Mr. Lu Xun, how many trumpets do you have? Lu Xun: laxatives ...

There is a "trumpet madman" who plays the trumpet crazily in the history of China literature. He has more than 140 pen names. Pen names range from one word to six, including Xun Ge, Zi Shu and Chen Geng. Among them, the most widely known pen name is "Lu Xun".

Lu Xun, formerly known as Zhou Shuren, was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

Lu Xun also has a nickname Chang Geng, and his younger brother Zhou Zuoren's nickname is Qi Ming.

On the left is Zhou Zuoren and on the right is Lu Xun.

Venus, as the morning star, is Qi Ming, and as the evening star, it is Chang Geng. In the Book of Songs, there is a saying that "the East has consciousness and the West has Chang Geng". People use "consciousness" and "Chang Geng" to express the discord between brothers. I wonder if it's because of a bad reputation. Everything is predestined, and the Zhou brothers have lost harmony. They haven't met since 1923.

Lu Xun's nickname is "owl", but he himself is not angry with this nickname, but he likes it a little and calls himself "owl". He himself, like an owl, quietly watched the darkness of this land for countless nights, wrote articles to fight against the darkness, attacked those ignorant and numb people in China, tried to wake up those who pretended not to know when they were clearly in pain, and tried to save the souls of China people.

Lu Xun is pessimistic about the world and the future of China, which has a lot to do with his early experience.

Lu Xun loves and hates his hometown Shaoxing. Lu Xun was born in a big family. He is regarded as the master of a big family. When he was young, he lived a superior life and was happy and carefree. Childhood can be regarded as the happiest time in his life. The back garden at home is his secret paradise. We can feel Lu Xun's childhood full of laughter in "From a Hundred Herbs Garden to a Moon in Three Tans". This made him give up his hometown.

Baicao garden

Three-dimensional Wu Shu

But when Lu Xun 13 years old, his grandfather was arrested and imprisoned, and this big family began to decline.

After his grandfather was imprisoned for two years, Lu Xun's father was seriously ill and died soon, which stimulated Lu Xun's spirit to some extent.

After the decline of family fortune, other people's faces have also changed, just like the preface in "Scream", "Has anyone fallen into poverty from Xiaokang family? I thought that on this road, I could probably see the true face of the world. "

Perhaps it is because of the darkness he was exposed to in his childhood that he always holds a negative attitude towards the future. However, it is because he is in the dark that he can hit the nail on the head and attack the evil side of human nature.

1898, Lu Xun decided to leave his hometown, and his first stop was Nanjing.

He went to Jiangnan Naval Academy first, and was disappointed after he went there. He found that although it was a "new school", it revealed "old" everywhere.

Jiangnan navy school

After that, he transferred to the Army Mine Road School, where he first came into contact with western natural science. Besides reading, he also read many books, among which Yan Fu's Theory of Evolution was the most influential one.

1902, Lu Xun went to Japan to study. Only when he studied in Japan did he discover how people should live.

After China's defeat in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, Japan looked down on China more and more.

As Mr. Fujino said, "China is a weak country, so China people are of course imbeciles. If the score is above 60, it is not their own. "

He deeply felt the Japanese discrimination against China people.

What saddens him even more is that when a China man was executed, he saw a group of China people cheering loudly.

This kind of applause is particularly harsh to him.

At this moment, he understood that "studying medicine can't save China people", and he wanted to save the souls of China people.

He decided to "abandon medicine and join literature".

He wants a pen to wake up the numb people in China.

Lu Xun had two women in his life.

/kloc-returned from Japan in 0/906 and married Zhu An.

Zhu An

The two people who met 1 got married.

Mr. Lu Xun once said that "China people have no love", and he was very disgusted with the arranged marriage in China and the feudal ethics in China.

But he got married in Zhu An obediently, which was related to his mother, or because he thought it was a gift from her.

Lu Rui, Lu Xun's biological mother.

Out of filial piety, Lu Xun married a strange woman, but there was no love between them.

They get along like strangers. As for why they don't divorce Zhu An, there is another reason besides their mother's, that is, for Zhu An's consideration.

At that time, divorced women would be under certain pressure from public opinion, and Zhu An, who was deeply influenced by China's feudal thoughts, certainly could not bear such great pressure.

Lu Xun's other woman was his own choice.

Xu Guangping is a student of Lu Xun. Their first communication originated from a student's confusion about the future, and Lu Xun also wrote back.

When dealing with his students, he is not as inhuman as Mr. Lu Xun's works. He is gentle and amiable.

Since then, there have been frequent correspondence between teachers and students, and the relationship between them has become closer and closer.

For the relationship between two people, Lu Xun dare not move forward, he dare not love.

In the face of Lu Xun, Xu Guangping retaliated with a sentence that Lu Xun said in class.

