The history of Chaoshan people and Chaoshan dialect

1. How many years of history does Chaoshan dialect have?

Chaoshan dialect has a history of more than a thousand years.

Historical development: Chaozhou dialect originated from the Putian dialect of Fujian. In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the Northern Song Dynasty, the late Southern Song Dynasty, the Yisi Fahang War in the late Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty’s harsh coastal relocation People from Putian, Fujian gradually immigrated to the Chaozhou area today. The reasons for immigration were due to the overpopulation of Putian, Fujian and the war caused by escaping foreign invasion. In the late Southern Song Dynasty, the war caused by escaping foreign invasion was the largest, with more than ten people. Thousands of Putian people from Fujian immigrated to the present-day Chaozhou area. The Putian dialect of Fujian belongs to the Min dialect, while the Puxian dialect is now partly different from the Min dialect due to the influence of Fuzhou dialect. In fact, Putian immigration is a very famous event.

Main immigration route: Putian-Chaoshan. Compared with other places of ancestral origin of immigrants, Putian is obviously different. The genealogy systems in Chaoshan, Hainan, Zhanjiang, Leizhou, Dianbai and other places are quite complete. These precious genealogies very well record the "ancestors' migration from Putian". It clearly records the names of the ancestors who became local citizens from Putian, Fujian. Most of them are authentic Putian people. Most of their ancestors have lived in Putian for more than ten or dozens of generations. Some of them have lived in Putian for at least a hundred years. , most of them are hundreds of years old, and even the surnames of most of the naturalized ancestors themselves are famous Chinese families who originated in Putian. For example, the Lin family in Chaoshan, Zhanjiang, Hainan and other places are mostly the famous family of Putian, Jiumu Lin, Putian, etc. The Huang family name is mostly "Puyang Huang", the Zheng family name is mostly "Putian Nanhu Zheng", the Cai family name is mostly Puyang Cai, the Li family name is mostly Longxi Li (Meishan, Nan'an, Fujian), etc.

In history, Putian had a prosperous Kejia and a developed culture. In ancient times, Putian had a total of more than 2,400 Jinshi, and in the Song Dynasty alone, there were more than 1,000 Jinshi in Putian. "Xinghua Army" 46 of Song Zhumu's "Fangyu Shenglan" says: "The land is not larger than Cao Teng, and the customs are almost that of Zou Lu"; "Living near the sea, he is quite good at fishing and salt", speaking from Fujian , known as the hometown of cultural relics

The number of Jinshi in the Ming Dynasty ranked first among all prefectures in the country. It is recorded in historical records that in the Ming Dynasty, there were Xinghua officials who were born as Jinshi and were above the fourth rank (prefect). There are nearly 200 people there. It is precisely under the prerequisite of "more scholars and more officials" that a large number of Putian ancestors went out to become officials, and a considerable number of ancestors then naturalized locally. In Guangdong and Hainan areas, this kind of The phenomenon is particularly prominent. For example, Zheng Hui, who served as the envoy to Guangdong during the Jianyan period of Emperor Gaozong, and Huang Zhan, the general magistrate of Chaozhou, settled in the official office or moved to a third place from the official office.

Refugees were relocated. Putian was the most stubborn area against the Mongolian army in the late Southern Song Dynasty and was the hardest hit area by "Japanese pirates" in the Ming Dynasty. Putian was even beheaded twice. For example: Putian's Chen Wenlong family. The whole family died for the defense of Putian, and the whole family was loyal and loyal. His uncle Chen Zan and his clan members also defended Putian.

Many Putian ancestors emigrated in order to escape the war, flee and participate in the war. Chen Baxuan and Chen Ruji (from the Chen Wenlong tribe, heroes of the anti-Mongolian army) who were born in the Jiangmen, Huazhou and Wuchuan areas, Jiedong Denggang Hantao Fang clan, whose ancestor was Fang Zhen, lived in the sixth year of Lizong in the Southern Song Dynasty (1233). In order to avoid the war, they came to Jieyi from Hanjiang, Putian, Fujian, and lived in Hantao (now Hantao Village, Denggang Town), Tadu River, Jieyi. They were all the ancestors of the Fang family and others in Houyu Island, Chaoshan (Hongyang area). In the late Song Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty, people moved to Chaoshan for refuge due to war.

