Zhan Tianyou's deeds

Zhan Tianyou (1861April 26, 2009–1965438+April 24, 2009), a native of Nanhai, Guangdong Province, was originally from Wuyuan, Jiangxi Province, and was the first railway engineer in China. He was responsible for the construction of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway and other projects, including "China Railway".

Devote oneself to building roads

1887, Tangxu Railway extended to Tianjin, and Kaiping Railway Company was changed to Tianjin China Railway Company. 1888, Zhan Tianyou entered Tianjin China Railway Company and lived on the construction site with his family, starting from helping the engineering department. When he began to devote himself to building roads, foreign leaders often sent him to the most difficult sections. Because of his strong dedication and hard work, he first entered the railway and completed the track-laying project of Jintang (Tanggu to Tianjin) with high quality. In the construction of Luan River Bridge on Jin-Yu Railway, the difficult problem of pier foundation construction that foreign engineering companies failed to solve was solved. The pier foundation was successfully built for the first time on China Railway. This bridge is more than 630 meters long, which is the longest steel bridge of China Railway before the Yellow River Bridge was completed. Its successful completion has attracted the attention of China and foreign countries, and the creative ability of China engineers has begun to attract foreign attention. 1894 was elected to the British Institution of Civil Engineers, becoming the first China engineer to join the institution. 1894 The Sino-Japanese War broke out and the railway outside Shanhaiguan was stopped. He transferred from the railway outside Shanhaiguan to the Jin-Lu Railway (Tianjin to Beijing Lugou Bridge) and led a team to survey and build roads. 1895, China was defeated in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, and stepped up the construction of coastal railways. Zhan Tianyou was sent to Jinzhou Railway as an engineering office to direct the construction of the branch line from Goubangzi to Yingkou (about 73km). After Yingkou Branch Line 1900 was opened to traffic, Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing, and the railways inside and outside Guankou were occupied by Britain and Russia, and the railways outside Guankou stopped working. Zhan Tianyou was sent to Jiangxi Pingyao Railway. On this road, he opposed the idea of foreign engineers adopting narrow gauge and insisted on adopting standard gauge. 190 1 year, after the signing of the Xin Chou Peace Treaty, the railways inside and outside Shanhaiguan were returned to China by Britain and Russia, and Zhan Tianyou participated in the work of recovering the roads from the Russian empire, which quickly resumed traffic, which attracted the attention of the Qing government. 1902, the Qing government decided to build Xinyi Railway (43km from Gaobeidian in Xincheng County to Lianggezhuang in yi county) for the burial of Cixi to Xiling. As Britain and France were at loggerheads over the right to build, the Qing government had to build it by itself and appointed Zhan Tianyou as the chief engineer. 1903 was completed and opened to traffic in April despite the urgent construction period and winter construction. The rapid completion of this highway has prepared for the independent construction of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. During this period, after Zhan Tianyou returned to Guangdong to attend his father's funeral, he surveyed the Chaoshan Railway (39 kilometers from Chaozhou to Shantou) and passed through Shanghai on his way home. He was employed as the engineering consultant of Shanghai China Railway Company, planning the Shanghai-Nanjing Railway in Jiangsu and inspecting the Daoqing Railway (crossing to Tsinghua150km).

win?honour?for?the?country

1905- 1909 In order to develop commerce, the Qing government decided to build the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. Zhan Tianyou was assigned to preside over the road construction, first as the General Affairs Department and General Affairs Department, and then promoted to General Affairs Department and General Affairs Department. This road runs from Beijing to Zhangjiakou and across the Du Jun Mountains. The terrain is steep and the project is extremely arduous. It is about 200 kilometers long and is the main road leading to the northwest. In order to compete for the right to build roads, Britain and Russia were deadlocked, and the Qing government decided to build it by itself, but it lacked confidence. Foreigners are talking about China's inability to complete the road construction project. Zhan Tianyou thought: "Our country is vast in territory and rich in resources, and it is shameful to rely on outsiders along the way!" In the face of foreigners' sarcasm, he led all road builders with great courage to face difficulties. Qi Xin won glory for his country.

At the beginning of construction, there was a shortage of engineers and technicians. Zhan Tianyou only led two engineering students to survey Zhangjiakou from Fengtai via Nankou and Badaling in May 1905, and then made a reverse survey, and selected the contrast line from Yanqing to Changping via Deshengkou and the Ming Tombs (the Yongding River Valley route was also considered, but no survey was conducted due to the arduous project, limited funds and time. In June, he returned to Tianjin General Administration, put forward the investigation report and drew up the construction plan. It is planned to be built in three parts. The first section (Fengtai to Nankou) will be started first, so as to benefit from the early traffic. The second section (from Nankou to Chadao City) and the third section (from Chadao City to Zhangjiakou) will be investigated in detail. Especially in the second section from Zhongnankou to Badaling, the terrain is steep, and further comparison lines need to be selected. The report said, "If this road becomes one day earlier, the public will benefit from it one day earlier, business travelers will enjoy its convenience one day earlier, and foreigners will envy it one day earlier; The difficulty of building roads is actually unprecedented. "