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Influence of Emotional Adjustment on College Students' Mental Health

I. Emotion, Emotion Regulation and Emotion Regulation Strategies

Emotion is an important aspect of human psychology. The power of emotions and people's attempts to regulate emotions are common phenomena in daily life, and they are also an indispensable part of daily life. It is generally believed that emotions include basic emotions and complex emotions. Ezard pointed out that there are 8 basic emotions, such as happiness, surprise, anger, sadness, fear, disgust, interest, shyness, contempt and guilt. Complex emotions (such as depression) are a mixture of many basic emotions.

Emotional adjustment is a process in which individuals manage, adjust and integrate to change their (or others') emotions. In this process, emotions have undergone certain changes in subjective feelings, expressive behaviors and physiological reactions through certain behavioral strategies and mechanisms.

Emotional regulation strategy is based on emotional regulation. Scholars have not only studied the types of emotional regulation strategies, but also paid attention to the individual differences of emotional regulation strategies and their effects on cognition, social behavior and mental health.

As for the adult's emotional adjustment strategy, the early research mainly focused on the adjustment of negative emotions and moods, mainly through open questionnaires, individual interviews, seminars and other ways to understand how to adjust one's emotions when one is depressed.

Some foreign scholars have found that the frequency of emotional adjustment is thinking about reasons, diverting attention, positive behavior and listening to music when studying the behavior of avoiding depression. When comparing the effectiveness of these methods, it is considered that positive behaviors such as social support, thinking about reasons, attention shift, religious activities and exercise are more common and effective.

Foreign scholars also collected more than 100 different ways of emotion regulation through questionnaires, interviews and literature retrieval, and preliminarily summarized four kinds of emotion regulation strategies: avoidance (shifting attention from emotions or objects of concern), dispersion (looking for alternative attention and action focus), facing (active activities towards emotions and objects of concern) and acceptance (passively giving and accepting results).

Second, the emotional characteristics of college students

The college stage is the second "psychological weaning period" of life, and it is a period of great concern for self, emphasis on individual expression, rich emotional experience and emotional ups and downs. The common emotions of college students are: happiness, interest, shame, guilt, shyness, sadness, surprise, hostility, anger, contempt, disgust, fear and so on. The mood of college students has the following characteristics:

1, emotional richness. From the development of self-awareness, college students have more self-experience, strong self-esteem needs, and are easy to feel inferior and conceited. From the social point of view, the communication scope of college students is expanding day by day, and there are frequent exchanges among classmates, friends and teachers. Some college students have begun to fall in love, and their emotions are more delicate and complicated. Through various activities, college students learn about society and social morality, and have a deeper thinking about their identity, role, ambition and value, and develop their sense of reason, beauty and collective honor.

2. Emotional instability. Because college students' outlook on life and values have not been completely finalized, their cognitive ability needs to be improved. Their emotional activities are often intense but not lasting, and change with the change of cognitive standards. Emotional change is a common phenomenon of college students' emotions, which may be a storm after a calm. College students' emotions tend to go from one extreme to the other. When they are happy, they get carried away and look at everything pleasing to the eye. When they are depressed, they are disheartened, uncomfortable and emotionally unstable.

3. hide your emotions. With the improvement of knowledge level and the enrichment of ideological connotation, college students are more obscure in emotional reflection. They have the ability to suppress and control their anger, sadness and other emotions in specific situations, but conceal their true emotions, forming the characteristics that their external performance is inconsistent with their internal experience. They will express their emotions according to certain conditions, such as being obviously bored with one thing or one person, but for various reasons, they may show a good or indifferent attitude.

4. Emotional impulse. Some psychologists describe youth as a period of "violent winds and waves". College students' emotions are often expressed quickly and strongly, and they are often excited and full of lofty sentiments because of a trivial matter. The impulsiveness of college students' emotions is generally manifested in their dissatisfaction with the external environment or others, their emotions are out of control, and their words and actions are extremely aggressive. If it is not guided, it will bring harm to college students themselves and society.

