What does stuttering mean?

What does stuttering mean? This is what is commonly called stuttering. If you repeat your pronunciation or stutter when you speak, it is what we call stuttering, which is a habitual speech defect. This is what stuttering means.

What does stuttering mean? 1 stuttering is commonly known as stuttering. It is the unsmooth and involuntary repetition and elongation of language that makes it difficult to speak.

Clinical manifestations are mainly as follows:

First, the characteristics of language. It shows that when speaking, people are eager to express the external language, and their speech speed is too fast, too urgent and too fierce, so they can't coordinate with the internal language, and there is no normal rhythm and pause. This is the core content of stuttering disorder. When speaking, the tone is incoherent, the pronunciation is repeatedly paused, and the jam is also the core content of stuttering. Speaking is usually accompanied by chest tightness, shortness of breath and other phenomena, and even serious dancing and facial muscle twitching.

Second, performance is psychological characteristics. Due to long-term stuttering, stutterers generally show feelings of inferiority, fear and anxiety. It will also be affected in cognition. People mistakenly believe that stuttering is a mental illness, and many physical therapies have been used to correct it. But when the ideal effect is not achieved, people think that stuttering is an incurable disease, which leads to complete loss of confidence, despair and pessimism.

Thirdly, I think stuttering is a terrible thing. Many things I can't do well are caused by stuttering, which in turn magnifies, generalizes and absolutes the harm of stuttering. Physiologically, it is mainly caused by the tension and spasm of respiratory muscles, laryngeal muscles and other organs related to development. It can also be a psychological disorder caused by language barriers, which in turn affects language barriers, and the two interact with each other, thus causing a disorder symptom of language psychology.

What does stuttering mean? 2 Symptoms of stuttering in children

There are many manifestations of children's stuttering, which are usually divided into three categories in medicine: difficult initials, repeated words and sentence-breaking. And 96% stuttering is characterized by difficulty in pronouncing the first word. Most children only have speech symptoms in the early stage, and some severe patients may have various accompanying actions caused by physiological stress, such as lip, jaw, neck muscle spasm, tongue muscle tremor, stamping, blinking, turning head and so on. At this time, parents' attitudes, social setbacks, mental stress and other factors can promote the increase of stuttering and accompanying movements.

1, the first word is difficult to pronounce: the first word can't be pronounced, the first word is repeated, and the pronunciation of the first word in the middle of the discourse;

2. Word repetition: the frequent repetition or extension of sounds or syllables affects the fluency of speech;

3. There is no obstacle to the expression content: due to the tension and spasm of the pronunciation-respiratory organs, the language rhythm is unbalanced;

4. Rule out TIC disorder and other nervous system diseases. When a child speaks, he may be accompanied by stamping his foot, waving his hand, blinking, crooked mouth, trembling lips, shaking his trunk and other actions. Some children are often excited or agitated, accompanied by emotional instability and sleep disorders.

With the growth of age, children will also have emotional and behavioral abnormalities such as anxiety, shyness, irritability, reluctance to participate in group activities, fear of speaking in class, dislike of communication, and becoming lonely and withdrawn. If not corrected, it will eventually lead to stubborn stuttering.

Causes of stuttering in children

1, genetic factors

If there is a family history of illness, then the incidence rate of children is 36-55%, so some people think that the disease belongs to single gene inheritance. In addition, some surveys have found that there are many left-handed patients and their relatives, so some people think that this is related to the dominant sides of the left and right brains.

2. Physical factors

Many children have suffered some adverse effects in perinatal period and early childhood, such as: mother had prenatal eclampsia during pregnancy, physical diseases or children suffered from some infectious diseases during their growth, which led to the damage of nervous system, which led to language expression disorders.

3. Mental factors

Most children have suffered some acute or long-term mental injuries, so many experts believe that such factors are the main cause of the disease.