For example, the Hong family moved from Putian to Chaoshan in the Tang Dynasty. According to Chaoshan's "Hong Family Genealogy", the surname Hong in Chaoshan is from Fujian. The grandson of Hong Yu in Putian, Hong Yu lived in Qianhantou Village, Jiuji Town, Putian County, now Hanjiang District, Putian City. Hong Yu's grandson Hong Pu gave birth to Zi Shi, and Shi had Zi Gui (Hong Gui), named Dading, in Baoli of the Tang Dynasty. In the second year (826), he became a Jinshi and was appointed Minister of the Ministry of Industry. He was given the title of imperial official. In the seventh year of Zhenyuan of the Tang Dynasty, he was demoted to the governor of Chaozhou. Seeing the beauty of Chaoyi's landscape, he founded Chaoyang Guishan. Later he moved to Jiading and lived in Qibei, becoming the Hong family. The ancestor of Chaozhou came from Putian a thousand years ago, and his descendants spread all over Chaozhou.

Huang Renyong, whose courtesy name was Zhizhai, was registered as a Chaozhou scholar in the Qing Dynasty. He was also the ancestral home of Huang Ansan, the founding governor of Guizhou in the Tang Dynasty in Putian, Fujian. The tenth generation grandson.

In the first year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Bingchen Enkewu became the champion. Chaozhou dialect is mainly derived from the Fujian Putian dialect, which is slightly different from Zhangzhou dialect. ***The same thing, so Chaozhou dialect is very similar to Zhangzhou dialect.

Since Chaozhou and Zhangzhou are adjacent, they are influenced by Zhangzhou dialect. Although a large number of Putian people immigrated to Guangdong and Hainan, there are still a large number of Putian people who stayed in Putian. The Putian dialect of the Putian people who stayed in Putian continued to be influenced by Fuzhou dialect and had some differences with Chaozhou dialect.

Chaozhou has long been far away from its ancestral home of Putian in southern Fujian. It is not adjacent to Fuzhou but to Zhangzhou. It is easily influenced by other dialects such as Zhangzhou dialect. However, Chaozhou dialect is based on the Putian dialect of Fujian. Fujian influenced by Zhangzhou dialect and others. Since Fuzhou is the provincial capital, Putian has many exchanges with the provincial capital, and Putian is not adjacent to Zhangzhou. Therefore, the Putian dialect is more influenced by the Fuzhou dialect than the Quanzhou dialect. Moreover, Putian is 200 kilometers away from Zhangzhou, and ancient transportation Inconveniently, Putian dialect is difficult to be influenced by Zhangzhou dialect.

Putian is the place where the contradiction between man and land appeared for the earliest and longest time in southern Fujian. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Putian had become overpopulated and became a population exporting place. Putian began to have a relatively large-scale export population. Some Putian people immigrated to other places again hundreds of years after immigrating to Quanzhou and Zhangzhou, and their Putian dialect has been assimilated into Quanzhou dialect or Zhangzhou dialect.

Since most Putian people immigrate to Quanzhou and Zhangzhou every year, there are hundreds to thousands of people, and rarely more than 10,000 people. Compared with the people in Quanzhou and Zhangzhou, they are a small number, so it is easy to Assimilated by people from Quanzhou and Zhangzhou, not to mention some Putian people who have immigrated for hundreds to thousands of years and have been assimilated by people from Quanzhou and Zhangzhou. From the perspective of language preservation, Chaozhou dialect should be the language of the ancient Xinghua (today's Putian) area, which is the same as today's Putian dialect. Due to the large number of ancient sounds in Putian dialect, many people feel that Xinghua dialect " "Easy to speak but not easy to write." I can't write.

In fact, most of the words in Xinghua dialect can be written down, and most of the sentences and words have origins. Therefore, Chaozhou dialect is considered to be the oldest Hokkien dialect. The majority of the ancestors of the Chaoshan area are the ancient Central Plains and Putian people who migrated south one after another to escape the war.

