The author and the whole poem "Wait until Shan Ye holiday, I will come back in chrysanthemum season"

meng haoran

This old friend prepared a delicious meal and invited me to his hospitable farm.

Green Woods surround the village and green hills are located outside the city.

Open the window facing the valley vegetable garden and pass the glass to talk about crops.

Please come here to see chrysanthemums when the ninth festival comes.

1. Pass: visit, visit, visit. 2. Equipment: preparation. 3. Close: Surround. 4. Guo: This refers to the city wall, and this refers to the village. 5. Nursery: farmers' small yard. 6. Just: Go ahead. The meaning here is appreciation. 7. to: to. 8. Xuan: refers to the window. 9. Chrysanthemum: refers to drinking chrysanthemum wine.

My old friend prepared yellow rice and roast chicken and invited me to his simple home.

Outside the village is surrounded by a circle of green trees, and the suburbs are covered with green hills.

Pushing open the window, we faced the fields and nurseries in Sang Ma, drinking wine and chatting about farming.

Wait until the Double Ninth Festival in September, and then come to drink and enjoy chrysanthemums!

My old friend killed the chicken, stewed the rice and invited me to his house.

Walking into the village is like walking into another world. What a beautiful painting-

Dense green trees surround the village, and a green hill leans faintly outside the battlements.

The host warmly welcomed me into the room, opened the window and opened the chatterbox.

Facing the grain fields piled with gold and the vegetable gardens dripping with green, we drank the wine in the village and talked about Sang Ma.

To go, I still want to stay, full of friendship:

In autumn, when the Double Ninth Festival is crisp in autumn, I will come to taste the chrysanthemum again.

Meng Haoran (AD 689 ~ 740) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. Xiangyang Xiangzhou (now Xiangfan, Hubei) Xiangyang is known as Meng Xiangyang in the world. In the first half of my life, I mainly stayed at home to study and adapted my own poems. Once lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain.

I lived in seclusion for a while and wanted to make a difference, so I went to Chang 'an to look for opportunities. His poems were highly praised, and his fame spread all over the capital for a while. Unfortunately, there are many obstacles in official career, and it has never been valued by the court. Meng Haoran was badly hit and had to return to Lumen Mountain in frustration and travel all over the mountains and rivers. After that, I had one or two opportunities, but unfortunately I failed to display my talents.

In 740 AD, his good friend Wang Changling came to Xiangyang. At this time, Meng Haoran had gangrene on his back and had basically recovered. The doctor warned him not to eat fish and shrimp, but his old friends got together and drank and chatted. He was so happy that Meng Haoran forgot the taboo and ate fresh fish. The virus broke out and died. Live to be fifty-two years old.

Meng Haoran's poems are mostly five-character short stories with limited themes. He writes more about landscapes, pastoral areas, seclusion and travel. Although it is not without cynicism, it is more of a poet's self-expression. He and Wang Wei also said that although his poems were not as broad as Wang's, they had unique artistic attainments, and he was the pioneer of the pastoral poetry school in Tang Dynasty after Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun and Xie Tiao. Meng Ke's poems are unpretentious, cordial and true, full of life and Miaomiao's self-satisfied interest. Such as "Autumn Boasts Send Zhang Wu", "Passing the Old Village" and "Spring Dawn", which are light and elegant, integrated and elegant. Meng's poems are based on broad-mindedness and broad-mindedness, but there is also a vigorous and free spirit, such as Dongting Lake Newspaper, Clouds and Clouds, and Yueyang City Trapped, all of which are vigorous and free, overlooking everything. But this kind of poem is rare in Meng's poems. Generally speaking, the content of Meng's poems is thin, and it is inevitable to be embarrassed by the length. Meng Haoran's Popular Collection contains 263 poems, but some of them are the works of others. All the old and new books in the Tang Dynasty have been circulated.

Shen Deqian called Meng Haoran's poems "light but not light" (Tang poetry). In other words, when reading Meng Shi, we should appreciate its inner charm through its faint appearance. Passing through the Old Village is not the lightest of Meng's poems, but its description is plain, the language is clean, and there are almost no exaggerated sentences and exciting words, which can also be regarded as "light to see poetry" (Meng Haoran of Wen Yiduo). Where is its poetry?

"Prepare chicken and rice for me, old friend. You entertain me on your farm." This beginning is like a note in a diary. The old friend "invited" and I "arrived". There is no rendering in the text, it is simple and casual. This is just a possible form between friends who don't need to be polite. The invitation of "chicken and millet" not only shows the unique flavor of Tianjia, but also shows the simplicity of hospitality. It is this kind of hospitality without ceremony and ostentation and extravagance that makes the hearts of friends more open to each other. This beginning is calm and natural, but it is an excellent introduction to the content of life to be developed, showing the characteristics of the atmosphere, which needs to be further enriched and developed below.

