Indian middle school

Indian Institute of Technology: Millionaires Make Machines

CBS's "60 Minutes" program once used an entire episode to introduce it, saying that "adding Harvard, MIT and Princeton together is its position in India." Business Week boldly concluded that the graduates of this school are "the hottest export products in Indian history".

This is the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT). It doesn't have the grand and eternal architecture of the old famous schools, nor the expensive and luxurious advanced equipment of the emerging universities. Its history is not long, but more than 50 years; But its "products" are all guaranteed by lettering. Today, it has changed from an Indian school with a strong curry flavor to a legendary brand with dazzling light, and thus created the English term "IITian".

Without the foresight of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister, there would be no IIT that is internationally renowned today. 1947 After India's independence, Nehru foresaw that India's modernization and science and technology would play an important role. He appointed Sacquard, an industrialist, to lead a 22-member committee to study the establishment of a high-tech college based on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and set up branches in the east, west, north and south of India. IIT system was born in Yan, and seven schools have been printed so far.

"The most important task of IIT is to be the pride of India." Thain, director of the student training and consulting department of IIT Delhi Campus, stressed. Fifty-five years ago, when the first listening IIT was established, it was chosen in Karapur, the prison where British colonists held Indian political prisoners. I hope the school will always remember that "talent is the foundation of India's prosperity". From the beginning of the school, IIT's position and goal were very clear, training first-class talents for India's scientific and technological development and national modernization project. The Indian government concentrates most of the country's higher education resources on this school with a natural national mission: not only the infrastructure and conditions are superior to other universities, but also in order to make the school develop faster, the Indian government has specially formulated an independent bill tailored for it, declaring IIT as an "important national institution", allowing the school to have a high degree of autonomy, and all curriculum design, enrollment and personnel recruitment are decided by the academic parliament composed of teachers, without interference and pressure from non-academic forces. Rebuilding the country with brain power is IIT's motto and national strategy. It is this idea that has promoted the rise of IIT and India.

"We have absolute freedom to choose who to teach, who to teach and what to teach." A.K. Singh, Director of Academic Development Department of Mumbai Campus, analyzed three keys to IIT's success.

First-class: only 2% admission rate.

The seven branches of IIT7 enroll more than 4,000 new students every year. Tens of millions of middle school students in India can only squeeze into this narrow door through one channel-taking the Joint Examination (JEE).

IIT is notoriously difficult in the world: more than 300,000 middle school students with excellent grades apply for JEE every year, and the admission rate is less than 2%, even lower than Harvard University's 13%. Therefore, there is a popular saying in India: first-class students enter IIT, and second-rate students go abroad to study in famous American schools.

JEE only takes physics, mathematics and chemistry, and he has to take it twice. Brush off 40% of the students for the first time, and select the candidates who can finally enter the school for the second time. It is often the elite who can get out of IIT. An alumnus who graduated from IIT Campr and now works as an engineer in Silicon Valley in the United States affirmed that JEE can really screen out good students, and candidates who only recite multiple-choice questions will definitely fail. According to his own experience, the ranking of JEE test scores is almost exactly the same as that of subjects who graduated from school four years later.

Although IIT is a narrow school gate, it is a ticket to a successful life. Even though the annual tuition fee is nearly 6,000 yuan, which is 100 times that of other public universities (Nehru University, a key national university in India, has tuition and miscellaneous fees of 330.5 rupees for undergraduates and master students in the 2006-2007 academic year, which is about RMB 57 yuan-editor's note), it is still the dream of hundreds of millions of Indian parents and students.

Lao Ao, an assistant professor at the Academy of Social Sciences of Nehru University who specializes in India's excellent educational institutions, pointed out that Indian children began to prepare for IIT at the age of 1 1, and worked hard day and night just to enter this "everyone's dream" school. Laoo pointed out that other universities or polytechnics in India can only award bachelor's degrees in engineering, but IIT can award B. Tech. (Bachelor of Science and Technology) This alone highlights its special position in India.

Advantages: the government is vigorously cultivating.

It is the unremitting cultivation of the government that has created the unique advantages of IIT.

From an international perspective, IIT's resources are certainly not rich. There are 7 branch schools with more than 30,000 students, and the annual funding is about 654.38+0 billion yuan. However, from the perspective of India, IIT is "rich" and makes other schools jealous. The government's annual subsidies to thousands of other polytechnic colleges add up to only over 30 million yuan, only 3% of IIT.

In this unique environment, IIT students can not help but have a "unique" pride and self-confidence. "As long as you can get into IIT, no matter where you go, you will succeed." Asnani, a sophomore majoring in computer science in Mumbai, IIT, still remembers that after learning that he was admitted to IIT, his parents were overjoyed and almost went bankrupt, and invited the whole village neighbors to dinner for several days. "We all know that after finishing IIT, as long as I work for a few months, my investment in my family can be fully recovered." Asnani never doubted that his future would be smooth sailing.