The relatively large scale of migration occurred during the "Eight Kings Rebellion" in the Western Jin Dynasty, the war periods of the "Five Husties" and the "Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms", and later the turmoil of the late Tang Dynasty and the "Song Dynasty". 2. The history of the development of Chaoshan dialect

Outsiders say that Chaoshan dialect is too difficult to understand, and many people have not been able to learn it after staying in Chaoshan for many years.

No wonder, Chaoshan people speak it. Most of them are ancient Chinese dialects from 2000 years ago, spanning the pre-Qin, Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. Of course, it is difficult for you to communicate with the "ancients" in Mandarin.

That's it, Japan, Korea, Thailand, Indonesia, etc. There are a large number of homophonic words of Chaoshan dialect in Malay and other languages, which even the Chaoshan people themselves do not know. Reason 1: Chaoshan dialect is mostly from the Central Plains dialect of the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties nearly 2,000 years ago. Guo Moruo once said, "Chaoshan dialect." It is the dialect with the most preserved ancient Chinese language."

Tens of thousands of Chaoshan dialect words can be found with corresponding ancient Chinese characters, a large part of which are from the Central Plains during the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. For example, everyone (from Han Dynasty, refers to husband and mother), adult (father), Anu (Southern and Northern Dynasties, meaning son), Bao (from before the Qin Dynasty, meaning lush), etc. Reason two: Chaoshan people are born to speak Japanese, and Japanese people are born to speak Chaoshan dialect? Why do many Japanese words have the same pronunciation and meaning as Chaoshan dialect? It turns out that there are a large number of Chinese characters in Japanese, and Japanese people only need to know tens of thousands of Japanese words composed of commonly used Chinese characters.

Most of these Chinese words were introduced from China throughout the ages, and some were created by the Japanese.

Japanese words were later introduced to China. There are two reading methods, one is training reading and the other is phonetic reading. Training reading is based on the original Japanese meaning.

The phonetic reading is based on the way the Chinese characters were introduced to Japan. The pronunciation of words. Usually, the pronunciation of words with more than two characters is the pronunciation, and the pronunciation of single characters can be divided into ancient pronunciation according to the time of introduction. ), Wu sound (5th and 6th centuries AD, that is, the Northern and Southern Dynasties period), Han sound (late Sui Dynasty and early Tang Dynasty), New Han sound (late Tang Dynasty), Tang sound (after the Song Dynasty, also refers to Qing in a narrow sense), Song sound ( From the Southern Song Dynasty to the early Yuan Dynasty). Chaoshan dialect is mostly the ancient dialect of the Central Plains during the Wei and Jin Dynasties, so it is natural that the pronunciation and meaning of many Japanese Chinese characters are the same.

So an interesting phenomenon occurred: Chaoshan people can speak many Japanese words, and Japanese people can speak many Chaoshan words, but neither party knows that they have this innate ability. Chaoshan people speak thousands of Japanese words. I have found many Chinese words whose pronunciation is almost the same as that of Chaoshan dialect. There are thousands of them. Due to limited space, I will list a few for your reference.

Sir (doctor, teacher), chopsticks (chopsticks), meaning, also (helpless, reluctant), machine, benchmark, substrate (base, foundation), basic, secret, India, gold, attack, Point Mandarin, low, self, intern, sub lead (zinc), stability, meaning, different, treatment, fall, fun, nerve, speaking, tool, sense, inner, sex, exploration, heart, warmth, nine, skills, Reflection, muscle, near, tool, next term, draft, view, high, moving, live, paragraph, moment, true, person, new, letter water, meter, feeling, heart letter, slight facial warmth stage come, language, stay , cold, feeling, heart, conviction, each chess, up and down, action, sex, fou, Pacific, hint, meaning, left, secret, last words, appearance, foreign, desire, division, coming, kind, cold, moving, theory, Aijiao, Jiu, Xing, Literary, Acting, Speech, Intersection, Duan, Confirmation, Countries, Western, Surveillance, Dry, Mark, Folk, Military, Orphan, Slip, Entertainment, Calculation, Poetry, Vision, Garage, Origin, Main , on, surface, slightly, advance, truth, water, reach, discipline, tax, secret, responsibility, seal, fall, independence, south, nearby, ask people, preserve, view, excellent, beauty, military, quiet Roman characters, Thesis, evil, clothing, transfer, to, dependence, luck, ban, beginning, hero, egg laying.