"We look at the green trees around your village and the pale blue of the distant mountains." It is a fresh and pleasant feeling to walk into the village and look around. These two sentences are close to the border and surrounded by green trees, which seem to be unique and unique. The next sentence is light, accompanied by green hills abroad, which makes the village not lonely and shows a broad prospect. The village is located in Pingchou, far away from Qingshan, which makes people feel light and quiet, and never lonely. It is precisely because the "Old Friends Village" appeared in such a natural and social environment that the guests and guests raised their glasses at the window. "Let's open your window across the garden and fields and talk about Sang Ma with a cup in hand" is even more enjoyable. The word "open porch" here seems to be inadvertently written into the poem, but the above two sentences are written on the outer wall of the village. Here, the narrator drinks and chats in the house. The porch window is open, and the outdoor is reflected indoors, giving people a relaxed feeling. For these two sentences, people pay more attention to "talking about Sang Ma" and think that it is "meeting each other without miscellaneous words" (Tao Yuanming's Return to the Countryside). It's good to forget about farming. But there are threshing floors and vegetable gardens in front of the entrance window, surrounded by green shade, giving people a spacious and stretched feeling. Sang Ma makes you feel more rural. Therefore, we can not only appreciate the stronger local flavor, the flavor of labor production, but also smell the soil flavor on the nursery, see the growth and harvest of crops, and even see the characteristics of regions and seasons. With the combination of these two sentences and the first two sentences, green trees, green hills, cottages, playgrounds and Sang Ma blend together harmoniously, forming a beautiful and quiet pastoral landscape, while the laughter of the host and guest and the words about Sang Ma seem to linger in our ears. It is different from the pure fantasy of the Peach Blossom Garden, but it is more realistic in the prosperous Tang society. It is in this world that poets who once lamented that "the Lord of the realm is harsh on us, and the people who handle affairs are not like us" not only forgot the setbacks encountered in political pursuit, but also forgot the gains and losses of fame and fortune, even the lonely and depressed mood in seclusion. It seems not hard to imagine that his thoughts are relaxed, and even his actions are flexible, from his view of mountains and rivers, from his * * * words about wine with friends in Sang Ma. The environment and atmosphere of the farm showed its conquest here, which made Meng Haoran seem to be converted.

Wait until the mountain is on holiday, and I'll come back at chrysanthemum time. Meng Haoran was deeply attracted by farm life, so when he left, he told his master frankly that he would come back to see chrysanthemums on the Double Ninth Festival in autumn. A few simple poems, the enthusiasm of old friends to treat each other, the pleasure of being a guest, and the cordial harmony between the host and the guest are all on the paper. This can't help but remind people of Du Fu's "being drunk by Tianfu mud is beautiful, strict and sincere": "When will the bright moon start, I will stay, and I still want to be promoted." Du's father supports people, and he is in a hurry; Montessori made an appointment with an old friend again to soften his words. The difference between the stagnation and Meng's calmness may give us a glimpse of some news.

An ordinary farm, an ordinary dinner of chicken and millet is so poetic. It describes the prospect of the eyes, and the level of description is completely natural in spoken language. The pen and the pen are very relaxed, and even the form of rhythmic poetry is free and flexible. You only think that this brisk and approachable style is in line with the simple peasant countryside he described, which shows that the form and content are highly adapted, but they are calm and kind, but not dull. Plain contains deep affection. On the one hand, although there is almost no trace of strenuous exercise in every sentence, on the other hand, there has never been weakness in every sentence. For example, the first two sentences of the poem only write the invitation of friends, but they can show the simple peasant atmosphere; Three or four sentences only write green trees and green mountains, but you can see a world; Five or six sentences only write wine gossip, but they can show the comfortable fit between mood and environment; Seven or eight sentences only say that Chongyang will come again, but naturally they show their attachment to this village and old friends. These sentences are balanced and even, and together with * * *, they form a complete artistic conception, which combines quiet and beautiful pastoral scenery with simple and sincere friendship. This is the so-called "ingenious pen gives birth to flowers, but there is no syntax" (Shen Deqian's Tang poetry). "Don't hook the strange, strange ... if the public is lost, it will be a coincidence and misfortune" (Pi Rixiu's Yunzhou Meng Ting Ji). He deeply integrated artistic beauty into the flesh and blood of the whole poem, which seemed natural and natural. This kind of showmanship is not dazzling, not showing off skills, not only relying on one or two carefully crafted sentences to prop up the facade, but also reflecting the superb artistic level. For example, a beautiful woman, her beauty is perfect and holistic, not because a certain part is particularly touching. Instead of putting on airs, she was amazed by a natural color and charm. It is precisely because of the true reflection that the words are scattered and pure, which makes the whole poem show its charm from "light touch" without "heavy makeup"

Chrysanthemum, a famous flower in China, is also a famous flower with long life. During the first frost, only this kind of grass flourished. Because of its unique character, chrysanthemum has become a symbol of vitality.

