When did Peking Opera and Crosstalk originate respectively?

Chinese Peking Opera is the quintessence of China with a history of 200 years. The name of Peking Opera first appeared in Shenbao in the second year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1876). Historically, it has been called Pihuang, Huang Er, Huang Qiang, Peking Opera, Pingju, National Opera and so on. In the fifty-fifth year of Qing Qianlong (1790), four Anhui Huizhou classes entered Beijing, where they became attached to Kunqu opera, Han opera and Yiyang. Its rich repertoire, the number of performing artists, the number of troupes, the number of audiences and the profound influence are the highest in the country. Peking Opera is a comprehensive performing art, that is, singing (singing), reciting (reciting), acting (acting), fighting (martial arts) and dancing (dancing) are integrated. Through programmed performance means, stories are told, characters are portrayed, and thoughts and feelings of "happiness, anger, sadness, joy, surprise, fear and sadness" are expressed. Roles can be divided into four categories: raw (male), Dan (female), pure (male) and ugly (both male and female). Characters are divided into loyalty, ugliness, good and evil. Every image is vivid in the Han Dynasty! The earliest form is a peddler who walks the streets to buy things! !

Crosstalk originated in Beijing and became popular all over the country. It is generally believed that it was formed during the reign of Xianfeng and Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty. It is a folk art form that makes the audience laugh by telling jokes or interesting questions and answers. It evolved from "Xiang Sheng" in the Song Dynasty. In the later period of Beijing School, crosstalk formed modern characteristics and styles. Mainly in Beijing dialect, there are also "dialect crosstalk" in local dialects. There are more than 360 kinds of local dramas in China. The progress of history and the changes of the times have weakened or even disappeared some operas, and also made some operas grow and develop. According to the origin or popular provinces of traditional Chinese opera:

Beijing: Peking Opera North Kunqu West Road Pingju Peking Opera

Hebei Province: Hebei Bangzi Pingju Sixian Old Tune Hahahaha Tune Hebei Random Play Wuan Pingdiao Wuan Luozi Xidiao Yuxian Yangko Longyao Yangko Dingxian Yangko Four Tone Tang Opera.

Shanxi Province: Bangzi Road, Bangzi Road, Bangzi Shangdang, Bangzi, Gong and Drum, Playing Tongling, Qiu Shangdang, Huang Shangdang, Dangzi, Yongji Daoqing Hongdong Daoqing Linxian Daoqing Jinbei Daoqing Yangko Huguan Yangko Qinyuan Qitai Yangko Shuoxian Yangko Xiaoyi Qiang Quwo Qiang Heizi Play Phoenix Taiwan Opera.

Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region: Man-Han Banquet Table for Two in Inner Mongolia Yangko

Liaoning province: Haicheng trumpet opera, southern Liaoning film, Mongolian opera, colorful lotus drop

Jilin Province: Errenzhuan Opera, Xincheng Opera and Huanglong Opera.

Heilongjiang Province: Longjiang Opera

Shaanxi Province: Shaanxi Wan Wan Opera Shaanxi Old Opera Shaanxi Duangong Shaanxi Daoqing County Banqiang Shaanxi Ancient Painting Opera Ankang Heizi Opera.

Gansu: Gannan Tibetan Opera, Gao Shanju Shadow Play and Dragon Opera.

Qinghai Province: Qinghai Tibetan Opera Qinghai Pingxian Opera

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region: Xinjiang Quzi Opera

Shandong Province: Shandong Bangzi Jujube Bangzi Laiwu Bangzi East Road Bangzi Opera Lu Opera Liu Qiang Wuyin Opera Liuqin Opera has two strings and four tones.

Jiangsu Province: Kunqu Opera, Huai Opera, Yang Opera, Bronze Opera, Xi Opera, Su Ju Opera, Huaihai Opera, Dan Opera, Dingding Opera, Haimen Mountain Opera and Huaihong Opera.

Anhui Province: Huangmei Opera, Huizhou Opera, Qingyang Opera, Western Guangdong Gaoqiang Opera, Anhui Mulian Opera, Anhui Nuo Opera, Lu Opera, Anhui Duangong Opera, Sizhou Opera, Pendant Opera, Gongzi Opera, Wuhu Lichun Opera, Wennan Ci, Southern Anhui Huagu Opera, Fengyang Huagu Opera, Huaibei Huagu Opera, Tui Opera, Xizi Opera and Hongshan Opera.