When foreign universities try their best to urge teachers to write papers in order to win a good ranking in the global university rankings, IIT emphasizes the evaluation of teachers' performance rather than the number of published papers. Therefore, IIT barely entered the top 500 in the global university ranking of Shanghai Jiaotong University, which pays attention to the number of papers. However, according to the academic reputation of its peers, IIT University ranks among the top 50 universities in the London Times Global University Ranking. Its engineering field even ranks third in the world, second only to MIT and Berkeley.

Teaching: read, read and read again.

In addition to the generous support of the government, IIT's educational model is almost Spartan, and it pays equal attention to cultivating students' theory and practice, which is well received by all walks of life.

Students should complete 180 credits before graduation, including 20 credits for basic science; A school-wide examination is held every five weeks, and the results are ranked in the whole school. From freshman year, I have to take six science and engineering courses and two or three experimental courses every semester; Under the arrangement of the school, all students should practice in at least one enterprise. "Classes start at 7: 30 in the morning and end at 5: 30 in the afternoon, five days a week, except reading." Kara is studying electrical engineering in IIT in Delhi. Although she has finished Grade Three, she is still busy every day, so she has no time to play.

The school attaches great importance to cultivating students' independent thinking ability and practical ability. The teacher will teach students many methods, but he requires students to solve problems in their own way. There are not many questions in the exam, but independent thinking is required. Maybe students can't solve a problem, but as long as the thinking process is clear, they can get a good evaluation. Here, mathematics and chemistry are the national key training, and the teacher will give you many complicated problems, so you can find a way to solve them yourself. Of course, the requirements are particularly high, and some even require students to answer to the fourth place after the decimal point. However, IIT students seldom complain that their homework is too heavy. They developed a "ability to solve the most difficult problems". "Don't force them to study, IIT people know that hard work will be successful."

It is precisely because IIT students have first-class professional strength and solid English ability that every year from June to February, 5438, multinational companies are stationed in seven campuses to recruit talents. Usually within two weeks, all the students will be snapped up. "IIT people will know where they are going before they leave campus." Shamar of Delhi Branch pointed out.

Silicon valley: the biggest beneficiary of IIT

In 2003, IIT celebrated its 50th anniversary in Silicon Valley. Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft, praised it as an "incredible" school with global influence, and said it helped the computer industry greatly. Silicon Valley is the biggest beneficiary of IIT education. According to the research statistics of Professor Saxon Nyan of Berkeley, 40% of the 2,000 start-ups in Silicon Valley were founded by Indians, and most of them graduated from IIT.

According to statistics, among all universities in the world, IIT University has the highest proportion of millionaires (dollars). Founder of information system, co-founder of Shengyang Computer, managing director of McKinsey & Company, CEO of Vodafone Group and chief technology officer of Netway are all world-renowned IIT alumni.

The success story of IIT, from the board of directors of American enterprises to the Wall Street stock market, has even reached a superb level. For example, it is said that IIT students can solve all kinds of complicated scientific problems before they learn to drive.

Whether in universities or enterprises, Americans are crazy about these "curry heads". For example, George Mei Sen University in Washington, D.C. provides 60 full scholarships for IIT graduates every year, and subsidizes accommodation fees to pay for their internships in American enterprises.

In this golden age of rapid development of science and technology industry, 70% IIT graduates will go abroad every year, and most of them will settle in the United States. In the past 50 years, IIT has trained170,000 graduates, and more than 35,000 people have stayed in the United States. There used to be a joke in India that entering IIT means stepping on Indian land with one foot and entering Air India with the other.

An old professor of IIT once said that if India wants to develop, there is no one but us. A student of IIT said that we study here not only for ourselves and our family, but also for our country. With such ambition and dedication, how can a country not rise rapidly?

IIT has been cultivating talents who can think from scratch, generate new ideas and become leaders, so graduates can succeed not only in science, but also in business. This is what the president of IIT Mumbai Branch said.

Many big companies in the world have set up R&D bases here to make use of IIT's human resources.

Thomas, the author of The World is Flat. Friedman said that thought decides everything. The concept, distance, technology and infrastructure of future rationality are similar, but the only difference is the mind-the fully exercised mind.

Some countries such as the United States have already felt that India is threatening themselves, Thomas. Friedman called on the US government to provide unlimited budget for chemistry and engineering education.

Although there are schools like IIT in India, the admission rate of Indian universities is 7%, which is relatively low. So the Indian government is determined to double this figure by 20 15. In addition, the enrollment rate of Indian primary and secondary schools is relatively low, much better than that of China, but we can't be grateful. Although the enrollment rate in China is relatively high now, we all know the quality of teaching. Therefore, the Ministry of Education will carry out undergraduate teaching quality inspection and doctoral quality inspection, but hopes for greater reform.