What if you are bitten by a snake in the wild?

What I want to communicate with you here is the knowledge of anti-snake safety in the wild. When it comes to wild exploration, some friends may think of the thrilling scene of poisonous snakes and beasts. In fact, there is absolutely no need for wild animals to worry. Because their numbers are getting smaller and smaller, meeting them in the wild is almost like winning the lottery. I really want to see it. Snakes are common animals. Many friends are afraid of snakes. Actually, it's not necessary Listen to me. You should have some knowledge of meeting snakes in the wild. Of course, for friends who don't know much about reptiles, this is just a little superficial knowledge. Please don't laugh at experts, masters and heroes

There are about 220 kinds of snakes in China, among which 170 kinds are common. Among these snakes, 48 species are the most common poisonous snakes. Among them, 10 species of poisonous snakes are posterior-toothed poisonous snakes, and their toxicity is very weak, so fangs are not easy to bite people. This 10 poisonous snake has no substantial harm to people. There are 38 kinds left. Among the 38 species, there are 15 species of sea snakes, which live in the sea and are highly toxic, but we have little chance to contact them, so we can put them aside. At present, there are only 23 species of poisonous snakes left, and quite a few of them are very rare because of their narrow distribution or small number, such as Medog Bamboo Leaf in Tibet, which we rarely see. From this point of view, we only have 10 species of poisonous snakes, such as: ferrochromium head, bamboo leaf green, Agkistrodon acutus, golden ring snake, silver ring snake, king cobra, cobra and viper. Geographically, Agkistrodon halys are distributed all over the country except the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the area south of about 25 degrees north latitude, and other major poisonous snakes are distributed in the area south of the Yangtze River in China (Journal of Zoology).

As long as friends carefully identify and remember these dozens of poisonous snakes, they don't have to worry about not being able to tell the difference between poisonous snakes and non-poisonous snakes in the wild. In fact, most snakes we meet in the wild are nontoxic. Although some snakes are brightly colored and very scary, such as the jade spotted snake, they are actually nontoxic. Some snakes are also scary to put on airs, such as the three-rope brocade snake, which has a neck half the size of a palm and makes a cobra-like sound. It is also harmless.

A friend said that the main difference between poisonous snakes and non-poisonous snakes is whether the head is triangular, whether the tail is sharp or sharp (sharp and nontoxic, sharp and toxic), and whether the action is rapid (quick and nontoxic, slow and toxic). These statements have some truth, but they should not be copied mechanically. The most fundamental way is to distinguish and know these "horrible" friends. At worst, you can't be taunted.

Generally speaking, a poisonous snake will not attack people unless you pose a threat to it or enter its territory (cobra). I don't know how many times I had a rest in the wild, but I finally found it by accident, which scared many brain cells (I was scared when I suddenly saw J). Bungarus aurea is the most deadly poisonous snake (Guangdong and Guangxi), and its toxicity is actually more toxic than King cobra, except that King cobra is big and has a large amount of poison, and the survival rate of being bitten in the wild is very low (there is a joke that the best way to be bitten by King cobra is to find a big tree and wait for death slowly). The poison of Bungarus multicinctus and Bungarus multicinctus is mainly neurotoxic. It is painless to bite, just like a mosquito bite, and then itches, so most people don't pay much attention to it, resulting in a very high mortality rate (especially in rural areas). In fact, as long as it is handled properly and treated in time, the mortality rate should not be so much.

What about being kissed by a snake? First of all, you should firmly believe that you will never die. How can a snake make you say goodbye to this world forever? Be calm and don't panic (because panic will speed up the heartbeat and blood circulation). You know, being killed by a snake is the same as winning the 5 million prize. You didn't win the 5 million prize, did you? . Of course, you can't find a big tree to lie down and wait for death, but try to kill the snake that bit you (don't worry about protecting wild animals at this time, of course, if you see any snake bite you, let it live). Distinguish whether the snake that bit you is poisonous or not. Most poisonous snakes have two extremely long fangs in the upper part of their mouths. If there are only one or two rows of fine teeth in the upper part of the snake's mouth and there are no protruding fangs, it is generally non-toxic. If you can't find the snake that bit you, see if there are two or three deep cavities in the wound. If there is, it may be bitten by a poisonous snake. If there are only two rows of thin tooth marks, it is not bitten by a poisonous snake.

