If Ah Q described by Lu Xun lived in modern society, would he avoid the tragedy of unjust death?

I watched the feature film The True Story of Ah Q starring Yan Shunkai and revisited the original novel of the same name by Lu Xun. At the end of the novel, Ah Q was thrown into prison by the magistrate and the general manager, put on the execution ground and shot. At that moment, I suddenly thought of a problem. If Ah Q lives in modern society, can he avoid the tragedy of unjust death?

In The True Story of Ah Q, after Grandpa Zhao's house was robbed, Grandpa Zhao framed others and insisted that Ah Q colluded with the robbers. Later, the general manager led troops to take Ah Q away from Tugu Temple in the middle of the night and put him in the county jail. Next, the magistrate of a county interrogated Ah Q.

Li Changyu, a famous expert in criminal evidence collection, once said a famous saying: "Let the evidence speak for itself when handling a case." However, in the above process, the magistrate and the general manager did not show any evidence to Ah Q, and were arrested in prison without physical evidence and witness. According to the principle of "no doubt" in modern society, even if Zhao Gonggong has the right to have reasonable doubts about Ah Q, the prosecution (magistrate of a county and Ba Zong) can only arrest and interrogate Ah Q if they have some evidence.

Therefore, in modern society, innocent citizens must not be put in prison because of a word from the rich.

Of course, if such a thing really happens, this innocent citizen will have many opportunities to save him from the same fate as Ah Q.

When the magistrate interrogated Ah Q, he used threats and inducements, saying, "To tell the truth, there is no loss. I already know. I can let you go if I recruit you. " At the same time, the magistrate of a county took advantage of Ah Q's confused thinking and low language ability to play puns, which made him unconsciously fall into the trap set by himself: admit that he was an accomplice of a robber.

During the whole trial, Ah Q thought he was on trial because he wanted to rebel, but in fact he was sentenced to gang robbery. In order not to let Ah Q wake up, the magistrate of a county deliberately didn't tell him the charges.

At the end of the trial, the magistrate of a county took advantage of Ah Q's ignorance of judicial procedures and played a trick and asked kindly, "Do you have anything to say?" Ah Q didn't know that he could retract his confession and ask for a retrial before the final judgment, but only vaguely replied, "No". In this way, Ah Q acted as if he had accepted the death sentence, thus losing the last chance to defend himself.

We know that Ah Q is a farmer who can't even write his own name. Without enough social experience, he will naturally be easily played by the magistrate and the general manager. Moreover, under the playing of the magistrate and the general manager, the superficial procedure of the whole case is not too flawed.

In modern society, in order to prevent similar situations, criminal suspects have the right to hire lawyers to help them in litigation. If the suspect can't afford a lawyer, the judicial organ will arrange a lawyer for the suspect and provide him with judicial assistance. Under the arrangement of this judicial system, criminal suspects can protect their legitimate rights and interests to the maximum extent and avoid such obvious unjust cases as Ah Q.

Moreover, modern society is very cautious about the death penalty. Even if Ah Q is really a member of the gang robbery, with all the physical evidence, he is just an accessory with no criminal record. In the case that the remaining principal offenders have not been arrested, the accessory will not be sentenced to death as the most severe punishment.

At the same time, all countries with the death penalty in the world, including China, generally have a death penalty review system. According to this system, even death penalty cases that have passed the final review must go through the death penalty review procedure. Only death sentences that have been reviewed and approved will take legal effect. This is the last procedure to prevent unjust and false cases.