What does Mo mean in classical Chinese?

1. What does Mo mean in classical Chinese? The basic definition is no, no, no. Please don't take it amiss. It also means guessing or asking questions, such as Murphy, Murphy. Another last name.

Common words are the same as the ancient "dusk"

Momo

(1) means no, which is equivalent to "[not]"

I don't know. -Liu Tang Zongyuan Three Commandments

Dare not cross the gate. -Liu Tang Zongyuan's Children's Biography

Therefore, you can't know. -Su Song Shi's Shi Zhongshan.

You can't have it. -"Historical Records Biography of Wei Gongzi"

Another example: Mo's (no); Love can't help; Be at a loss; Can't do anything (or say nothing); Nothing to do (nothing to do with them); Mo or (no); Helpless (helpless)

② Indicates a warning. Don't; No; cannot

Mochow has no bosom friend before her. -Don't move big, by Tang Gao Shi.

Don't use public opinion. -Purple Tongzhi Sword

Another example: no one can get in; Not strange (not strange); Don't teach (stop teaching); Maud (Hud,No.); Mo Dao (Hugh said, stop talking)

(3) express speculation. Maybe; About; Is it like: impossible (possible); Mo Cheng (Murphy, unless); Mo is (Mo is; Maybe); Xu Mo (maybe)

Part of speech change

Momi

(1) Tongguan "membrane". Thin skin tissue inside an organism.

The brains burst and the claws were barren. -Biography of Korean Poetry (volume 10)

(2) Enter the "desert". Desert [desert]

The capital is gold. -Guoyu Yujin

(3) Pass the "curtain". Shogunate era

Books on Mohist Literature —— Historical Records and Biography of Li.

(4) dredge "dysentery". Pain, disease

Look around and ask people for help. -Poetic elegance and Emperor Yi

Words are too long for the people. -Poetry, elegance and board

Momi

"Move"

(1) Pass "Mo". Mobi painting

The rank is too high for a saint. -Poetry Xiao Ya Qiao Yan

2 pass "old". incision

Knife can be made of iron, but the blade is idle.

(3) pass the "eye". To yearn for.

The gentleman in the world is at a loss, and there is no Mo Ye.

shape

(1) Connect "Desert". A vast desert

The vast world of Mo-the vagrancy of Zhuangzi.

(2) crossing the "desert". silent

Mo Tian didn't see the bird, and then turned back. -small tube Kuang

2. What does Mo mean in classical Chinese? There are both pronouns and adverbs.

First, the pronoun "Mo" is a negative pronoun, which can act as a subject alone, and has the function of referring to people and things, indicating "no one", "nothing" and "nothing". Example: (1) I don't know anything! ("The Analects? Xian Wen) (2) Ren Jun, Mo Ren; Yi Jun, all justice.

("Mencius? On Li Lou) (3) I have an old father, and I can't support him when I die. ("All done?" Five thorns ") (4) Protecting the people as kings is irresistible.

("Mencius? Hui Liang Wang Shang ") (5) The world, is it the king's land? (The Book of Songs? Xiaoya? Beishan ") (6) It is impossible to suffer from three diseases, and the body is often innocent.

("Zhuangzi? No one has made mistakes, but it can be corrected and it is not good. ("Zuo zhuan? Regarding the antecedent before the word "Mo" in examples (5) and (6), Mr. Zhu thinks: "The word" Mo "and its antecedent * * * are both subjects, and the word" Mo "refers to a part of it."

We don't agree with this view. Mr. Yang Shuda pointed out that the antecedent of "Mo" is a noun that omits the middle word, because the antecedent of "Mo" is not a subject, but an adverbial that limits the scope of what "Mo" denies and refers to, and it is a definite solution.