Even if bitten by a poisonous snake, it doesn't matter. As long as it is handled properly, it can generally be cured. The method is to tie it to the bitten wound with a rubber rope 15 ~ 20 cm distance to prevent blood circulation. If there is no rubber rope, you can use another rope (there is always a belt, right? )。 Then cross the wound with a knife (if you can't find a knife in an emergency, you can find a clean stone to suck a thin stone as a scalpel) and try to squeeze out the blood from the wound. If the wound is red, swollen and purple, suck out the thick blood with your mouth (as long as there is no wound in your mouth, don't be afraid). Rinse your mouth with water every time, and then suck it again. If possible, clean the wound with diluted potassium permanganate solution or rinse with water. It doesn't matter if there is no water, just squeeze it with your hands and suck it with your mouth. After smoking, find some tender grass and leaves (don't look for plants like Lysimachia christinae) and chew them a few times before spitting them out (in order to clean your mouth). One thing to pay attention to here is to loosen the rubber rope every 1 ~ 2 minutes to let the blood circulate normally, otherwise the muscles near the wound will be necrotic due to insufficient blood supply, so don't worry that the venom will flow into the heart, because I believe you have squeezed out a lot of blood and venom in the previous ten minutes. On the one hand, new blood can provide nutrition, on the other hand, it can neutralize the diluted residue. After the above treatment, you can generally get a few more hours to the nearest hospital. After all this work is done, it's time to apply and take snake medicine. There are many kinds of snake medicine, which are sold in pharmacies. Remember to prepare them when you go to the wild. I used Ji Desheng snake medicine from Nantong Pharmaceutical Factory (much like advertising words). Put half of it on the wound and take the other half away. After that, if it is a snake with little toxicity, it can completely continue to take risks. If it is a poisonous snake such as golden ring snake, silver ring snake and cobra, you can also go to the nearest hospital for emergency treatment in your spare time. I was bitten by a bamboo leaf and continued to explore after treatment. Of course, there was nothing I could do at that time. The nearest hospital is two days away from me. Anyway, it's just one point. Don't be afraid if you are bitten by a snake. You can't win the lottery. If you want to deal with it calmly, you can usually get through the danger. But don't mess with the king cobra, I'm afraid of it!

For camping in the wild, it is best to find a place with water nearby. However, it should be noted that you should not camp near the water, especially in the flash flood season. When the rainstorm comes, the mountain stream is a dangerous place for flash floods. Find a place with higher ground and flat leeward. There are bigger trees and fewer shrubs around. Whether you are putting up a tent or sleeping bag, you must do a good job before that. That's cleaning up the site. Clean up the sleeping place. Build a small low wall around a tent or sleeping bag with stones. About ten centimeters high is enough, which can prevent some bugs from crawling over. It is best to bring sulfur powder, and it is ideal to sprinkle some sulfur powder around.

Here's a little experience. Find some dry wood and sticks and make a fire where you want to sleep (be careful not to cause a mountain fire). This fire has several functions. First, it can drive away some insects on the surface and underground. First, because of the smell of fireworks, some insects and wild animals don't like to get close at night. There is less moisture in overheated land, which reduces the occurrence of rheumatism. Clean up after the fire is completely extinguished. Of course, there are strict restrictions on burning fires in the wild. Here are just some experiences. We don't recommend that you stay in the wild fire collection. After all, most friends only camp in the wild for a day or two occasionally, not for a long time. Fortunately, the tent sleeping bag is very advanced and has many functions.

In fact, there are very few wild animals in the world that can directly harm us. The real threat to us from outdoor activities is some unexpected accidents. Mountain torrents, falling rocks, falling, getting lost, etc.