Shanghai: Shanghai Opera, Humor Opera and Fengxian Mountain Opera.

Zhejiang Province: Yue Opera, Wu Opera, Shao Opera, Xinchang High-pitched Opera, Ninghai Pingdiao, Songyang High-pitched Opera, Wenzhou Kunqu Opera, Jinhua Kunqu Opera, Huangyan, Zhuji, Ou Opera, Hangbang Opera, Yong Opera, Shanghai Opera and Muju Opera.

Jiangxi Province: Jiangxi Opera Yiyang Opera Xu He Opera Donghe Opera Ninghe Opera Ruihe Opera Yihuang Opera Nanchang Tea Picking Opera Gannan Tea Picking Opera Pingxiang Tea Picking Opera Wanzai Lantern Opera Fuzhou Tea Picking Opera Ji 'an Tea Picking Opera Ningdu Tea Picking Opera Gandong Tea Picking Opera Jiujiang Tea Picking Opera Jingdezhen Tea Picking Opera Wuning Tea Picking Opera Gao 'an Tea Picking Opera

Fujian Province: Puxian Opera Liyuan Opera Gaojia Opera Pinghua Opera Fujian Opera Folk Opera Ciming Opera Big Chamber Opera Minxi Hanju North Road Opera Meilin Opera Right Word Nanjian Tune Small Chamber Opera Triangle Opera Minxi Tea Picking Opera Nanci Opera Minxi Folk Song Opera Mi Opera Dacheng Opera Ma Zhu Opera Youchun Play Shoulder Play

Taiwan Province Province: Taiwanese Drama

Guangdong: Cantonese Opera, Chaozhou Opera, Zhengzi Opera, Bai Zixi, Guangdong Han Opera, Xiqin Opera, Hua Chaoxi, Peyo Tea Picking Opera, Lechang Flower Drum Opera, Lei Ju, and Yuexi White Opera.

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region: Guangxi Opera, Yong Opera, Sixian Opera, Guangxi Shigong Opera, Caidiao Niuniang Opera, Guinan Tea Picking Opera, Zhuang Opera, Miao Opera and Dong Opera.

Hainan Province: Qiongju Pro-drama

Hunan Province: xiang opera Qi Opera Changde Han Opera Hengyang xiang opera Baling Opera Changsha Opera Yueyang Opera Changde Opera Xiangxi Yang Yang Opera Shaoyang Ancient Painting Opera Lingling Huagu Opera Shidao Opera Xiangxi Miao Opera Xinhuang Dong Nuo Opera

Hubei Province: Han Opera Jing Hexi South Opera Hubei Yuelu Mountain Huang Er Hubei Gaoqiang Chuju East Road Ancient Painting Opera Huangmei Tea Picking Opera Yangxin Tea Picking Opera Yuan 'an Ancient Painting Opera Xiangyang Ancient Painting Opera Jingzhou Ancient Painting Opera Liang Shantiao Yunyang Ancient Painting Opera Sui County Flower Drum Theatre Opera Quxi Hubei West Liuzi Opera.

Henan Province: Henan Opera, Henan Yuediao, Nanyang Bangzi, Dapingdiao, Huai Bang Opera, Luo Opera, Juan Opera, Henan Quju Opera, Henan Daoqing Opera, Henan Opera and Five Tunes.

Sichuan Province: Sichuan Opera Sichuan Lantern Sichuan Quyi Xiushan Lantern

Yunnan Province: Yunnan Drama Yunnan Lantern Kunming Drama Guansuo Drama Dai Drama Yi Drama Yunnan Zhuang Drama

Guizhou Province: Guizhou Opera Guizhou Local Bangzi Guizhou Lantern Guizhou Dong Opera Guizhou Buyi Opera Guizhou Miao Opera Anshun Local Opera

Xizang Autonomous Region: Tibetan Opera

The above lists 273 popular operas in China, each with its own artistic features, unique representative plays and outstanding performing artists. If you list the artists and representative plays of various operas again, it will really be enough for you to watch for a while.

In short, China opera is a bright pearl in the treasure house of world culture, both in quality and quantity. No matter in China or other countries in the world, this is not controversial.

In addition, among the above-mentioned more than 200 operas, five operas are the most popular and have the largest audience in the past half century, namely Beijing Opera, Pingju Opera, Henan Opera, Yue Opera and Huangmei Opera, which are also called "the five major operas".