4. Other factors

Some children who have never been to school are mainly caused by their long-term imitation. According to the investigation, some medical studies have concluded that stuttering may be related to the enhancement of some structural activities in the brain, poor coordination of vocal muscles and biochemical disorders of basal ganglia, but the exact factors need further study.

What should children do if they stutter?

1, don't scold, don't punish, don't blame, don't laugh at children, and all ways that will bring psychological burden to children can't be taken, even unintentionally.

Be patient with them and don't care too much about what they say. Instead, we should actively encourage them to speak out, guide them to speak slowly and express their ideas.

3. If necessary, parents will completely repeat what the child said in simple words after the child has expressed his thoughts. This way can not only express what parents have understood, but also tell children the correct expression method. But be careful not to force children to repeat over and over again like doing wrong questions, which will only bring pressure to children and aggravate their illness.

4. Starting from their actual situation, take them to read ballads and read smoothly, and tell them simple stories and jokes. During the entertainment time, children are in the most relaxed state and can have "casual" conversations while playing with them. At this time, they are paying attention to their own movements, their attention is diverted, and their expression obstacles will be alleviated.

5. Let children develop a good personality and mentality. Even those children who are extroverted, bold and confident get this disease, and they will get faster improvement because their inner feelings are not so sensitive. Children who are fragile, timid and anxious may get worse and eventually lead to secondary stuttering. If the child denies himself and thinks that he really can't do it, then he can't express himself bravely any more, so it is difficult to correct stuttering.

6. Don't let children contact people with this disease for a long time, and don't force children to change their habitual hands.

What does stuttering mean? 3. stuttering stuttering treatment.

1, training

Generally speaking, speech training is the simplest way to treat stuttering. Methods: Patients can recite some poems or articles at home, and through word-for-word recitation, they can adapt to the normal way of speaking over time. It should be noted that in the training process, patients don't have to rush, accumulate vocabulary through reading, read slowly, and don't have to speed up speaking until they get used to speaking.

2. Psychotherapy

Some boys usually speak normally, but they stutter when communicating with girls. This stuttering is caused by psychological problems, so psychological treatment is needed. Experts suggest that patients can go to a professional psychological clinic for treatment, or give themselves some psychological hints at home, so that they are no longer afraid of those things, enhance their self-confidence, do not need to think too much about the adverse consequences of stuttering, and reduce their psychological pressure, so that stuttering will gradually leave you.

Etiology of stuttering in children

First, genetic factors.

The family incidence of stuttering patients can reach 36% ~ 55%, so some people think it is related to genetic factors, which may be a single gene inheritance. It has also been found that left-handers and their relatives in stuttering patients often think that stuttering is related to the dominant side of the brain.

Second, physical factors.

Many children have been affected by harmful factors in perinatal period or infancy, such as maternal toxemia and bleeding, physical diseases or some infectious diseases during development, which weaken the nervous system function, affect speech function and lead to stuttering.

Third, mental factors.

Children's stuttering often occurs after acute or long-term mental trauma, so many theories think that mental factors may be an important cause of stuttering.

Fourth, other factors.

Some preschool children stutter because of imitation. According to the clinical efficacy of EEG, EMG and haloperidol, it is concluded that stuttering may be related to the disharmony of the activities of the limbic system and reticular complex to enhance the function of vocal muscles, and there are biochemical obstacles in the basal ganglia, but further clinical demonstration is needed.

Clinical manifestations of stuttering

1, the core behavior of stuttering

Also known as the core symptom of stuttering. It refers to your stuttering and abnormal language expression. In other words, you should have a smooth and rhythmic language expression process, which is interrupted by too many uncontrollable voices repeating, delaying and getting stuck.

2. Other manifestations of stuttering

Also called the second act of stuttering, or the second symptom of stuttering. It refers to all kinds of abnormal actions and behaviors that you show in order to escape and get rid of stuttering. For example, blinking, stamping, clearing throat, twitching face and head, biting fingers-and deliberately not talking, or avoiding situations that make you feel stressed and stuttering, etc.