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Zhuge Liang's life story

Cultivate Nanyang

Zhuge Liang's father Zhuge Gui died young, and Zhuge Liang and his brother Zhuge Jun were raised by his uncle Zhuge Xuan. Later, the court elected Zhu Hao to replace Zhuge Xuan, and Zhuge Xuan had an old friendship with Jingzhou Liu Mubiao, so he took Zhuge Liang with him. After Zhuge Xuan's death, Zhuge Liang and his younger brother worked as farmers in Wollongong, Nanyang City. On the other hand, it is called Xiangyang Longzhong for three reasons. First, Longzhong belonged to Nanyang County at that time, but the fact is that the location of Xiangyang Longzhong belonged to Nanjun at that time, not Nanyang County. Nanyang County and Nanjun County are bounded by Hanshui River, and Longzhong, which is located south of Hanshui River, is not within the jurisdiction of Nanyang County. Second, Wancheng was renamed Nanyang only after the Sui Dynasty, but the fact is that Wancheng has been called Nanyang since the follwed period. Third, it takes care of Mao. When I went to see the thatched cottage, Wancheng was owned by Liu Biao, not Cao Cao. According to The History of the Three Kingdoms, Shu Wei, Ji Yi of Emperor Wu, and The History of the Three Kingdoms, Shu Shu, Two Biographies of Two Ancient People, Liu Bei must say that Liu Biao is attacking Xu today. In case it changes, you can't regret it "and" In the twelfth year, Cao Gong levied the northern black pill, and the ancestors said that the watch could not be used. " Liu Bei thought that Cao Cao was fighting in the north and Xuchang was empty, so he could attack Cao Cao's base camp, so he suggested that Liu Biao attack Xuchang in the north of Nanyang. Unfortunately, Liu Biao disagreed and did not adopt it. When Zhang Xiu surrendered to Cao Cao, Cao Cao was engaged in the battle of Guandu. At this time, Cao Cao's capture of Wancheng meant declaring war on Liu Biao, and he was caught between Scylla and Charybdis. According to the biography of the Three Kingdoms and Du Chuan, in the Spring and Autumn Annals of Kyushu, Liu Bei invaded Ye and Liu Biao attacked western Hubei, which shows that Wancheng was under Liu Biao's control before Zhuge came out of the mountain. Xiangyang Longzhong still has contradictions about the theory. "Yuanhe County Records" records that "Zhuge Liang's residence is twenty miles northwest of the county seat", but today's Xiangyang Longzhong is in the southwest of Xiangyang. The songs that Liang Pingri loves to read often compare himself with Guan Zhong and Guan Zhong. People didn't agree with him at that time. Only friends Xu Shu, Cui, Shi Tao believe in his talent.

Make friends with Jingzhou celebrities such as Pang Degong and Huang. Huang once said to Zhuge Liang: "Wen Jun chooses his wife; An ugly girl with yellow head and black head, but worthy. " Zhuge Liang agreed to this marriage and married her at once. At that time, people played it as a joke, and there was even a proverb in the village: "Don't choose a wife for Kong Ming, you will get an ugly girl."

Longzhongdui

At that time, Liu Bei was attached to Liu Biao and stationed in Xinye. Later, when I went to Si Mahui, I heard him say, "Do Confucian scholars and laymen know current events? He who knows the times is a hero. There are Wolong and Feng Chu here. " Later, he was recommended by Xu Shu and wanted to be introduced by Xu Shu, but Xu Shu said, "You can meet this person, but you can't compromise. The general should be in charge. "

Liu Bei personally visited Zhuge Liang, only to see Zhuge Liang three times (known as "three visits to the cottage" in history). Liu Bei told others to avoid him and asked Zhuge Liang, "The Han Dynasty is dead, the traitor stole his life, and the Lord was covered with dust. Loneliness, I want to believe that righteousness is above the world, and my wisdom is short-lived, so I use it wildly. As for today. However, the ambition is not over yet, and you said that the plan will come out? "