Reason three: Chaoshan people are born with tens of thousands of Korean words. It is generally believed that Chinese characters were introduced to the Korean Peninsula in the third century BC and became popular in the fourth century AD.

Before this time, there was no writing on the Korean Peninsula. Therefore, Korean is written in Chinese characters, and Korean ancient books are also recorded in Chinese characters.

Although Hangeul was invented in the fourteenth century, it was only in the past hundred years that it became widely used. Now many North and South Koreans over forty can still understand most Chinese characters. Currently, Chinese characters account for more than half of the phonetic Korean vocabulary, with more than 80,000 words.

Due to the different time of introduction, the pronunciation of Chinese characters spans various dynasties in China and is also close to ancient Mandarin. Some of them are close to Hakka, Mandarin, Cantonese, Chaoshan, and Minnan dialects.

In other words, more than half of Korean words can find their corresponding "twin brothers" in the local dialects along the southeastern coast of China, so it is normal for Chaoshan people to be born to speak thousands of Korean languages. . The pronunciation of many words in Korean is almost the same as the Chaoshan dialect in the Chaoyang area of ??Chaozhou. Examples are as follows: Deng, Cuo, Aba (father), Azhi Azhi (stumbling walking), college student, student, international student, gone (Sound: card material) Sports, angle, bride (bride), beauty, opportunity, even, folk village, envelope, whole, New Year's Day, sincerity, reply, careful, culture, commemoration, quantity, protagonist, ticket, clan.

There are thousands of homophones between Chaoshan dialect and Korean words, listed as follows: A-Zhi A-Zhi (staggering walking), Abba (father), deck, news, turnaround, laborer, president, housewife , high, taxi (English loan words), taste, meal, wine, good, one, two, three, seven, hundred, bright (sound: pata), eat, farm, right, hair, hamburger, aunt (aunt) ), man, lady, child, tool, high, bank (polyphonic characters), tired, starting, drink, color, dim, diligent, film, market, new, long, congratulations, profit, well done, warm ,spring,wine,cool,near,moon,danger,is,lead,door,slowly,browsing room,gold,so,information,heart,long,trust,author,most,full,humble,work,remnant,note ,time.

Reason 4: Chaoshan people naturally understand thousands of words in Indian, Malay, Filipino, Thai and other languages. Indonesian, Malay, Filipino, and Thai have thousands of borrowed words from each other due to the Guangdong past dynasties. And the frequent maritime trade between Fujian and Southeast Asia, especially the large number of immigrants to Southeast Asia in the Qing Dynasty, promoted cultural exchanges, and there were a large number of borrowed words between them. In the Philippine language, 1,500 words are derived from Chinese, mainly from the southern Fujian dialect. (Including Chaoshan dialect), relevant statistics show that in Indonesian and Malay, there are more than 450 dialects from southern Fujian, and there are more than 300 loan words from Chaoshan dialect in Thai. Examples: Ru (you), bad (unlucky),. 3. How many years of history does Chaoshan dialect have?

Ancient Chaozhou dialect originated from ancient Hokkien.

The Chaozhou ancestors originally lived in the Central Plains. From the 9th to the 15th century, in order to escape war, some Fujian people migrated to the seaside and arrived in Putian, Fujian. After settling for a period of time, they migrated south collectively to eastern Guangdong, which is now the Chaoshan area.

The reason for immigration is probably due to overpopulation in Fujian. Due to geographical isolation, Chaozhou dialect gradually developed into an independent dialect.

Chaozhou dialect originated from Chaozhou Prefecture, which is also the origin of its name. The ancient Chaozhou Prefectures included present-day Jiexi, Chaozhou, Shantou, Jieyang, Chaoyang, Puning, Chaoan, Raoping, Huilai, Chenghai, etc. . The Hakka-speaking areas of Tai Po and Fengshun have residents who speak Teochew dialect.

Rao and Pingtan are mainly Chaozhou speaking areas, and there are also residents who speak Hakka. In addition, Chaozhou dialect is also spoken near the Lufeng Sanjia area.

