are going to drown. Why do you need money?" He shook his head again. So he drowned. I feel very sad about this. If it were like this, wouldn't it happen that Italy drowned the big shot? So I wrote "Mourning."

Meaning

"Preface to the Sorrowful Essay" satirizes those people in the world who are so greedy that they are ignorant, and further warns some people who are greedy for money and gain, if they don't wake up If you look back, you will surely be buried in the world of fame and fortune. But it also tells us that no matter how much money we have, it is useless if we lose our lives.

"Mourning" means lamenting the drowning person. The reason for "mourning" is that the author lamented the drowning man who could not wake up until his death. His greed for money caused him to lose consideration for life. This aroused the author's feeling that "the big man is drowned by big profits", thus expressing his concern and irony towards those in the officialdom who are greedy for fame and fortune!

"Preface to the Drowning Essay" narrates the story of a man who was usually the best at swimming and drowned because he was reluctant to part with money. It satirizes the ignorance of people who love money as much as their lives, and warns them that if they don't wake up, If you look back, you will be buried in the world of fame and fortune. Those who are blinded by money and fall in love with it would rather give up their lives than lose their money. "Money is something external to oneself" We should not pay attention to money.

Writing characteristics of "Preface to the Essay on Mourning"

Writing characteristics.

(1) The characteristic of "Preface to the Drowning Essay" is that it uses a combination of positive description and side contrast. It mainly depicts the mentality of the drowned person who wants money rather than his life, making the full text narrative quite concise and the characters The image is very vivid and expressive.

The positive description mainly focuses on three aspects: the first is the action description, "try your best but cannot be ordinary", which implies the burden of money; the second is the language description, "I have a thousand dollars in my waist, the heavy weight is in the future", It shows that he knows that the key is money, but he is still unwilling to give up; the third is the expression description, "No, shake his head" twice, which shows that he wants money rather than his life, and will not realize it until death.

The side foil also starts from three aspects: first, contrast, "the best at swimming", using others to point out that he has always been good at swimming, thus contrasting his abnormal behavior today of "trying his best but not being ordinary" ; The second is comparison. He who is the best swimmer drowns instead, and compares it with the fact that people who are not as good at swimming as him can reach the other side safely. The third is to use the cry of "self-helper" to reveal his ignorant heart from the side. 2. Looking for a classical Chinese article that satirizes others

A monk offered tea (classical Chinese article)

Original text: A monk from Lingyin Temple was named after tea and was very good at making and mortar. However, there are several grades of tea stored in it, and they are cooked and offered to the guests regardless of their status. The top ones are not served to distinguished guests or those who know the taste. One day, a noble official arrived, and the monk paid him a respectful visit. He brought out fine tea and cooked it himself, hoping to win praise. The noble official was silent. The monk was very confused, so he cooked it in the best way. The drink has been exhausted, and there are no words of praise. The monk couldn't wait any longer, so he bowed and said, "How about the tea?" The noble official held up his cup and said, "It's very hot.

”

Translation: There was a monk in Lingyin Temple. He was famous for his tea ceremony and was proficient in tea sets. Moreover, he collected several grades of tea and cooked different teas for the guests depending on their status. Then The best tea would not be given to someone who is not a noble person or someone who knows tea. One day, a distinguished guest came. The monk treated him very respectfully, gave him good tea, brewed the tea for him personally, and waited for the guest's praise. The distinguished guest remained silent. The monk was very puzzled, so he took out the best tea for the guest. The tea was almost finished. The monk couldn't wait any longer, bowed and said, "How does this tea taste?" "The distinguished guest held the teacup in his hand and said: "It's a bit hot."

What is ironic is that flattering people and uncultured people like the distinguished guest 3. Please write a classical Chinese essay that satirizes others

Original text of A Monk Offering Tea (Classical Chinese): A Monk of Lingyin Temple was named after tea. He was very good at making tea and mortar.

However, he kept a lot of tea and always treated the guests with dignity. The best person is not a distinguished guest or a person who knows the taste. One day, a noble official arrives, and the monk pays homage to him. He makes good tea and cooks it himself, hoping to be praised.

The noble official was silent. The monk was very puzzled and went in with the best cooking.

The monk was impatient and said, "How about tea?" The noble official held a cup and said, "It's very hot." ”

Translation: There was a monk in Lingyin Temple. He was famous for his tea ceremony and was proficient in tea sets. Moreover, he collected several grades of tea and cooked different teas for the guests depending on their status. Then The best tea would not be given to someone who is not a noble person or someone who knows tea. One day, a distinguished guest came. The monk treated him very respectfully, gave him good tea, brewed the tea for him personally, and waited for the guest's praise. The distinguished guest remained silent. The monk was very puzzled, so he took out the best tea for the guest. The tea was almost finished. The monk couldn't wait any longer, bowed and said, "How does this tea taste?" "The distinguished guest held the teacup in his hand and said: "It's a bit hot." The irony is that flattering people and uneducated people like the distinguished guest. 4. Disgusting classical Chinese composition

Classical Chinese is related to today's A form of text that is completely out of touch with life.

