How to explain the difference between monks and nuns?

Buddhists become nuns. The masses (monks) and the masses (nuns).

The following works are taken from the master's feast.

For monks, nuns and lay people, I'm afraid not many people can clearly understand the original meaning of these three names, although they are very popular names.

The word monk, in China people's mind, is like a monk's identity:' I sit next to the king and walk with beggars'. Noble and humble. How dignified it is to be the owner of a temple in the jungle, called the abbot monk; Because of fear of infertility, this rural fool was also named a monk. How despicable it is to regard the word monk as a common case!

What does a monk mean? Generally speaking, harmony is more precious, or it is more expensive, because Buddhist monks want to live a life of "Six Rivers and Respect", that is, abstinence and fellow initiates, seeing and understanding, benefiting and sharing, living with each other, eloquent and happy, which is the so-called "Six Rivers". So their explanation seems to have a reason.

However, when we trace back to the source and find out the starting point of' monk', the above explanation will be broken.

The word "monk" comes from the pronunciation of western languages. In India, secular doctors generally call it "evil spirits"; In Khotan, it is called "harmonious society" or "Heshuo"; Translated into "Monk" in China (see "Biography" and "Secret Collection"). So in India, there are also monks and monks and nuns (miscellaneous Ahanhan volumes 9.253 and 255, etc. ).

It can be seen that the word monk is not a proper noun of Buddhism, but it does have its basis in Buddhism. According to Buddhist law, hairdressers and missionaries are called Upadhyaya, and the word "harmony" is based on this. The word "monk" is even more wrong in Chinese. It may be the first time to see Chinese.

However, monks are often not used in the law, and' harmony' is used to distinguish it from the corruption of customs, because according to the original intention of Wu Bo Tuoye, it should be translated as pro-teacher. Only after more than ten years of discipline by monks and being familiar with the two laws of monks and nuns can they be qualified to be taught, so it is called Wu Bo Tuoye. This is not only different from the evil spirits commonly known as doctors in India, but also different from the monks misinformed by China-the old monk is an old monk, and the little novice monk is a young monk. Even Amao and dogs may not grow up, but they can also be named monks.

In the Buddhist legal system, a novice monk is called Misha (meaning diligent, forbidding evil and promoting good). He was born at the age of 20 and was forbidden by a monk. He is called a monk (meaning beggar-begging for Buddhism and food. China people misrepresent it as' Derby Kong Qiu, so it is called a monk', which is also a joke). Within five years after being ordained by a monk, he shall not be a tutor; After five years, if you are familiar with the precepts, you can only use what you have learned as a teacher. This is called a model teacher. Sanskrit says Ayaliya leaves, which people recite with teaching. Ten years later, you can be a pro-teacher; Twenty years later, it was called the seat of honor; After 50 years old, they are called the elders of the elderly.

It can be seen that China's use of the word monk is neither fish nor fowl.

The word "nun", also known as "nun" in China, does not meet the requirements of the Buddhist system. A nun means a nun.

It turns out that the Indian pronunciation of ni, which represents women, has a noble meaning and is not limited to Buddhist monks. Buddhist monks and nuns, the young are called Shamini and the old are called monks and nuns, which means monks and nuns.

In China, every unmarried virgin is called a nun, so it is not an insult to call Buddhist Shamini and Bhikuni nuns nuns. Therefore, in Deng Chuan's records, Buddhist virtues tried to call them nuns through their teachers. However, in the records of Tao dropping out of school in the Ming Dynasty, nuns were listed as one of the three aunts and six grandmothers, which meant contempt. Therefore, nuns in Nepal have been reluctant to be called nuns since late.

According to Sanskrit, Ni is a female voice. If you add the word Gu, you become a female aunt. Teaching in words is meaningless. Unlike men, women have female aunts. Are there any male aunts? If you must call a nun, there should be a ratio: female Taoist priests are called Taoist nuns, divination nuns are called divination nuns, and female monks are called Buddhist nuns; At the same time, China people should also call the female monk with wild feet Gu Ye, otherwise, there will be suspicion of favoritism.

The word "lay man" is not exclusive to Buddhism. In China's Book of Rites, the word "golden belt for lay people" has been used, which refers to Chu Shi, a Taoist who means a hermit.

In India, laity is not created by Buddhism. In Sanskrit, laity is called' Jia'. Whether you believe in Buddhism or not, anyone who stays at home can be called a layman.

The origin of Buddhist honorifics for believers at home may come from the Vimalakīrti Sutra, and Vimalakīrti has four honorifics. Convenient products are called elders, manjusri products are called masters and scholars, and bodhisattvas are called laymen. According to the explanations of masters such as Luo Shi, Wise Man and Xuanzang, Vimalakīrti is a lifelong practicing bodhisattva in Acheng Buddha country in the East, indicating that all beings are at home. Therefore, using the word "lay man" to call a Buddhist at home also means being respected as a great bodhisattva.

Thus, the real lay man should be Mahayana Bodhisattva, not Chu Shi or a dusty hermit.

However, in Long Agama, only the third of the four classes is called laity, and the minister who mainly occupies (goods) by the wheel king is called laity's treasure, so laity is equivalent to a businessman, manager or industrialist.

There is no amitabha in the south!