From the 18th to the 20th century, Chaozhou residents were one of the major Chinese groups who immigrated to Southeast Asia, so Chaozhou dialect became one of the main dialects of overseas Chinese. Therefore, many people in Chinese communities outside the Chaoshan area also speak Chaoshan dialect.

Among them, many Chaozhou people have settled in Thailand and Cambodia, becoming the largest Chinese ethnic group there. Teochews form an important minority group in Hong Kong, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia (especially Riau, North Sumatra, South Sumatra, Pontianak in West Kalimantan, and Kedapang).

Some Teochew people also live in Australia, New Zealand, North America and Europe, some from the Teochew area and some from Southeast Asia. However, with the spread of globalization, the number of native Teochew speakers has gradually decreased.

Influenced by Taiwanese culture and media, many Singaporean Chinese teenagers who originally spoke Teochew as their mother tongue have switched to speaking English, Chinese and Hokkien (somewhat interoperable with Teochew). Chinese has gradually replaced Teochew dialect as the mother tongue of young people.

Despite this, Teochew is still the mother tongue of many Chinese in Singapore, and the Teochews are the second largest ethnic group of Chinese in Singapore, after the Hokkien. 4. How did the Chaoshan people come from history

The Chaoshan people in the world originated from the Chaoshan area in Guangdong, China. They belonged to Chaozhou Prefecture in the past dynasties and were named Chaozhou Bayi. Chaoshan was also called Chaozhou in ancient times. It was originally called Shantou in 1983. -In 1991, Shantou City was divided into the present-day Shantou, Chaozhou, Jieyang, and Shanwei cities, which are the four Chaoshan cities, and Fengshun County of Meizhou City are collectively referred to as the Chaoshan area.

Chaoshan has little access to the sea, and Chaoshan people began to cross the sea to other countries in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The theory that it originated in the Central Plains has been supported by historians, linguistic research, biology, social anthropology, archaeological discoveries and written family trees. Its detailed historical data provides an ideal basis for our genetic research. clue.

Second, whether it is from historical records or archaeological discoveries, it is fully proved that the ancient residents of Chaozhou must be the ancient Yue people.

Extended information: Chaoshan people have the cultural characteristics of unity, hard work, innovation, feedback, ocean, and mercantile culture, and have made extremely high achievements in all walks of life in world politics, economy, culture, and science and technology.

Chaoshan people are famous for their low-key and pragmatic, hard-working, pioneering, good at business, and honesty and trustworthiness. They are a Han ethnic group with wide distribution and far-reaching influence in the world. In the second half of the 18th century, Taksin, a Chinese from Chaoshan, defeated the invasion of Burma and saved Thailand. Taksin was elected as the king of Thonburi Dynasty. After Taksin ascended the throne, he pacified the heroes and unified Siam, and was revered as the Five Kingdoms of Thailand. The head of the great emperors, he was also the first Chinese in history to be king overseas.

Baidu Encyclopedia—Chaoshan people. 5. What is the history of Chaoshan?

1. The word "Chaoshan" once appeared on the administrative division map of Guangdong Province (1949-1952) as an administrative district, and now refers to the area influenced by Chaozhou culture. Human geography concepts. The Chaoshan area is the collective name for the three prefecture-level cities of Shantou, Chaozhou and Jieyang in Guangdong Province. It is located on the coast of eastern Guangdong and at the junction of Guangdong and Fujian. It faces Taiwan and is the only place where the Tropic of Cancer and the coastline of mainland China intersect. Part of the Haixi Economic Zone.

2. Chaoshan is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese with mountains and rivers. It has a rich marine culture and enjoys the reputation of "Zoulu on the Seaside" and "Famous Country on the Ridge and Sea". The origin of overseas travel.

Up to now, Chaoshan people are centered on the Chaoshan Plain and are distributed in coastal countries and regions such as Guangdong, Qiongzhou, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, Southeast Asia, Australia, Europe and the United States. They are famous for their hard work, courage to explore, good management, honesty and trustworthiness. They are the largest in the world. One of the most widespread and far-reaching Han ethnic groups.