Jia Yanli (1997) filmed "Unjust Ministers" ("Warring States Policy? Chu Ce) opposes "mo" as a pronoun, and thinks that if "mo" is a pronoun, then "mo" means "vassal", and then the two constitute appositive elements, but in fact they do not have the conditions for appositive elements. Because appositive elements can be omitted and the meaning remains unchanged; Moreover, no other elements can be inserted between the two, which is a contradiction against the pronoun "mo"

From Mr. Wang's point of view, we can clearly see that "Mo", as a pronoun, does contain the referential meaning of "vassal" in grammatical sense; However, in grammatical structure, they do not constitute appositive elements, because "prince" does not act as the subject, but as an adverbial of "mo", which limits the scope of its reference and negation. It should be emphasized that "Mo", as a pronoun, has both referential and negative functions.

This can explain why "mo" has the function of putting pronouns before objects after predicates. Specifically, the referential function of "Mo" makes it the subject, while its negative function makes the sentence with "Mo" as the subject have the characteristics of a negative sentence, so the pronoun object can be prepositioned.

This refutes Mr. Zhou Shengya's view that "Mo" can only be used as a negative adverb as a preposition object of a postposition pronoun (China Chinese No.4, 1964). Second, "Mo" as an adverb "Mo" as an adverb has a long history. As an adverb, "Mo" is quoted in Dong's Collection of Function Words in Two Weeks, and also used in Guoyu, The Book of Songs and other books.

Subdivided, there are negative adverbs, forbidden adverbs and interrogative adverbs indicating degree. Such as: (8) Jose violated the rules, so he dared not or hesitated.

("Poetry? Zhao Nan? Yin Qikun) (9) Shuo Shuo Shuo, I am here without food. I have served you hard for years, but you don't care about me.

("Poetry? Feng Wei? People in Shuo (10) know one, but not the others. ("Poetry? Xiaoya? Xiao Min) (1 1) The early photos are all gone.

("Zuo zhuan? Six years of public mourning) (12) Virtue and sound do not violate, and mutually assured destruction. ("Poetry? Hurricane? Gu Feng) (13) Don't be a thief! Don't kill anyone.

("Zhuangzi? Zeyang ") (14)*** Go to Mao Gang, don't think it is admirable; Don't treat it as profit except money. ("Han Shu? Biography of Wang Mang (middle) (15), is Mo Wu still human? ("The Analects? "Shuer") (16) Yang is not gram, but will it accumulate? ("Zuo zhuan? Twenty-four years in Zhao Gong) (17) Is Mo really not talented? (Collected Works of the Changes of the Han Tombs and Dunhuang, page 36) The above examples (8)~( 1 1) indicate the negation of "mo", which is used before the verb and is the same as "no".

Example (12)~( 13) "Mo" is used before "violation" and "behavior" respectively, indicating prohibition or dissuasion, which is the same as "don't". Example (14) "Mo" and "Bu" appear in opposition, indicating that they are negative adverbs.

The usage of "Mo" in examples (15)~( 17) is rare in pre-Qin literature, and there are only sporadic use cases. About "Mo" as a verb "Mo" as a verb was put forward by Mr. Wang, and there are two sets of sentences to prove it: (18) What makes people feel worse than the dead, and what can they do for the patients?

("Mencius? Gao Zishang) (19) The people's haggard is not worse than at this time. ("Mencius? "Gongsun Chou") (20) Life is what I want, and I want more than the living, so I don't want it; If there is nothing more in disgust than death, what can be done to avoid evil that can be used to escape evil?

("Mencius? Gao Zishang) (2 1) If people want nothing but life, then those who can live don't need it; Make people worse than the dead, then whoever can cure the disease will be powerless. ("Mencius? Gaozishang) Literally, the example (18) (19) where "mo" corresponds to "No" does not actually constitute a corresponding relationship.

Because we know that in the sentence of "Wei", "You … Zhe" is a fixed structure in ancient Chinese, which indicates the existence of people or things and cannot be disassembled. "Wei" is an adverb, which denies the following structure.

Similarly, the usage of example (20) is the same as that of example (19). To sum up, we can draw the following conclusions: 1. In ancient Chinese, "Mo", as a negative pronoun, can be used as the subject, meaning "nobody", "nothing" and "nothing".

2. "Mo" can also be used as an adverb, indicating negation, prohibition or measurement, or as an adverbial. 3. "Mo" is sometimes preceded by a antecedent, but generally it is not the subject, but the adverbial of "Mo", which limits the negative scope of "Mo".