God may not think so.

This story is a love story between a man and a woman of different ages. It is because of their age that they are not married.

A woman married someone else and a man met another woman.

But in the end, all four of them were unhappy.

At the end of the story, the man suddenly realized that "God may not think so".

Xu Guangping told Lu Xun her attitude by this sentence.

Childhood is the happiest time of Lu Xun, and the days with Xu Guangping in Shanghai are also the softest time in Lu Xun's heart.

Because of various considerations, Lu Xun did not divorce Zhu An, so the three people maintained a deformed marriage relationship.

On his deathbed, Zhu An commented on Lu Xun: "Mr. Zhou was not bad to me, and there was no quarrel between us ..."

This kind of arranged marriage is also one of the reasons why Lu Xun hates feudal ethics.

He hates "benevolence, righteousness and morality" because in his view, the whole book is "cannibalism".

In Lu Xun's vernacular novel A Madman's Diary, he criticized that "this period of history has no time, and the words' benevolence, righteousness and morality' are written on every page. I can't sleep anyway. I read it carefully in the middle of the night before I saw the words through the gap. The book is full of the word' cannibalism'! "

Lu Xun criticized not only the feudal ethics, but also the ethics of cannibalism. He also hates that he is a cannibal.

Lu Xun's pessimistic thoughts can also be reflected here.

He couldn't help thinking, under the example of several generations, are there really children who haven't eaten people?

He asked himself, "I haven't eaten other people's children, but I still have them?"

In addition, Lu Xun's attitude towards the future can also show his pessimism.

When Chen Duxiu and others called for the future, Lu Xun held a negative attitude towards the future of the Chinese nation, but Lu Xun's pessimism was that he believed in hope.

In the preface of Scream, he once said, "However, when it comes to hope, it cannot be erased, because hope lies in the future and cannot be proved by my necessity."

Lu Xun's pessimism may be because he has seen enough darkness and the numbness revealed by most ignorant China people.

Mr. Lu Xun once said in "Essays under the Light" that China had two eras: "One was when he was a slave, and the other was when he wanted to be a slave." .

This sentence by Mr. Lu Xun accurately summed up the characteristics of China people's oppression at that time, and Ah Q was a typical example.

Ah Q often finds someone to fight, and when he loses, he comforts himself that "my son finally hit me".

Ah Q will bully the little nun and find confidence in the weak, just like most people with bad nature. "The weak are angry, but they draw the blade to the weak."

Ah Q was angry when he was oppressed, but this anger didn't seem to be enough to make him resist, and then he gave in after comforting himself, just like Qian Qian paralyzed himself in China after being absolutely oppressed.

Lu Xun didn't know how to awaken this group of self-deceiving China people.

Ah Q's life is like a joke. I don't know why I got caught. After I was arrested, I wanted to kneel down when I met anyone. I don't know why I died when I died. Before I died, I comforted myself. Maybe people should be beheaded.

I don't know how many people in China have spent their lives in such a muddle.

Countless revolutionary fighters gave their lives for the people of China, but the medical China people dipped their blood in steamed bread because they thought steamed bread could cure diseases.

Lu Xun hated their callousness.

But he hated China's feudal ethics even more.

The China woman Xianglinsao in Blessing was forced to death by feudal oppression, and the China intellectual spirit in Kong Yiji was poisoned by feudal ethics.

Sadly, the characters in these works are not fictional, they are the epitome of countless people in China.

Maybe he didn't like China's traditional ethics, so that Lu Xun turned a deaf ear to Mei Lanfang.

Lu Xun has insulted Mei Lanfang many times, saying that "China's greatest art is to dress up as a woman".

Of course, it may also be purely personal preference.

No matter what the reason, the relationship between two people with national righteousness is not good.

Mei Lanfang also didn't attend Lu Xun's funeral.

1936, Mr. Lu Xun died of illness, and his death shocked countless people in China.

In the funeral procession, the crowd sang Xian Xinghai's improvised Song of Rest.

A flag with "soul of china" printed on it slowly covered the coffin, and people also sent this "national backbone" away.

Lu Xun once said that there are two kinds of destruction, one is "pirate destruction" and the other is "innovative destruction", and Lu Xun is undoubtedly the latter.

He walked in the dark, fighting against the darkness and trying to win the light.

As he said, "If there is no torch fire afterwards, I will be the only light." He took words as light and lit up the road of the Chinese nation.

The great man once commented that "Lu Xun's direction is the direction of the new culture of the Chinese nation." What makes me admire and helpless is that what Mr. Lu Xun ridiculed still exists today.

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[5] Comments by Lin Xianzhi. Xinmin said that the selected works of Lu Xun were 1[M]. Guilin: Guangxi Normal University Press.2018. : 329