Annotations and appreciation of the original translation of Su Shi's Annotations on Ancient Rhymes and Paintings.

Bamboo is born, one inch cute, but the leaves are awkward. From snakes to swords, there are ten Taoists born. Now painters are doing it one by one, and the leaves are tired. Why is there bamboo? So when you draw bamboo, you must first get it in your mind and be familiar with it. When you see what you want to draw, you should follow it quickly, so that you can catch up with what you see. For example, if a rabbit falls, it will die. And can be taught to do so. You can't give it, but you know why. A husband knows what he is, but he can't. There are differences inside and outside, the heart and hand do not correspond, and there is not much to learn. Therefore, unfamiliar people can feel at ease and see clearly from themselves, but in the face of things, how to lose it is loneliness? Yu Zi is the last work of "Zhu Mo Fu": "I am good at cooking, and I also take it from those who solve cows and those who keep fit; The wheel is flat, so is the wheel, and the reader is with it. Now the master entrusts it to the four masters, but he is not a teacher? " Ziyou never paints, so he gets his meaning. If you give it, you won't get its meaning and method alone.

And can draw bamboo, which is not expensive at first. People from all over the world, those with invitations, stepped on their doors. He threw himself on the ground in disgust and scolded, "I will miss socks!" " Scholar-officials passed it on and thought it was true. "。 And you can return from Yangzhou, and the rest is Xuzhou. Yuke wrote a note saying, "Scholars in the near language, Mohist and Zhuzong, are all near Pengcheng, so you can ask. Socks should be pulled from children. " At the end of the book, I copied a poem and briefly said, "I plan to sweep a section of goose creek silk and take the cold tip ten thousand feet long." Yu Wei said, "Bamboo is 1 10,000 feet long, so we need to use 250 filaments. I know I'm tired of writing and inkstone. I hope to get this silk! When he couldn't answer, he said, "I'm ridiculous." Is there thousands of feet bamboo in the world? "So, I answered his poem:" There are Chihiro bamboos in the world, and the moon shadow is long. " He said ridiculously, "perilla argued, but with 250 silks, I can buy a field and go back to my old age." "Because of the painting" Yan Gu Yan Zhu ",Zuo said:" This bamboo is several feet long, but it has a potential of 10,000 feet. "Yunyou Valley is in Yangzhou, which is one of the 30 fu of Yangzhou and Yunyou Valley. Yu Yue said, "Bamboo planting in Hanchuan is as cheap as Peng's, but the axe does not spare dragons. The material is poor and satrap, and Weibin has a thousand acres in his chest. "My wife and I walked in the valley, burning bamboo shoots and eating late, sending letters and poems, laughing and spitting.

I was not in Chen Zhou on the 20th day of the first month in the second year of Yuanfeng. On July 7, I came into contact with calligraphy and painting in Huzhou. When I saw this bamboo, I cried and lost my voice. Yesterday, Cao Mengde's official document paid homage to the bridge, saying that there was abdominal pain, and I also contained the words of laughing and joking in the past, in order to see and be intimate.

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[Note] Wen and Ke: namely Wen Tong (1018-1079), a painter in the Northern Song Dynasty, was born in Zizhou Yongtai (now Yanting East, Sichuan). We are cousins with Su Shi. Good at painting mountains and rivers, especially bamboo, created a bamboo leaf painting method with deep ink as the surface and light ink as the back, which opened the precedent of Huzhou Bamboo School in later generations. Yun Shui Gu: The name of this valley, in the northwest of Yangzhou (now Yangxian County, Shaanxi Province), is rich in cloud water (big bamboo growing by the water). Japanese bamboo, oblique bamboo. Ziyou: Su Shi's younger brother Su Zhe's character. Hehe Keke sentence: Wen Tong was appointed as the state capital of Yangzhou in the eighth year of Xining, Song Renzong (1075) and returned to the capital of song dynasty (now Kaifeng, Henan) for ten years. Yu Yu sentence: Su Shi served as Xuzhou (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu) in Xining for nine years. Cheng Peng: In today's Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province. Chen Zhou: Administering today's Huaiyang in Henan. Huzhou: Governance is located in Huzhou, Zhejiang Province today. Cao Mengde: Cao Cao (155-220), also known as Meng De, was a statesman, strategist and poet in the Three Kingdoms period. In the Han Dynasty, he became prime minister, proclaimed himself emperor, and was honored as Wei Wudi.