As early as in Qu Yuan's works, there was a saying that "autumn chrysanthemum leaves the English for dinner", that is, eating chrysanthemum petals. Chrysanthemum wine existed in the Han Dynasty. Wei Shi once gave chrysanthemum to Zhong Wu in Chongyang, wishing him a long life. Ge Hong of the Jin Dynasty recorded in Bao Puzi that there was a family in Nanyang Mountain, Henan Province, who lived a long life because of drinking the sweet valley water full of chrysanthemums. In Liang's "Picking Chrysanthemums", there is a saying that "under the east fence of picking chrysanthemums, picking pearls tells each other that the morning dew is wet", which is also a move of picking chrysanthemums to make wine. Until the Ming and Qing Dynasties, chrysanthemum wine was still very popular, and it was still recorded in Gao Lian's Eight Chapters of Respect for Life in the Ming Dynasty. This is a popular health drink.

On the Double Ninth Festival, China has the traditional custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine. Chrysanthemum wine, in ancient times, was regarded as the "auspicious wine" that Chongyang must drink to eliminate disasters and pray for blessings.

Chrysanthemum wine brewing in China was popular as early as the Han and Wei Dynasties. According to "Miscellanies of Xijing", "Chrysanthemums are suitable, stems and leaves are harvested, and miscellaneous millet is brewed. If you cook it on September 9 next year, you can drink it immediately, so it is called chrysanthemum wine. "

Tao Yuanming of Jin Dynasty also said that "wine can cure all diseases and chrysanthemum can cure aging". Later, drinking chrysanthemum wine gradually became a folk custom, especially on the Double Ninth Festival. "The Chronicle of Jingchu" records that "on September 9th, Pei Yun ate lotus ears and drank chrysanthemum wine, and lived a long life."

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, chrysanthemum wine was added with a variety of herbs, and the effect was better. The preparation method comprises juicing Flos Chrysanthemi, brewing with yeast and rice, or adding Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis and Fructus Lycii.

Chrysanthemum wine has high medicinal value, because it can disperse wind and heat, nourish liver and improve eyesight, diminish inflammation and detoxify. Li Shizhen, a medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty, pointed out that chrysanthemum has the efficacy of "treating head wind, clearing eyes and ears, removing fistula and treating all diseases".

In ancient times, chrysanthemum wine was specially brewed for the Double Ninth Festival in the first year. On September 9th, the budding chrysanthemums and a little green branches and leaves were picked, mixed with grain for brewing, and then used together to make wine for drinking on September 9th of the following year. It is said that drinking this wine can prolong life. From a medical point of view, chrysanthemum wine can improve eyesight, cure dizziness, lower blood pressure, lose weight, lose weight, tonify liver qi, regulate stomach and nourish blood. This is a festive season, autumn is crisp, chrysanthemums are in full bloom, and the windows are golden. In addition to climbing the mountain and inserting dogwood, relatives and friends also invited each other to drink chrysanthemum wine and enjoy yellow flowers. They really had a good time. Poets, in particular, admire chrysanthemums, drink wine and recite poems as a reward, leaving many good sentences for future generations.

Because of chrysanthemum wine, Chongyang became bacchanalia who offered sacrifices to Dionysus. For example, according to the introduction of "Shandong Folk Double Ninth Festival", Shandong Brewery worships the god of jars on the Double Ninth Festival, and the god of jars is Du Kang. In Maotai Town, Renhuai County, Guizhou Province, medicinal materials are used to make wine every year. Legend has it that good wine is brewed because of the strength of 1999 Yang. Whenever the wine is brewed for the first time, the boss lights incense sticks at the place where the "God of Du Kang's Ancestor" is affixed, and places offerings to pray for the smooth brewing (see "Folklore of China Taking Britain"). In Ningyuan, Hunan Province, on September 9th every year, "chong yang wine must compete for wine celebration". These customs show that Chongyang has a deep relationship with wine.