Third, college students' mental health status and main problems

Favorite college students, as the hope of the country and future talents, are full of confidence and vitality in the exam. However, due to the accelerated pace of life, the pressure of competition is increasing, and the psychological load is getting heavier and heavier. According to the statistics of Nanjing Brain Hospital, 90% of more than 2,200 psychological consultation clinics are college students. A survey of 12 1600 college students by the State Education Commission shows that 20 1.3% of them have psychological problems. A survey of 50,000 college students in Tianjin found that 26% of them had psychological problems. Yunnan Normal University found that 26 17% had psychological problems. According to the statistics of universities in Beijing 16, the number of dropouts due to mental illness is increasing year by year.

At present, the common psychological problems of college students are mainly manifested in the following aspects:

1, environmental adaptation. 10 studying hard in the cold window, college students who have just entered the university campus often feel "good about themselves." However, after a period of comparison, it is found that after "the weather is unpredictable" and "the stronger hand is unpredictable", not only will the self-feeling suddenly disappear, but also a strong sense of loss will occur. Some students are facing new challenges.

If our living environment, new groups and new ways of learning cannot be adjusted in time, problems such as insomnia, forgetfulness, trance and reticence will occur. Long-term depression, listlessness and depression will eventually lead to depression, anxiety and other psychological diseases.

2. Coordination of interpersonal relationships. Contemporary college students have a strong personality, emphasize self-awareness, do not know how to communicate with others, do not know the skills and principles of interpersonal communication, and often take themselves as the center when dealing with problems, and are strict with others and lax with themselves. Some college students are reluctant to associate with others, narcissistic, lacking overall awareness and team spirit, not good at cooperating with others, and poor in interpersonal coordination. Some college students are not good at coordinating interpersonal relationships and have poor cooperation ability, so they are not welcomed by the unit and cannot be reused as they should be.

3. Ability to withstand setbacks. At present, most college students studying in colleges and universities have never experienced setbacks. Before entering the university, they were good students that teachers liked and the apple of their parents' eyes. Most students can only accept praise and praise, but can't accept criticism from people around them. When they face pressure and setbacks in study, life, feelings and employment, they will be at a loss, at a loss, lose confidence in life and even doubt life. Poor students are more vulnerable to setbacks in independence, sense of future, sense of freedom and self-confidence.

Fourthly, the influence of emotional regulation on physical and mental health.

1946 the mental health standard put forward by the third international mental health conference has the following four aspects: (1) physical, intellectual and emotional harmony. (2) Adapt to the environment and be humble in interpersonal relationships. (3) Have a sense of happiness. (4) In my professional work, I can give full play to my abilities and lead an efficient life.

Some scholars in China believe that mentally healthy college students should be able to express their emotions correctly; Self-evaluation is correct; Strong self-regulation ability; Sound will; Maintain the integrity and health of personality; Can actively adapt to the new environment, adjust and balance all aspects of psychological conflicts; Be able to accept yourself psychologically; Face the reality bravely; Have confidence in life and have confidence in yourself; Correct learning methods, etc.

Emotion is the most influential and powerful psychological factor, and strong negative emotions will affect college students' study, life and health. Modern medicine has proved that poor mental state and emotional instability may lead to many diseases, such as headache, neurasthenia and indigestion. Emotional problems will not only cause physical symptoms of college students, but also reduce their learning ability, such as their inability to effectively remember, imagine and think.

College students are in a good mood, and the functions of various organs of the body are coordinated, which is conducive to physical and mental health. When college students are in negative emotional states such as guilt, sadness, anger, disgust and fear. The dysfunction of internal organs of the body causes problems of digestive system and nervous system, which harms the health of college students.

Research shows that emotional adjustment has a great influence on mental health, positive adjustment can improve the mental health level of college students, while negative adjustment will reduce the mental health level of college students, and the negative impact of negative adjustment on mental health is more significant. Therefore, in the mental health education of college students, we should guide them to know their own emotional characteristics and try to adjust their emotions.