Zhuge Liang told him that Cao Cao was not desirable and Sun Quan could help him. It also expounds that the state grazing of Jing and Yi is cowardly and has opportunities. Only by owning these two States can we win the world. He also told Liu Bei the strategy of attacking the Central Plains. This theory was later called "Longzhong Dui". Upon hearing this, Liu Bei praised Zhuge Liang and advised him to come out of the mountain to help him, so Zhuge Liang embarked on his official career. Liu Bei often talks with him, and the relationship is getting closer and closer. Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and others were greatly displeased. Liu Bei explained to them: "There is Kong Ming in solitude and water in fish. May you say nothing more. Guan Yu and Zhang Fei stopped complaining.

In 2008, Zhuge Liang proposed Longzhong's confrontation, which became the basic national policy of Liu Bei and Shu Han forces in the following decades.

Make a statement about crossing the river.

At that time, Liu Biao's son Liu Qi became increasingly dissatisfied with Liu Qi because of his stepmother's influence. Liu Qi valued Zhuge Liang very much and asked Zhuge Liang for self-defense several times. But Zhuge Liang often refused, and Liu Qi took a ladder from home at a banquet to force Zhuge Liang to give him countermeasures. Zhuge Liang asked Liu Qi, "Don't you see that Shen Sheng is in danger? Is Zhong Er safe outside?" Liu Qi knows what he means. Just when Huang Zu was killed by Sun Jun, Liu Qi volunteered to be the prefect of Jiangxia and fled Jiangxia.

In August 2008, Liu Biao died of illness and his second son, Liu Cong, succeeded to the throne. Hearing the news that Cao Cao was going south, he sent messengers to surrender. After learning the news of Fancheng, Liu Bei led the army and civilians to flee to the south. Cao Jun chased Liu Jun in Changbanpo, Dangyang, and Xu Shu's mother was caught, so Xu Shu had to surrender to Cao Cao. Liu Bei arrived in Xiakou. Before Sun Quan sent Lu Su to observe the situation, Liang suggested to Liu Bei to send an envoy to Sun Quan for help. After arriving in Chaisang, Zhuge Liang met Sun Quan and first gave Sun Quan two choices by dichotomy: "If you can compete with China with the people of wuyue, it is better to give up as soon as possible." Another choice is to provoke him: "If you can't do it, why not put the case in the north?" Sun Quan asked Zhuge Liang why Liu Bei didn't surrender. Zhuge Liang raised Liu Bei's worth, saying that Liu Bei had integrity and would never surrender to show Sun Liu's determination. Sun Quan was furious and vowed not to surrender to Cao Cao, but he was also worried about how many troops Liu Bei still had to fight. Zhuge Liang finally analyzed the situation of the two armies. First, he said that there were 10,000 soldiers in the army and Guan Yu's water army, plus more than 10,000 soldiers in Jiangxia, Liu Qifan. Let's talk about Cao Jun's tiredness from afar. He chased Liu Beishi and rode a light bicycle for more than 300 miles a day and night. It is precisely "a spent force, it is impossible to wear Lu Tao"; Moreover, northerners do not learn water warfare, and Jingzhou people are forced to obey Cao Cao, unconvinced; Finally, Cao's defeat is certain. Sun Quan was very happy. At the same time, he was lobbied by Lu Su and Zhou Yu and decided to unite with Cao. Zhou Yu, Cheng Pu and Lu Su were sent to lead 30,000 water troops to fight against Cao Cao. Zhuge Liang returned to Liu Bei with his army. 1 1 month, Cao Cao was defeated in Battle of Red Cliffs and returned to the north.

Adequate food, weapons and equipment

After Battle of Red Cliffs, Liu Bei pacified the four counties in Jingnan in December, and appointed Zhuge Liang as the military commander-in-chief. He was stationed in Lin Xuan, supervising the three counties of Lingling, Guiyang and Changsha, and was responsible for adjusting taxes and enriching military assets. 2 1 1 year, Yizhou Pastoral Liu Zhang asked Liu Bei to assist Zhang Lu. Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and others guarded Jingzhou. In the following December, Liu Bei broke with Liu Zhang and attacked Chengdu. Zhuge Liang, Zhang Fei, Zhao Yun and others went to Sichuan to help out, leaving Guan Yu in charge of Jingzhou's defense, dividing troops to pacify counties and counties, and encircling Liu Bei. By 2 14, Liu Zhang surrendered and Liu Bei entered Yizhou.

