Why Liezi is a fake book?

Liezi is a very important work in the pre-Qin period, which has a far-reaching influence on philosophy, literature, science and technology and religion in later generations. However, this book is quite unlucky in modern times. Yao Jiheng's Textual Research on Ancient and Modern Fake Books in Qing Dynasty identified Liezi as a fake book for the first time, and its successors became more and more fierce. Mr. Liang Rengong, a master of modern academic circles, said in the book "The Authenticity and Age of Ancient Books": "There is a book that is completely false and its fault is even greater. Academic background is all messed up. For example, Liezi was compiled by Zhang Zhan, the author of Liezi Note in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, who collected Taoist characters. " "If you don't know its origin, you mistakenly think that it is really written by Lieyu, and according to its similarities and differences, Liezi is more profound than Zhuangzi, which is a big joke." On the basis of predecessors, Mr. Ma Xulun made textual research on Liezi's fake books, and put forward 20 pieces of evidence that Liezi was a fake book. Results Most people in academic circles agree with Mr. Ma that Liezi is a fake book. Moreover, in recent years, it has become increasingly fierce. Many monographs on the history of literature and philosophy simply don't mention Liezi, sentence him to death and expel him from the qualification of ancient books. Of course, reading must first distinguish between authenticity and falsehood, which has long been academic knowledge. However, people often only pay attention to the harm of "confusing the real with the fake" and ignore the harm of "confusing the real with the fake". Taking legal conviction as an analogy, if you don't distinguish fake books, it is equivalent to conniving at sinners; If the real thing is regarded as a fake book, it is equivalent to wronged innocent people, and the consequences are more serious than the former. Then take the analogy of employing people. If the villain is misused, it is definitely bad. But if people with both ability and political integrity are regarded as villains, they will lose their talents and fail to achieve great things. Regarding the consequences of killing Liezi with a stick as a fake book, Mr. Ma Da's analysis of the authenticity of Liezi can be summarized into six aspects: 1, which reversed the chronological order academically, obliterated the role of Liezi in connecting the past with the future after Laozi, and made the development of Taoism in pre-Qin dynasty unclear; 2. Mistake Guixu School in Warring States as a decadent celebrity in Western Jin Dynasty; 3, obliterating the original four-stage theory of universe generation put forward by Liezi; 4. The celestial body movement theory, the earth movement theory and the infinite universe theory in Liezi were obliterated, which were much earlier than the similar theories in the West; 5. Ignoring the precious pre-Qin historical materials such as myths and legends, music history and acrobatic history preserved in Liezi; 6. Ignoring Liezi's pioneering work of creating the romantic style of integrating fable and philosophy. That is to say, it has a bad influence on the study of the history of philosophy, science and technology and literature and art in China, which is the harm of "taking the truth as false". Personally, I think that the bold spirit of suspecting the ancient thoughts and the style of study that pays attention to textual research have really played a role in emancipating the mind, and its achievements are obvious to all, which has promoted academic prosperity and progress. But we must never create new ideological shackles, especially the view of modern skepticism school that "it is better to doubt the past and lose it, but not to trust the past and lose it" seems too biased.