Gannan New Deal

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/kloc-at the beginning of 0/937, Jiang Jingguo, who had been tempered by "thirteen years of ice and snow" in Soviet Russia, returned to his hometown in Xikou, Zhejiang with his wife and belt. One year later, at the invitation of Jiangxi President Xiong Shihui, he went to Nanchang to serve as Deputy Director-General of the Provincial Public Security Department and Director of the Recruitment Supervision and Training Department. 1939, the Japanese army advanced on Nanchang, and the recruit training department moved to Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, and Jiang Jingguo was transferred to the Commissioner of Gannan Administrative Office. From then on, until the beginning of 1945, Jiang Jingguo, who was in his thirties, made a drastic investigation on banning smoking and gambling on prostitutes, improving official management, developing economy and setting up education here. In the past six years, the social outlook has changed greatly, which is called "New Deal in Gannan".

"The front rear. "The front of the rear.

Before 1939, Gannan was controlled by the Guangdong army. "The people are poor, the soil is poor, and the culture is backward", which is the frontier of Jiangxi. Some researchers believe that Xiong Shihui sent Jiang Jingguo to take charge of Gannan, which is a political chess game: on the one hand, it can rely on the "prince" to contain the Guangdong army and local forces, on the other hand, it can please the "father".

Professor Fang Shizao, director of Jiang Jingguo Research Institute of Gannan Normal University, holds different views: it is a "three-dimensional coincidence" that Jiang Jingguo is in charge of Gannan, because it happened in a specific historical period, a specific place and a specific person. The so-called specific historical period refers to the stalemate in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the fall of Nanchang and the retreat of Jiang Jingguo to Gannan. Jiang once said to his best friend, "If there was no war of resistance, I'm afraid we wouldn't have come to this mountainous southern Jiangxi." The specific location means that Gannan is a part of Jiangxi, and the decree of Governor Xiong Shihui is impassable. The concrete figure is Jiang Jingguo himself, who shows extraordinary administrative ability in mediating local contradictions, is full of the ideal of saving the country, and intends to "try under the worst conditions".

When he first arrived in Ganzhou, Jiang Jingguo was surprised to find that with the development of the Anti-Japanese War, the importance of Gannan's geographical position was highlighted, and it had become a "front and rear, rear and front" and a bridgehead connecting southeast and southwest. He said: "Gannan is a completely suitable base for anti-Japanese and nation-building ... When I took office in Gannan, I made up my mind to overcome all difficulties and accomplish this mission."

"Three prohibitions and one cleaning" to clean up dirt.

During the war in southern Jiangxi, tobacco gambling and prostitution prevailed, bandits and bullies rebelled, and the fighting between clans lasted for many years. After Jiang Jingguo took office, he quickly introduced the policy of "three prohibitions and one clean-up", banned smoking, gambling and prostitution, wiped out bandits and launched an all-out attack. As for opium, the national government originally implemented a policy of "prohibition", but in fact it was disguised protection. The "Special Sales Office" openly sells tobacco soil with Xiong Shihui, the president of this province as the background. Jiang Jingguo has set a one-year ban period, from July 1940 to July 1. All tobacco offenders caught, regardless of planting, transporting, smoking or selling, are allowed. The son of a wealthy businessman was arrested for stealing tobacco poison. His family bribed the police station and offered to donate a plane. When he sent a telegram to release him, Jiang Fu said, "The telegram has been sent and cannot be retrieved."

In order to gamble, Jiang Jingguo personally led a team, disguised as a vendor selling wonton, and destroyed a casino opened by a lieutenant general in Guangdong. The place where there is nothing to hide is powerful. At that time, everyone was afraid of themselves. He also asked the gambler who was arrested to kneel in front of the monument to the anti-Japanese martyrs in Ganzhou Park for three days. At that time, the wife of a police commander was arrested and she was still punished. It took three hours in the morning and three hours in the afternoon, which sensationalized the whole city of Ganzhou.

At the beginning of banning prostitution, several small-scale brothels were investigated and punished, which was severely suppressed by the bosses. Jiang Jingguo was unmoved and ordered to stop "offering flowers", close brothels, open women's factories, and arrange prostitutes to be good. Ganzhou's bad style was banned from now on.

Achieve the goal of "five possessions" in three years.

"In Gannan, I walked 2850 miles and crossed 974 bridges, of which 7 14 were to be repaired. There are 84 roads that cannot be left. " When he took office, Jiang Jingguo wore sandals and traveled to every corner of Gannan 1 1 county.

The focus of "innovation" lies in people's livelihood. 19401110 In October, the enlarged executive meeting of the four districts formulated the first three-year plan for building a new Gannan. Jiang Jingguo proposed to achieve the goal of "five possessions" within three years: everyone has a job, everyone has food, everyone has clothes, everyone has a house to live in and everyone has a book to read.

Before the implementation of the plan, more than 90% of Gannan's population of 6.5438+0.5 million were farmers, and there was almost no decent industry in the whole area except mining. On the one hand, Jiang Jingguo attracts inward capital from coastal areas to set up factories in southern Jiangxi; On the other hand, it promotes the establishment of small factories, such as textile, rice milling and sugar production.