Zhuge Liang received 500 Jin of gold, 50 million yuan of silver 1000 Jin, and 0/000 pieces of brocade/kloc-0, and was appointed as a strategist and general, in charge of the general's office. Every time Liu Bei sent troops to attack, Zhuge Liang was responsible for guarding Chengdu and providing Liu Bei with adequate food and clothing. During the Hanzhong War, Zhuge Liang also provided financial support for Liu Bei, who suffered repeated defeats. In 220, Cao Pi usurped Han independence. In 22 1 year, the ministers heard the news that Emperor Xian was killed, and advised Liu Bei, who had become the king of Hanzhong, to be the emperor. Liu Bei refused, and Zhuge Liang persuaded Liu Bei with the story of Geng Chun lobbying Liu Xiu to be emperor, so Liu Beicai agreed, and Zhuge Liang was appointed as prime minister, recording history and taking a vacation. In the same year, Zhang Fei was assassinated by his subordinates, and then led a captain to set out from Li Si.

Solitary care at the end of life

In August, 222, Liu Bei was defeated on the way to the East Expedition to recapture Jingzhou, and retreated to Yongan (see the Battle of Yiling for details? ), Zhuge Liang sighed, it's a pity that Buddhism is dying, otherwise Liu Bei wouldn't have suffered such a great defeat. In February, 223, Liu Bei was seriously ill. He called Zhuge Liang to Yong 'an and entrusted Li Yan to handle the affairs. Liu Bei said to Zhuge Liang, "You are only ten times as talented as Cao Pi, and you will be able to settle down in the world and eventually achieve great things. If the heir can supplement it, supplement it; If you are incompetent, you can take it yourself. " Zhuge Liang sobbed and said, "I dare to use all my strength to report the Loyalty Day and then die!" " Liu Bei asked Liu Chan and other sons to regard Zhuge Liang as their father.

In April, Liu Bei died, and Liu Chan succeeded to the throne, and Zhuge Liang was appointed as the marquis of Wuxiang, who opened the Xiang Fu. Soon, Liu Chan relied on Zhuge Liang to take charge of Yizhou pastoral administration, and Zhuge Liang decided. It turned out that South China took the opportunity to rebel because of Liu Bei's crushing defeat. Zhuge Liang did not send troops because the country had just lost its monarch, but sent Deng Zhi and Kyle to Soochow to repair it.

Laoxin Northern Expedition

In the spring of 225, Zhuge Liang led his army south. Before he left, Liu Chan gave Zhuge Liang gold? A large sum of money, a curved cover, a piece of advocacy before and after the balance treasure, and 60 people. Later, Zhuge Liang went deep into the barren land to crusade against Lv Yong and Meng Huo. Zhuge Liang adopted Ma Su's advice of joining the army, focusing on attacking the enemy. He defeated Lv Yong's army first, then Meng Huo, and put down all the chaos in autumn. The rich resources in the south of Shu and Han provided military services for the country. When Shu Han became rich, he began to train soldiers and prepare for the Northern Expedition.

In March 227, Zhuge Liang went to Liu Chan to learn from his example and showed his success, and sent troops to Mianyang to prepare for the Northern Expedition. In the spring of 228, Zhuge Liang led a great army out of Hanzhong and began the first Northern Expedition. During this period, Wei Jun and China won and lost each other, but most of them failed because of insufficient grain transportation. In 234, during Zhuge Liang's fifth Northern Expedition, he fought against Sima Yi, the general of Wei Dynasty, and was seriously ill. Before he died, he recommended Jiang Wan and Fei Yi as successors. He died in August at the age of 54 and was buried in the tomb of Wuhou, Mianxian County, Dingjun Mountain.