Classical Chinese is not only not used today, but it is also not used in ancient people's daily life.

There are two ancient sentences. The joke goes like this: Zhao Nanxing of the Ming Dynasty said in "Laughter Praise": "A scholar bought firewood and said: 'The person who pays the salary is here. ’ The firewood seller understood the word ‘come here’ and carried it in front of him.

Asked: ‘How much is it worth? ’ Because the word ‘price’ is clear and the price is stated. The scholar said: "It is strong on the outside but empty on the inside. There is a lot of smoke but little flame. Please damage it."

’The firewood seller didn’t know what to say, but the loader was gone. "There is also an ancient joke that says: A scholar was stung by a scorpion while sleeping at night. He called his wife and said, "Good wife, burn the silver lamp quickly, your husband has been attacked by poisonous insects! "I said it several times, but my wife didn't know what it meant.

The scholar couldn't bear it anymore and shouted: "Old woman, light the lamp quickly, the scorpion has stung me! "The wife finally understood what her husband meant... These two jokes can prove that classical Chinese is seriously out of touch with the daily life of ancient people. The ancient people probably spoke like the TV series "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", and ordinary people can understand it.

When teachers teach students, they may also use vernacular, just like we explain classical Chinese today. Confucius's "The Analects" retains some colloquial elements.

Since people in ancient times also used vernacular. Speaking of vernacular, why don't literati write in vernacular? I think one reason is that they were afraid of wasting paper. In the early days, there was no paper. The words were engraved on oracle bones and bamboo slips, and written on cloth, which cost a lot of money. Of course, the article should be concise.

Secondly, if you don’t write in classical Chinese, it will look uneducated, and the literati will feel embarrassed, so you don’t use vernacular. For example, Zhang Duyou wrote a poem in vernacular in the Tang Dynasty, which was later criticized. Sarcasm and ridicule.

China’s cultural revolution first started with language. The New Culture Movement and the language revolution during the May Fourth Movement had an unparalleled impetus for the ideological modernization of the Chinese people.

Hu Shi and others believed that "classical Chinese can be read but not understood" and "is a half-dead writing", so there must be a living tool to replace the dead or dying tool. Driven by the 19th CPC National Congress, the popularization of vernacular Chinese was vigorous and surprisingly smooth.

China rapidly promoted the vernacular and introduced a large number of Western grammatical and grammatical structures, pinyin letters, Arabic numerals, punctuation marks, mathematical formulas, etc., allowing China to finally integrate with modern society. If there is no reform in language and writing, if new things from the West are not introduced, how can China's native classical Chinese carry the overwhelming amount of modern information? How should China merge into this mighty world torrent? The reform of classical Chinese into vernacular is certainly a good thing, but new problems have also emerged after the reform: Today, each of us not only has to spend a lot of energy learning modern Chinese, but also has to spend a lot of energy learning those practical and practical things that are called the essence of Chinese culture. Classical Chinese texts of very little value.

Chinese is the main subject for students. A person has been learning it from elementary school to university. He has studied hard for half his life. However, many people still have incomplete literacy, cannot translate sentences, cannot write articles well, and cannot learn knowledge. End... Sigh, this annoying classical Chinese article... PS: If everyone agrees, give it a +2, and if you disagree, please share your thoughts. Thank you. 5. Classical Chinese essays that satirize and deceive people

Original text: Today's husband and wife are admiring each other in the alleys, fighting each other in wine and food games, exaggerating and laughing to get rid of each other, shaking hands to show each other's lungs and liver, pointing to the sky and weeping Weeping, swearing that we will not carry each other's back in life and death, if it is true, if we can believe it; once we face small interests, we are just like hairs on the head, and we will turn against each other as if we don't know each other.

This is the case for those who fall into the trap, do not use their hands to save it, but squeeze it back, and then drop rocks. This is something that the beasts and barbarians cannot bear to do, but the people think they have a plan.

——Translation of "Liu Zihou's Epitaph" by Han Yu: Some people today admire and please each other when they live in the neighborhood. Some people go to eat, drink and have fun frequently, talk to each other, force smiles, and express their willingness to be inferior to each other. , holding hands in front of the other party as if tearing out the liver and lungs, pointing to the sky and crying, swearing that no one would betray their friends, no matter life or death, it was as believable as the truth. Once encountering a small conflict of interests, as small as a hair, they will turn their backs on each other. If their friends fall into a trap, they will not stretch out a hand to save them. Instead, they will take the opportunity to push them, and then throw stones, everywhere. Such a person! This should be something even the beasts and barbarians couldn't bear to do, but those people thought they had a plan.