1943165438+1October, American journalist Atkinson published a report in The New York Times, saying that the reform in Jiang Jingguo has brought a new look to Gannan. There were only three factories in Ganzhou before, and there was a serious shortage of food in Gannan. Now the output is enough to supply 10 month's consumption, and it is expected that 1944 will be completely self-sufficient. "People of insight in China are wishful thinking about the modernization of China, but only Gannan is really implemented." Atkinson sighed. In his eyes, Ganzhou was the most modern and cleanest city in China at that time.

People waiting for jokes suddenly found that the three-year plan became a reality.

At Wang Jichun's memorial service, he condemned corruption.

Jiang Jingguo told his subordinates many times that the main reasons for the demise of the dynasty were the officials' unclearness and corruption. To this end, he reused a group of capable cadres, among which Wang Jichun, the magistrate of Shangyou, was his favorite and even his confidant. He was honest and willing to do things for the people. 1942 At the end of this year, Wang Jichun was admitted to the provincial hospital. Because of poverty, we can only sell our family property to cure diseases. The county government remitted the treatment fee to 500 yuan. When he learned about it, he ordered the orderly to remit it back to Judah. The hospital thought he was stingy and refused to give him good medicine. 1March, 943, Wang Jichun died.

At the memorial service in Wang Jichun, Jiang Jingguo burst into tears and read a eulogy entitled "Cry for the Death of Wang Jichun". He believes that Wang Jichun died not of tuberculosis, but was swallowed up by a corrupt society. He denounced: "this hospital is corrupt, which is the epitome of today's corrupt society;" Take care of yourself, regardless of other people's lives. Execute the living ... there is no affection between people, and people regard people as commodities. What kind of world is this? What kind of world is this? "

Influenced by his personal growth experience, Jiang Jingguo attached great importance to exercising the body and mind of civil servants in a difficult environment. At the cadre seminar held in September 1940, Jiang Jingguo ate and lived with the students, and got up at 4 o'clock every day to do morning exercises. One day, he asked the students to run barefoot to the new Gannan farm and have a sports competition with the farmers. Jiang was the first to appear on behalf of civil servants. He wrestled with an old cousin and fell to the ground. On the last day, the students finished their breakfast at 2: 40 in the morning. Jiang Jingguo led everyone to gather in the gale and rain, ran to the highest Kongtong Mountain in Ganxian, and held a graduation ceremony. Jiang Jingguo said: "In our two-week training, the most important thing is to wash our hearts ... Everyone should reflect on whether they are pure and have a clear conscience ... There is nothing special in Gannan, which is our new political style."

"Respect this experience and think about applying it to the future."

Since Jiang Jingguo was in charge of Gannan, it has been highly appraised by the outside world, and Chiang Kai-shek has also heard about it. He once sent a telegram saying: "My son has been a Commissioner for three years, and the people love him and make progress in construction."

In praise. Jiang Jingguo has a clear understanding of himself. In "Looking East, Opening Bows and Converging Rivers", he reviews his shortcomings more than his advantages, thus causing more mistakes than achievements. He said that he got a lot of experience in being a man and doing things in Gannan, but he had a lot of experience, but he paid the price of making the people suffer. On the one hand, he is always uneasy, but at the same time, he "respects this experience and thinks about using it in the future", striving to reduce mistakes in the future employment process and let the people get tangible benefits.

Throughout Jiang Jingguo's life, as the chief executive of a place, there was Gannan before and Taiwan Province Province after. What he called "thinking for tomorrow" seems to be today's Taiwan Province Province. Taylor Tao, a researcher at the Center for East Asian Studies at Harvard University and the author of Biography of Jiang Jingguo, believes that the experience of Gannan provides many lessons for Chiang Kai-shek to govern Taiwan Province Province in the future.

1972, Jiang Jingguo became the "premier" of Taiwan Province, and the "Jiang Jingguo era" began. During the period of 1973, under the background of international economic depression, Li Jiang promoted the "Top Ten Construction". Facts have proved that it is these large-scale construction projects that have laid a solid foundation for the rapid economic development of Taiwan Province Province. In the last two years of his life, Jiang Jingguo raced against time to accelerate political reform. Taiwan Province's political and economic reform in 1970s and 1980s was closely related to Jiang Jingguo's ruling practice in Gannan period. In 1950s and 1960s, Jiang Jingguo basically implemented Chiang Kai-shek's political ideas, and after 1972, he began to show his unique ruling ideas. On the one hand, he brought in some young talents and technocrats and changed the political atmosphere. On the other hand, in Gannan period, he went deep into the people and traveled all over the counties and cities of Taiwan Province Province. Economically, the top ten construction projects in Taiwan Province Province have obvious brand of planned economy. At the executive enlarged meeting of fourth area in 1940, Jiang Jingguo proposed to establish the Three People's Principles economic system in Gannan. "The economic system of the Three People's Principles is different from the capitalist economic system of the United States because we have plans."