Explain the hot moon coup. Help the gods.

Hot Moon Reaction: A coup that overthrew jacobins's robespierre regime during the French Revolution. It was named because it happened on the 9th of the hot month in the second year of the Republic (1July 27th, 794). Edit this historical background Before the hot month coup, jacobins took a series of measures of terror rule, completely destroyed the feudal system and completed the task of bourgeois revolution. Economically, from 1793 to 17 July, the National Association controlled by jacobins promulgated three land laws, which stipulated that the land of the fleeing aristocrats should be divided into small pieces and sold to farmers in ten years. Distribute the village commons taken away by landlords for hundreds of years to farmers according to the local population; Unconditionally abolish feudal obligations, burn all feudal title deeds and documents, and imprison the occupier. These land policies changed feudal land ownership into small-scale peasant land ownership, uprooted feudalism and completely eradicated the economic foundation of feudal system, but these land-related measures directly led France to lag behind other major capitalist countries in the first and second industrial revolutions. Politically, 1793 September17 issued a decree ordering local authorities to arrest all suspects and severely suppress the rebels in Lyon, Vendai and other cities, and Queen Marie Antoinette was sentenced to death; In the central government, the order of gironde, which colluded with foreign countries and suppressed the people, suffered heavy losses. 136 members of gironde were expelled from the National Association, 22 of whom were sentenced to death; At the same time, the leaders of the Gironde Party in other cities of the country were also executed and committed suicide, physically eliminating political dissidents. Counter-revolutionaries suffered a fatal blow, stabilized social order, consolidated political power and safeguarded the achievements of bourgeois revolution. Militarily, in the spring of 1793, Britain, Austria, Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, Russia, Sardinia and Naples formed the first anti-French alliance, and tried their best to support the royalist rebellion in various parts of France, subvert the revolutionary regime and restore the French monarchy. In the grim situation of domestic troubles and foreign invasion, the National Assembly issued a general mobilization order to defeat the anti-French alliance and drive them out of France. The military victory dealt a heavy blow to counter-revolutionary forces at home and abroad and consolidated the political power. Ideologically and culturally, when Catholicism was abolished and rationalism was converted, the church became a club and temple worshipping rationalism, and the icons were replaced by busts of Mara, Sharir and Lebedi. In Notre Dame Square, altars and prayer pictures were burned, and the Bishop of Paris, Gaubert Gaubert, and many other gods severed their relations with religion and supported rationalism. 1793, 10 In June, the League of Nations passed a decree to adopt a new calendar, taking the founding day of the Republic as New Year's Day, and there was no religious day in the new calendar. Obviously, the purpose is to oppose Catholicism. In addition, social customs, life and even clothing have undergone revolutionary changes, such as "citizen" replacing "sir" and eliminating powdered wigs and overly gorgeous fashion. Lenin once pointed out: "There is only one task before the bourgeois revolution, which is to sweep away, abandon and destroy all the shackles of the old society. Any bourgeois revolution has accomplished this task, that is, everything it should do: strengthen the development of capitalism. " 1On July 26th, 794, robespierre made a speech in the National Association, saying that "there are still members of the National Association who have not been eliminated", but members asked robespierre to name the members, and robespierre did not tell them, which caused panic among the members. Denton and others were purged in the past, which led lawmakers to deliberately launch a coup. When robespierre gave a speech at the Jacobin Club that night, he pointed out, "I'm afraid you heard my speech today. This is my last words." I didn't think it was a prophecy. On July 27th, robespierre went to attend the National Association, but was interrupted by the Speaker. Calls for "overthrowing the tyrant" and demands for arresting robespierre and others began to appear. The National Assembly declared robespierre "not protected by law" and arrested him. At the same time, his brothers A.B.J.de Robespierre, L.-A.-L.de Sanjust and G. Kudong were arrested. They were rescued by the commander of the National Guard, Henrio. Finally, robespierre fled to the Paris City Hall and tried to shoot himself. A young National Guard soldier shot and broke robespierre's jaw and arrested him. On July 28th, 22 people, including robespierre and St. Just, were guillotined. The moment robespierre was clicked, the audience expressed their joy and applauded 15 minutes. After that, jacobins executed1000 people, and the hot moon coup was also regarded as "the reactionaries' counterattack". After robespierre's death, the humorous Frenchman carved this passage on his tombstone: "Passers-by! I, robespierre, rest here. Please don't feel sorry for me. If I live, you will not live. " After editing this paragraph, the situation changed. After the coup, the political situation in France was relatively stable and entered a period of safeguarding the achievements of the