Appreciation of articles

On July 7th, the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), when Su Shi was drying calligraphy and painting, he found a picture of Kuwen and a bamboo in the valley, which he could give to himself, so he wrote this miscellaneous note. Wen and Ke used this kind of bamboo as the theme before his death, and painted it as a painting for Su Shi. Taking this painting as a clue, this paper describes the deep friendship between the author and the text and the sadness of thinking about people and things. Written in harmony with Zhuang, affectionate. This is an excellent essay, which typically reflects the characteristics of Su Shi's personality and posture.

The full text is divided into three paragraphs. At the beginning of the first paragraph, we don't directly write the feelings of mourning or the exchange between the two, but start from the theory of painting bamboo with literariness and possibility, which is abrupt and unique and gives people a sense of freshness from the beginning. The article said that Wen and Ke can think that painting bamboo "must be in the chest first". Before painting bamboo, we must grasp the overall image and spiritual essence of the object, achieve harmony and maturity with the heart, and then straighten the book in one go, so as to vividly reproduce it. On the contrary, it is impossible to draw a living bamboo if we ask for its subtle details temporarily and draw it section by section mechanically, leaf by leaf. This is actually advocating writing first and opposing perfunctory painting; Advocate "spirit likeness" on the whole and oppose "similarity" in details. This view expressed and developed by the author in a sympathetic tone is very incisive, which not only has universal guiding significance to the whole field of literature and art, but also "having a plan in mind" has become a criterion for people to do things and an idiom that lives in the pen. The above writing is vivid and smooth. For example, the metaphor of "a rabbit rises and falls" vividly illustrates the speed of writing. The following author continues to talk about his own views on this article and what he can teach him. Although he knows it, he can't practice it easily. The reason lies in "don't learn too much" and put this bamboo painting method at the height of philosophy. "Is it a person?" This illustrates this point. Finally, I quote a few words from Fu, which was given to him by Su Zhe, a disciple of Wen. Through the two allusions of "I am an expert in cow-solving" and "I am a flat wheel in the sky" in "Master Zhuangzi", this paper expounds my views on paintable bamboo: I am an expert in cow-solving because I have mastered the rules, and the text can be used for reference. Qi Huangong, who is studying, understands that skills can only be learned from practice, and his thoughts on painting bamboo show that he is also a person who deeply understands the laws of things. The author thinks that Ziyou is a person who knows and can only get the meaning of painting, but he can't get his painting method. Through the description of Wen and Ke's painting theory and the author's own thinking on this painting theory, this paper not only writes Wen and Ke's superb skills and unique opinions, but also expresses his admiration and confidant for Wen and Ke. Among them, there are some arguments, some descriptions, some people's words, or direct expression of their own views, which are scattered and flexible, seemingly interesting and reasonable.