4. "Mo" can't be a verb. (Yang Hui of Nanjing Normal University College).

3. High school Chinese, the necessary classical Chinese 120, meaning "Mo". Excuse me, the words "ink" and "eye" here are ancient and modern characters, not common words! It is a low-level mistake to think that "Mo Twilight" is a festival, which has long been ridiculed by overseas mysteries.

The concept of ancient and modern characters, Baidu Encyclopedia has entries, not detailed.

The existing characters in ancient times were later created. The former is called ancient script and original script, while the latter is called modern script and post script. The word "Mo" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions is a knowing word, with grass above and below and the sun in the middle, indicating that the sky is getting late in the sunset grass, so the original meaning of "Mo" is "evening" and extended to "late stage", such as "Mo Chun" and "Mo Nian". Here, Mo is pronounced Mi.

Later, "Mo" was used as a negative word (pronounced mò) to mean "nobody" and "don't", so a word "twilight" was coined to mean "evening". "Twilight" is a pictophonetic word, which means there is no sound from the sun. Therefore, Mo Chun and Mo Nian later wrote Late Spring and Old Age.

Therefore, the word Mo Mu has nothing to do with common words. Both the meaning of "dusk" and "mo" can be used to solve riddles.

For example, Mr. Bouineau:

Ye Songshi's Epitaph of Mrs. Yu: "Later, it was supplemented by the outside world, and many people lamented that it was not enough, and Mrs. Yu was not tolerant."

Xu Mingwei's Ju Fu: "If you are thick, you will be thick. If you are late, you will be late. Why resign in the last year?"

Let's give another example to supplement the evidence:

Lu You's poem Self-mockery;

Read less poetry books, humble Han and Tang dynasties, and don't send agriculture and mulberry all your life. ...

Lu You's "Mo Year" here is "twilight year".

The general idea of these two poems by Lu You is:

Teenagers are poetic and ambitious, but in their twilight years they can only devote themselves to farming and mulberry fields.

I want to use this post to express my absolute support for Mr. Buyo!

PS:

When reading the word "rice", copy the dictionary's explanation of the word "mo" in case there are different opinions:

no

mù

ㄇㄨˋ

"Ji Yun" is not so cut, but it is clear. 〕

The ancient word "dusk".

1. At sunset, at dusk.

Book of rites? Biography: "Therefore, parents' funeral is not just eating porridge, but also scattering rice in the morning."

Song Yan Dao Ji wrote in his poem "recent love": "Don't make empty promises in the morning, but no one can solve the pain."

Yuan Sadula's poem "Looking Back at the Phoenix Terrace" says: "The lotus leaf temple on the Moyu Loutai, the autumn wind drums and horns move to the border town."

Time is running out.

"Poetry? Zhou Wei? Chen Gong: "Hehe Jie Bao, Mo Wei Spring. "

Zheng Xuan wrote: "Mo, it's late."

Song Sushi's Book with Lin Tianhe and the Chief Executive (22): "Not old, not loving, undeclared." See "Mo Ye".

3. dim.

Xunzi? Xiang Cheng: "Confusion is not the ultimate."

Yang Xu's Note: "Mo, obscure and dark."

4. Rumex. A wild vegetable.

"Poetry? Feng Wei? " "Sub-sentence Training": "He has sub-sentence training, and his words are mo. "

Zheng Xuan wrote: "Mo, food is also."

Lu: "Mo, the stem is as big as a bamboo pole, with red nodes and leaves, like willow leaves, thick and long, with burrs. People nowadays are trying to grow cocoons. Its taste is moist and smooth. At first, it can be drunk as soup or eaten raw. The five parties know that acid fans, Jizhou people call it dry, and rivers and marshes call it mo. " See Ma's Qing Poetry Talk, Volume 10, Notes on Mao Poetry Talk.

5. Pass the "curtain". See "Mofu".

6. preach "mu". Greed.

The Analects of Confucius? "Standing Man": "A gentleman is also in the world, and there is no Mo Ye."

Lu Deming explained: "Mo, Zheng,. Not greedy. "