What is the language art of China crosstalk?

Crosstalk is one of the most comic and humorous characters in China Quyi. China is similar to a cross talk performance, and the people and things that win with the wit and humor of dialogue are very common in history. As an independent performance form, crosstalk was formed in Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty (1851-1861). The earliest known crosstalk artists are Zhang Sanlu and Zhu Shaowen. Among them, Zhu Shaowen's stage name is "Being Poor and Not Afraid". It is said that he often performs art in Tianqiao, a concentrated exhibition place of folk art in Beijing. When performing cross talk, he first put Baisha in his hand, sprinkled "palindrome poems" like "draw a picture of a lotus monk and write a book with Chinese characters in it" on the ground, and then casually learned to sell or sing Taiping lyrics to attract the audience. Then he said he would perform cross talk. This is also the artistic situation of early crosstalk artists. The reason why his stage name is "Being poor and not afraid" can be found in the poems carved on the bamboo board (a percussion instrument) he used. In his poem, he said, "Eat a thousand meals a day and stay at the ancient temple at night. Don't do anything illegal, even to see the king. " There are four apprentices of Zhu Shaowen, whose stage names are "Poor with Foundation", "Fu Yougen", "Xu Luyou" and "Fan Youyuan". Even the stage name is a teacher. Zhu Shaowen is a famous contemporary crosstalk artist, including He Shen. Together with Zhu Shaowen, they formed three schools of crosstalk artists' early learning. After more than a century of development, in the 1990s, crosstalk artists have been handed down for eight generations. Since the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, the art of cross talk has not only improved and enriched the performance skills, but also emerged different representative artists in different historical periods. For example, in the late Qing Dynasty, Yu Delong, Jiao Dehai, Zhou Deshan, Lu Dejun and other artists with the word "Germany" were called "eight virtues in tune". In the early years of the Republic of China, Li De, whose stage name was "heartthrob", Hou Ma, who was in the period of the Republic of China and later established a reputation in People's Republic of China (PRC), including Ma Ji, a student of Hou, and Ma Ji, all took their own names. There are three forms of cross talk. In the early days, it was mainly stand-up crosstalk performed by one person, similar to telling small jokes or humorous stories. Later, there appeared a "cross talk" in which two people performed together. One is called "CuO" by Party A and the other is called "CuO" by Party B.. The performance of "cross talk" is to create jokes in the dialogue and inspire people. Because the theme and content of the program are different, the program that A said echoes B is called "one head is heavy"; Tell Party A and Party B to argue about the program "Mother and Child"; Programs with long recitations or rhyming performances are called "oral works"; The program that imitates the content of singing opera is called "Six Fires". Another form of multi-person performance with three or more people is called "cross talk". During the performance, one person "teases" many people to hug, and another person interrupts, which is called "tired of sewing". Among these three forms, "cross talk" is the most common and universal, and it is the main body of its artistic style. Crosstalk performance, as a kind of quyi form to achieve artistic aesthetics through entertainment, its basic requirement is to make the audience laugh. The cross talk is called "Bao Yier" by people in the industry, which refers to the effect and theme that the program suddenly shows after repeated preparation. Usually, jokes are required to show inevitability by accident, which makes the audience feel that it is unexpected and it is reasonable to think about it. Therefore, thinking wisdom and rhetorical skills, such as playing hard to get, distracting western attention, misunderstanding and coincidence, are often used in the art of cross talk. Besides humor, satire is its basic aesthetic feature, because cross talk inspires the audience through jokes and expresses thoughts, love and disgust. Crosstalk is also widely circulated because of its unique aesthetic effect. In addition to the Han nationality, there are "dialect crosstalk" and crosstalk performed in minority languages, such as "Tibetan crosstalk" in some remote areas and minority areas in China.