The second paragraph describes the author and interesting stories in literature and communication. First write and then draw bamboo, which was worthless at first, so everyone came to the door with a thin silk to draw, which aroused his disgust and threw the silk on the ground and scolded: "I will miss socks!" " "Wear thin silk as socks. Later, Su Shi became the magistrate of Xuzhou, and Su Shi himself was a famous painter of ink and bamboo leaves, so Wen and Ke wrote to Su Shi and jokingly said: Recently, I told the literati that I could go to Pengcheng (Xuzhou) to ask for paintings, "Socks should be taken out of children." Finally, he wrote a poem, two of which said, "I'm going to sweep a section of goose creek to get a cold tip of ten thousand feet long." "Goose Creek is located in the northwest of Yanting County, Sichuan Province, where famous paintings of silk are abundant. Cold tip refers to bamboo, which means that Su Shi can draw a 10,000-foot-long ink bamboo made of famous silk. Su Shi replied humorously, "Bamboo is 10,000 feet long, and it takes 250 pieces of silk. I know that the public is tired of writing and inkstone, and I hope this silk! " Then they exchanged letters and argued whether there were 10,000 feet of bamboo in the world. Su Shi confirmed the existence of this kind of bamboo and wrote a poem saying: "There are thousands of bamboos in the world, and the shadow of the moon is long. "That is to say, in the imagination or artistic conception of heaven and earth, there are thousands of feet of bamboo. Here, Su Shi stole a concept and gave a clever answer. Wen and Ke wrote back and said with a smile, "That's true, but buying a field for 250 silks will make you old." He also gave Su Shi his own bamboo drawings, saying that "this bamboo is several feet long, but it has a potential of 10,000 feet", describing the bamboo he painted as having both form and spirit and extraordinary momentum. This not only further proves Su Shi's theory that bamboo has thousands of feet, but also can be regarded as his excellent method of "having answers", which not only skillfully points out the topic, but also naturally explains the origin of "Bamboo Painting Valley", which echoes the theoretical narrative of bamboo painting at the beginning and is very compact. We seized the place name of Yun Shui Gu and continued to write a letter between them: When Wen and Wen were judges in Yangzhou, Su Shi was asked to write 30 Yangzhou Fu, and Yun Shui Gu was one of them. The poem says: "The bamboo planting in Hanchuan (Hanshui) is as cheap as a canopy, and the axe will never forgive. "The material is poor and greedy, and Weibin has a thousand acres in his chest." Dragons are bamboo shoots. "Never forgive an axe" means chopping bamboo shoots, even calling it "greedy satrap" and eating all the bamboo shoots, so there is a saying that "Wei Bin has a thousand acres in his chest". Biography of Historical Records of Huo Zhi has the language of "a thousand acres of bamboo in Weichuan". When Wen and Ke received this poem, they were "burning bamboo shoots for dinner" with their wives in the valley, just in response to Su Shi's words, so they read the poem "Laughing and Spitting Rice". The whole passage is humorous, cordial and natural. In these trivial things and jokes, Wen and Ke are lively with their frank and elegant minds, extraordinary wisdom and close friendship.

The last paragraph explains the reason for writing this article. Let's talk about it first Seven months after Wen's death, "I was exposed to calligraphy and painting, and I cried when I saw this bamboo." The word "crying and losing my voice" describes the author's infinite sadness when he looks at people and things. Then, I quoted the allusion of Cao Cao's sacrifice to Qiao Xuan to illustrate the main idea of the article. For this classic, see Pei Songzhi's Notes on the History of the Three Kingdoms and Emperor Wudi. Cao Cao was not valued by others when he was young, but Qiao Xuan appreciated him very much. After Qiao Xuan's death, Cao Cao marched straight into Suiyang, Qiao Xuan's hometown, and sent envoys to pay homage to Qiao Xuan, and wrote "Wenxuan for Laoqiu Bridge", which said: "He also vowed:' After his death, the road will be clear, and there will be no competition for wine. He will only cross the river with chickens and drive three steps without complaining about abdominal pain.' Although it is a temporary joke, it is not a good thing for a close relative. Is that why Hooken resigned? The author quotes this allusion to emphasize that "I also bring words that can ridicule the past, let me see and be close to my relatives". This allusion is very natural and appropriate, and the plain language shows a sincere mourning for the dead friend. If the first paragraph emphasizes discussion and the second paragraph emphasizes narration, then this short third paragraph is even more lyrical.

The style of writing is fluent and free, "always do what you should do, always stop where you can't stop", just like flowing water; There are theories, plays, poems, or books in the text, sometimes small things, sometimes allusions, which make the machine flexible and changeable. However, although writing freely, it is not without discipline and discipline. Instead, it always sticks to the theme and revolves around the bamboo picture in the valley and the valley that can be painted: firstly, it discusses the painting theory of "having an answer", which is the basis of painting the bamboo picture in the valley; In the middle, exchange poems and letters to explain the origin of Yanzhu pictures and related interesting things; After that, I wrote to look at pictures and think about people and express my sadness. In the whole story, I focused on painting and recalling friendship, which seemed inseparable, achieving the perfect combination of freedom and obeying rules and regulations. This is a eulogy, and predecessors once commented that it was written as a joke (Zheng Zhihui Su Changgong cooperated). The main part of this essay is indeed witty and interesting, but only in this way can we see the "intimacy" between the author and the article, and once the article dies, the author's grief can be imagined. It is beneficial to see sadness by setting joy against sadness, which better embodies the dialectics of art. The language in this paper is natural, simple and fresh. The full text seems to flow naturally from the author's chest, gurgling without hindrance, the language used is not carved, and the words are orderly and vivid. As Wang Ming said: "Writing Dongpo Ci really doesn't need composition. Literally recorded is the text. " (Su Changgong sketch)