Five, how to carry out emotional adjustment

1, automatic control. It is an individual's active mastery of his own psychology and behavior. It is an individual's comprehensive ability to consciously choose a goal, appropriately control and adjust his own behavior, resist impulse, resist temptation and persistently ensure the realization of the goal without external supervision. When some negative emotions are aroused, some college students will cry, shout, hit people, swear, and even take some extreme actions. At this time, you should calm down and consciously control your emotions. We should first carefully consider the pros and cons of taking this kind of behavior, and then choose an appropriate behavior to express our emotions. In addition, be careful not to lose your temper at will, and try to control yourself when you are angry or angry. Don't expand the seriousness of a thing at will, try to make it as small as possible, which can better promote the improvement of self-control ability.

2. Pay attention to the transfer. Emotional adjustment's method shifts attention from the stimulating situation that leads to bad emotional reaction to other things or other activities. When you are in a bad mood, you should turn your attention to what you are interested in, or temporarily avoid the sad place. For example, go out for a walk, watch movies, listen to jokes, read humorous stories, play ball games, play chess, chat with friends, change the environment and so on. These activities help to calm the mood and find new happiness in the activities. This method, on the one hand, stops the role of bad stimulation and prevents the generalization and spread of bad emotions; On the other hand, by participating in new activities, especially those that interest you, you can achieve the purpose of enhancing positive emotions.

3. comfort yourself. This kind of emotion regulation method is mainly to find an excuse or reason to reduce inner disappointment when a person pursues something and can't achieve it, so as to alleviate contradictions and conflicts and eliminate anxiety, depression, trouble and disappointment. People can't go smoothly everywhere, and they will encounter difficulties and setbacks in study, employment and interpersonal communication. When they still can't change the situation despite their best efforts, they can comfort themselves appropriately, convince themselves to make appropriate concessions, and attribute the failure to objective conditions and reality. At the same time, they should have the courage to admit and accept the reality. This method is very helpful to help people accept the reality, protect themselves and avoid mental breakdown when facing big setbacks. Often comforting yourself with words like "winning or losing is a common occurrence in military strategists", "A blessing in disguise is a blessing in disguise" and "a bad thing turns into a good thing" can eliminate anxiety, ease contradictions, eliminate anxiety, depression and disappointment, achieve the purpose of self-motivation, sum up experience and learn lessons, and help maintain emotional peace and stability.

4. vent appropriately. When an emotional attack occurs, there is a hidden energy in the body. Excessive depression will only aggravate emotional distress and accumulate, which is harmful to physical and mental health. When college students have negative emotions such as anxiety, boredom and depression, it is beneficial to their physical and mental health to not just hide their conscience in their hearts and give them an appropriate vent to ease and improve their depression.

There are two kinds of emotional venting: direct venting is to express emotions directly against the stimuli that trigger emotions. When direct venting is not good for others or yourself, you can use indirect venting, such as finding a quiet place to abuse, attack and harass people loudly; Or pour out grievances and grievances to relatives and friends; Or vent through exercise, labor, etc., or when you feel that life pressure is too great, you can record negative emotions in words by keeping a diary. Once the venting is over, the mood will calm down and the negative emotions will be alleviated.

When we adjust our negative emotions by venting, we should have some self-control, not just venting, and adopt the right way to choose the right occasions and objects according to the principle of "relaxing ourselves and benefiting others" to avoid adverse consequences.

Conclusion:

The university stage is a crucial period for the development of a person's personality and the formation of a world outlook. College students are faced with a series of important life problems, such as adapting to college life, learning professional knowledge, making friends and falling in love, and choosing a job. Because college students' physical and mental development is not fully mature, and their emotional self-regulation and self-control ability is not strong, complex self-and social problems often lead to strong psychological conflicts among college students, which leads to greater psychological pressure and even psychological obstacles and diseases. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study college students' emotional adjustment and strategies to help them adjust negative emotions, relieve psychological pressure and improve their physical and mental health.

Source: Full-text Database of China Academic Journals. References:

Hehe, there are many periodical websites in the school.