3. In ancient history, the Chaoshan area was the seat of Jieyang County (Qin and Han Dynasties), Yi'an County (Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties) and Chaozhou Prefecture/County (from the 11th year of Kaihuang in the Sui Dynasty (591 to the Qing Dynasty)). After the founding of China, it was successively under the jurisdiction of Chaoshan Prefecture, Shantou Region, and Shantou City. In 1991, Shantou City separated into Chaozhou City and Jieyang City, and the three cities are collectively referred to as the "Chaoshan Area". They have the same roots and ancestors, and they are always closely united by saying "love each other". Because he was originally a citizen of Chaozhou Prefecture, he was also called Chaozhou native. 6. The historical development process of Chaoshan people, famous representatives of Chaoshan, and Chaoshan legendary stories

Chaoshan people first migrated from the Central Plains to Guangdong and settled on the seaside. Because they were good at working hard and doing business outside, Now distributed in more than 50 countries and regions overseas.

Since the Chaoshan area is close to the sea, the culture of Chaoshan is a "sea" culture. Chaoshan people are born with a longing for the sea and the distance. People from Chaoshan like to travel across the ocean and explore the world, so their footprints are spread all over the world. People often say that there is a Chaoshan in "Tangshan" (China), and there is a Chaoshan overseas, to describe the large number of tourists living overseas in the Chaoshan area. Among them, the Pearl River Delta, Hong Kong and Macau are the most concentrated, followed by Southeast Asia, and then the United States and Western Europe. There is a song called "Wherever there is tide, there are Chaoshan people." Anyway, Chaoshan people will run wherever there is money. Therefore, Chaoshan people in a broad sense refer to all people who can speak Chaoshan dialect.

The famous representative should be Li Ka-shing!

Ma Huateng should also be considered a very famous person, the father of QQ

That’s all I know 7. The origin of Chaoshan people

First of all, We need to know what Chaoshan people are, after all, this concept is confusing to many outsiders.

The definition of Chaoshan people is not static, but should be a title that is constantly interpreted by the history, region and culture. In the narrow sense, Chaoshan people refer to the three cities of Chaozhou, Shantou, and Jieyang, as well as Liuhuang Town, Tangkeng Town, Tangnan Town, Fengliang Town, Puzhai Town, and Dongliu Town in Fengshun County, Meizhou City (incorporated into Liuhuang Town in 2004) In other towns, there are Heluo people with a similar cultural background to Chaoshan. They call themselves Chaozhou people because most of these areas were originally under the jurisdiction of Chaozhou Prefecture.

This also includes a large number of Hakkas in the territory, some of whom have become Heluo due to various factors of intermarriage, such as Fengshun Liuhuang Town, Chaoyang Gurao Town, Liangying Town, Huilai County Qian Some Hakkas in Zhanzhen and other towns have completely become Heluo. These are some phenomena of the so-called "Chaozhou people, ancestors of Hakka".

In a broad sense, the Chaoshan people include the Heluo ethnic group in the Shanwei Sea and Lufeng areas, or it can be understood as the fusion of the original Chaozhou Prefecture and Shanwei City, with similar language, folk customs and culture. Lufeng is close to Sanjiajiazi Town, Jiadong Town, Jiaxi Town, Jieshi Town, Nantang Town, Neihu Town and other towns in the Huilai area. It also has Shantang, Yingge and Kungfu Tea with distinctive characteristics of Chaoshan culture.

As for the Xuanwu Mountain Buddha in Jieshi Town, it is a holy place for Chaoshan people to worship. The historical Chaohui Guild Hall and the contemporary Chaoshan Chamber of Commerce scattered all over the country can also witness the combination of Chaozhou merchants and Hailufeng merchants.

In addition, many Hailufeng people outside, especially in Hong Kong and Macao, will identify themselves as Chaozhou people. However, because the Hailufeng area has been far away from the Chaoshan base camp for a long time and has almost always been under the jurisdiction of the former Huizhou Prefecture, it is inevitable that there is a lack of recognition.

In addition, people from Chaoshan and Shantou who passed through the Hailufeng section of National Highway 324 in the past had unpleasant experiences and did not agree with Hailufeng. This requires joint efforts and mutual recognition by both parties in the future.