Great Revolution. As far as the ruling class is concerned, the fanatics in power represent the interests of the big bourgeoisie. The regime has not changed hands and has not been controlled by feudal forces or the people. Therefore, the French Revolution ended in victory; Judging from the measures taken, such as releasing a large number of suspects, abolishing the comprehensive price limit law, restoring capitalist economic freedom and so on. We can't think that fanatics are counter-revolutionaries and represent the interests of the reactionary class. They just want to maintain the ruling order of the Republic and capitalist society. Judging from the nature of mass movements, the Bud Moon Uprising and the Pastoral Moon Uprising belong to hunger riots, opposing rising prices and bourgeois rule, and the struggle is not aimed at feudal forces, so the nature is essentially different from that before the hot moon coup. Judging from the domestic counter-revolutionary forces, although the members of the Wang clique created chaos and rebelled constantly after the hot month coup, they failed because of the heavy losses before the coup, and the scale and strength were far less than before, which could not pose too much threat to the bourgeois regime. The reason for the outbreak of this paragraph was that before the hot month coup, jacobins used terrorist policies to crack down on dissidents, resulting in internal division and loss of popular support and mass base. There is a special case to illustrate that robespierre did injustice in the name of a fake revolution. When he was a lawyer in robespierre, he chased a girl, but he didn't. The girl was driven away by another lawyer. It was this lawyer who later became a member of the Gironde Mission. When Gironde was hit and jacobins came to power, robespierre found out the girl's boyfriend, now the girl's husband, and sent him to the guillotine, robespierre. "You saw that you refused to marry me, and now your husband has been guillotined, won't you regret it?" . The specific performance is as follows: 1 suppressed "crazy people". "Crazy people" are the most left-leaning Democrats in the French bourgeois revolution, representing the interests of the lower classes, demanding price limits, severely punishing speculators and fundamentally solving the land problem. Jacques Lu, its most famous representative, once said: "If a class can starve to death with impunity, then freedom is just an empty fantasy. Is the property of a liar more valuable than human life? " The suppression of the "madman" exposed the nature and class position of jacobins's dictatorship, and at the same time, it dug up the foundation on which it depended and lost the mass base. 2 internal divisions and conflicts. With the improvement of the situation at home and abroad, the differences of opinion within jacobins have become increasingly acute, from unity to division. On behalf of the urban and rural lower classes, Ebel School advocates strengthening the terrorist policy, suppressing suspects, limiting prices in an all-round way, opposing Catholicism, propagating atheism, and continuing the war abroad, accusing robespierre of being too lenient with the Gironde Party and demanding that robespierre School and Dandong School be expelled from the National Association; Dandong faction, representing the emerging bourgeoisie, advocates stopping the terrorist policy, opposing the overall price limit, defending trade freedom and getting rich, and demanding the conclusion of peace treaties with European monarchies and Britain. Robespierre School suppressed Ebbell School and Dandong School successively, which led to people's alienation, urban and rural private classes' antipathy, and jacobins's class base and mass base decreased sharply. 3 suppress the workers and peasants movement. After repelling the counter-revolutionary forces at home and abroad, the National Assembly violently suppressed the workers' strike struggle for higher wages. 1794 the announcement in may said: "we will be as ruthless as the law itself and send the workers who refuse to work to court for punishment." Farm workers who demand higher wages will be regarded as suspects and will be responsible for all the consequences. Thus, the revolutionary government gradually lost the support of the masses. 4. Reduce legal procedures. The Law on Punishment of public enemies (passed in June 1794) stipulates that the pretrial procedure for the defendant is cancelled, and the court can only decide whether the defendant is guilty or not on the basis of "inner conviction". All crimes against the Republic will be punished-the death penalty. This decree lacked the spirit of democracy and was widely opposed by the people at that time and later generations. This is a manifestation of extreme fear and loss of mass base. Editing the significance of this coup overthrew jacobins's rule and declared the end of the French Revolution in China. During the coup, the big bourgeoisie regime represented by Reyue Party was established. French history has entered a period of defending the achievements of the Great Revolution. Republican time during the French Revolution:179310/0/0 On 5 October, the French National Assembly passed a resolution to implement a Republican calendar in France, and designated 1792 as New Year's Day of the first year of the Republic. The names of1February in the Republic calendar are: Portuguese month, foggy month, frosty month, snowy month, rainy month, windy month, bud month, flower month, grazing month, abundant month, hot month and fruity month.

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