After all, whether they like it or not, the concept of Dachaoshan has gradually been accepted by outsiders. In fact, a situation has begun to occur where everyone is prosperous and everyone loses.

By the way, there are two ethnic groups in China that prefer to "wander", one is the Heluo ethnic group and the other is the Hakka ethnic group. The difference between the two is that the former are a group of people who tend to call other places their hometown, unlike the latter who always travel as guests.

Although Hakka people give people the feeling that they are from other places, at least they have the unique name Hakka as a bond.

From southern Fujian to Chaoshan, from Leizhou Peninsula to Hainan Island, from Gaozhou to Wenzhou and then to Taiwan, the Heluo people will only call themselves the names of the places where they live.

Therefore, they are more likely to lose their language and be assimilated than the Hakkas, such as the tens of thousands of Chaozhou fishermen who originally lived in Huizhou. Most of them did not know that they belonged to the Heluo ethnic lineage, nor did they even think of it as a Heluo ethnic group. It was not until modern times that they gradually gained a perceptual understanding.

In addition, the Heluo ethnic group also has a kind of internal fighting. Although this is a common bad habit among Chinese people, the situation within the Heluo ethnic group, which has relatively fierce folk customs, may be more serious. This may be the reason why students from the same Heluo ethnic group often fight with each other in technical secondary schools in Guangzhou.

For example, students from Chaoshan Jiefeng often join forces with students from Hailufeng to fight in groups with students from Leizhou. After defeating each other, they may also split and fight. But in Chaoshanjie, they fought in a mess behind closed doors.

Therefore, in Guangdong, unlike the vernacular people who are vaguely regarded as Cantonese by outsiders, the Hakkas who speak Hakka are also considered Hakkas, but the Heluo people who speak Heluo are divided into several categories. area. The knowledgeable people in Chaoshan should be aware of such a problem, and then slowly strive to integrate the Heluo ethnic groups in Chaoshan. 8. What is the origin of Chaoshan people

Chaoshan people refer to the three cities of Chaozhou, Shantou and Jieyang as well as Liuhuang Town, Tangkeng Town, Tangnan Town, Fengliang Town and Puzhai Town in Fengshun County, Meizhou City , Dongliu Town (merged into Liuhuang in 2004) and other towns have Heluo people with a similar cultural background to Chaoshan. They call themselves Chaozhou people because most of these areas were originally under the jurisdiction of Chaozhou Prefecture.

This also includes a large number of Hakkas in the territory, some of whom have become Heluo due to various factors of intermarriage, such as Fengshun Liuhuang Town, Chaoyang Gurao Town, Liangying Town, Huilai County Qian Some Hakkas in Zhanzhen and other towns have completely become Heluo. These are some phenomena of the so-called "Chaozhou people, ancestors of Hakka".

Chaoshan people were also called Chaozhou people in the past. When Han Yu was appointed governor of Chaozhou, the entire Chaoshan area was under the jurisdiction of Chaozhou. Chaoshan people and Hokkien people share the same ancestor. They were all moved by the Han people from the Central Plains during the time of Qin Shihuang. They first moved to Fujian, and later some moved to Chaoshan. Therefore, Chaoshan dialect is very similar to Hokkien and Taiwanese dialects. "Chao" means water, and "Shantou" means a ridge of sand. As can be seen from the name, the Chaoshan area faces the sea with its back to the mountains. Shantou is the head of the ridge, and Shanwei is the tail of the ridge. Regionally, Chaoshan refers to the four cities of Shantou, Shanwei, Chaozhou, and Jieyang on the Chaoshan Plain. It also includes several county-level cities such as Chaoyang (belonging to Shantou) and Puning (belonging to Jieyang).

Chaoyang used to be the largest county in China, but now it is no longer popular. It is divided into Chaoyang District and Chaonan District, which are under the jurisdiction of Shantou. However, Chaoyang has produced many strong men. The richest man in the country, Huang Guangyu, and his brother are from Chaoyang, and the head of Asia Television, Lin Baixin, is also from Chaoyang. Seven of the top ten richest people in Guangdong are from Chaoshan, four of whom are from Chaoyang District. From here we can see that Chaoshan people work hard and are unwilling to be left behind by others and strive for self-improvement. Chaoshan people are famous for their business, and they were known as "Oriental Jews" before Wenzhou people. Chao Gang, Jin Gang and Hui Gang are the three major business gangs in China. Li Ka-shing, the richest Chinese in the world, is from Chaoshan, Huang Guangyu, the richest man in the country, is from Chaoshan, and Zhu Mengyi, the richest man in Guangdong, is from Chaoshan.

In addition, the richest men in Thailand and Singapore are Chaoshan people, and the richest Chinese in Europe, Canada, and Australia are also Chaoshan people. In 2006, two of the top three richest people in China were from Chaoshan, 74 of the top 500 were from Guangdong, and among the 74 in Guangdong, 7 of the top ten were from Chaoshan. There are so many rich people in such a small Chaoshan area, and you can't find another one anywhere in the country. There is a certain reason why Chaoshan people are so rich. A book was recently published called "The Richest Are Trendy Businessmen". You can read it when you have time. I believe you can find some reason. Let’s talk about this later… First let’s talk about what Chaoshan people are. The Chaoshan people are called the 57th ethnic minority in China because they have preserved their regional culture very well. It has its own language - Chaoshan dialect. Its own drama - Teochew opera, its own music - Teochew music, its own food - Chaozhou cuisine, its own celebrities - Chaoshan rich... Chaozhou is one of the first batch of famous historical and cultural cities in the country.

Xiangzi Bridge is one of the four famous bridges in ancient China. Chaoshan folk houses are commonly known as "Four Points of Gold" and "Xiashan Tiger". They are praised by folk experts as more artistic and practical than Beijing courtyard houses. Residential model, Chaozhou cuisine is popular at home and abroad. Chaoshan's unique "Gongfu Tea" inherits and promotes Chinese tea culture. Chaozhou embroidery is one of the most important embroideries in China. Chaozhou ceramics have become popular in the Tang and Song Dynasties. , At present, the ceramic industry is still one of the pillar industries of Chaoshan. Chaozhou music maintains and develops the format of court music of the Tang and Song Dynasties, and is the best choice for people to study ancient music; Chaozhou opera is called Chaozhou opera, and it is one of the important local operas in China. , Chaoshan overseas Chinese have made outstanding achievements in the history of the development of the Chinese nation: Chaoshan people attach great importance to tradition. 9. What is the history of Chaoshan?

1. The word "Chaoshan" once appeared on the administrative division map of Guangdong Province (1949-1952) as an administrative district, and now refers to the area influenced by Chaozhou culture. Human geography concept.

The Chaoshan area is the collective name for the three prefecture-level cities of Shantou, Chaozhou and Jieyang in Guangdong Province. It is located on the coast of eastern Guangdong, at the junction of Guangdong and Fujian, facing Taiwan and the Tropic of Cancer and mainland China. The only place where the coastlines meet is part of the Haixi Economic Zone. 2. Chaoshan is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese with mountains and rivers. It has a rich marine culture and enjoys the reputation of "Zoulu on the Coast" and "Famous Country on the Ridge and Sea". It is the starting point for ancient and modern Chaoshan merchants to go overseas by red-headed boats.

To this day, Chaoshan people are centered on the Chaoshan Plain and are distributed in coastal countries and regions such as Guangdong, Qiong, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, Southeast Asia, Australia, Europe and the United States. They are famous for their hard work, courage to explore, good management, and honesty. It is one of the Han ethnic groups with wide distribution and far-reaching influence in the world. 3. In ancient history, the Chaoshan area was the seat of Jieyang County (Qin and Han Dynasties), Ngee'an County (Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties) and Chaozhou Prefecture/County (from the 11th year of Kaihuang in the Sui Dynasty (591 to the Qing Dynasty)). After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was successively designated as the Chaoshan Prefecture. , Shantou area, under the jurisdiction of Shantou City.

In 1991, Shantou City separated into Chaozhou City and Jieyang City. The three cities are collectively called the "Chaoshan Area". They have the same roots and ancestors, and they are always closely united by saying "love each other".

Because he was originally a citizen of Chaozhou Prefecture, he was also called Chaozhou native.