What are the English loanwords in Cantonese?

There are three main ways to borrow English words in Cantonese. The first is the Cantonese pronunciation of English words (such as boss), the second is the direct use of English words (such as: I am happy), and the third is half English and half Cantonese (such as wave shoes). Why borrow it? I think the first reason is fresh and trendy, and the second reason is that the original Chinese pronunciation is not loud enough or unlucky (Cantonese people are the most "intentional"). For example, strawberry likes to say "Stoli pear" in Cantonese because the pronunciation of the word strawberry is equal to unlucky mildew, which comes from English strawberry. This word sounds loud and auspicious (pear = profit).

One: Food articles

Cantonese, English, Mandarin or explanation examples

Pie and apple pie

Pizza pizza Italian pancake

American plums

Cherry cherry

Cheese cheese

Chocolate chocolate

Brandy brandy

Pudding pudding, dessert fruit pudding

Cream cream

Sardines sardines

Salad salad, raw vegetables

Tart tart is a kind of pastry egg tart.

Milkshake milkshake

Ban Ji pan bing pancake

Toast, Toast Sido

Tuna, tuna, tuna.

Salmon salmon

Sandwich sandwich

French wine Bollanti cognac

Self-help self-help self-help food is not fat

Cookies, cookies, cookies, Danish blue cans of cookies

A biscuit, a biscuit.

Wafer is a biscuit.

Gel jelly

Ground beef

Omelets

Guozhan jam

Zhouda chowder is a western-style soup.

Binzhi mixed juice mixed fruit binzhi

Toffee, a kind of sugar that drags fat

Two: sports articles

Modern sports, including football, basketball and table tennis. It is estimated that it was also introduced to China by early overseas students and overseas Chinese in Guangdong. China's first table tennis world champion was Rong Guotuan from Guangdong and Zhuhai (1959 won the championship). So many English sports words are commonly used in Cantonese. I dare say that many Cantonese people don't know that they are from English. The purpose of studying this is to explore its source.

* * Wave = Ball = Ball * *

Anyone who has learned a little Cantonese knows that Cantonese people call the ball wave, which comes from the English ball. So there are: surfing, kicking, surfing, surfing shoes, surfing shirts, and so on. However, because I don't know when it started, Hong Kong people called women's breasts waves. Cantonese people began to use the word wave carefully.

* * Table tennis * *

When I was a child, I played table tennis. If I play a seven-point system, if the score is 6-6, then either side must win two points in a row. Even my semi-literate grandmother knows that this rule is a trick. I have been thinking about what this tricky thing is for more than ten years, and finally I found it is an English word: deuce.

The spinning ball of table tennis is called "West" in Guangdong. For example, if the ball spins badly, say, "What wave are you driving?" . It is the opponent's "eating the west" to score the spin ball. I also pondered the origin of this word for more than ten years, and finally found it to be a very simple English word: side.

Table tennis racket used to be called "wave board" in Cantonese, but now there are not many people using it. It is a "racket" in Mandarin. On the contrary, lollipops shaped like table tennis bats, known as "wave candy" in Cantonese, are still in use today. (Think of Stephen Chow's movie Kung Fu)

* * Football * *

Hong Kong TV news often says: toe-tail Rasi, as mentioned above, comes from the side.

There is also a more common one: shooting from pears, which means volley in English.

People stare at people on the court, which is called "Peng" in Cantonese, such as Peng, Peng, Peng, Peng, Peng, Peng, Peng, Peng, Peng, Peng, Peng. It comes from English, Mark. (This has puzzled me for more than ten years)

Foul out, Cantonese "no" (read the first sound), English foul. This is easy to guess. For example, the ball can't get out. (Hong Kong calls football referees football cards)

* * Basketball * *

Shooting, when we were young, we all said "shooting". After I finished writing, I found that the Chinese word throwing didn't mean projection, and I was confused again. It turned out to be the English word shoot. Cantonese reads long vowels as short vowels.

* * Others * *

Luna (roller skating): roller.

Wake up (boxing): boxing

Sluggie: snooker

Cue (billiards cue): cue

Melbourne Derby (Horse Racing): Derby

The above is only a rough collection, hoping to attract more attention.

Three: Life Articles

I wrote two blog posts "Food" and "Sports" about Cantonese learning English. Other English loanwords are difficult to classify, so let's call them "life articles".

The reason why English loanwords in Cantonese are the same as English loanwords in Mandarin is that there were no corresponding Chinese words at that time, such as "sandwich". Another main reason is that although there is a Chinese counterpart, it is fashionable to use English words to express it, such as "cherry". However, some foreign words were abandoned because they were not fashionable. Some of them are still in use.

English loanwords that have been abandoned or rarely used at present:

Stamp, Circus, percent, Sand Exhibition (police officer), custard (milk and egg paste), baking powder (power, baking powder), and a bone (quarter, quarter, 6544).

English loanwords still in use:

There are many sounds of s or SI in English, so there are many words of "scholar" in English loanwords in Cantonese, commonly known as "a lot of shit":

Bus, taxi, freak (case, case), lace (finally), lace, cheese (cheese), sun-baked cheese (size, size), tip (tip, tip) and fans (fans).

Also: shops, wrenches, spare tires, snooker, and so on.

Other examples:

Plum, pudding, order, motor, bikini, Lachen (license plate, license plate), carefree, movie.

English and Cantonese mixed words:

Ruler (read the first sound, check, check or check), such as: first open a ruler for you; Well, it's your turn to calculate when the next boat will leave.

Charging, plug comb (socket),

Sauna (steam bath), buffet (buffet),

Fares (tickets),

Christmas cards (cards),

Homosexuality, homosexuality (homosexuality)

Tie and Bow Tie: Donald Tsang, the chief executive of Hong Kong, is called "Bao Zeng" because he always wears a bow tie. Wait a minute.

Use English words directly:

For English loanwords, if the pronunciation is close to Cantonese and far from English, I will classify them as loanwords, such as taxi. The pronunciation is close to English, and there is no corresponding Chinese character in Cantonese. I think using English words directly, there is no process of Cantonese. Just "English with Cantonese accent". These words are: cancel, lovely, shopping, enjoying, relaxing, happy, yeah, present, cool, high and so on. Example:

This plan is for the younger generation to cancel; A cute one (pronounced q or q-tee); I went shopping with my wife. ...

The English loanwords in Cantonese collected in this paper are incomplete, but representative.

Four: the ultimate article

Today, while the iron is hot, I finished writing the topic of "English loanwords in Cantonese" and presented the last blog post on this topic, so it was called "the ultimate article".

The content of this issue is to collect words that people think are already in Chinese, but they are actually borrowed from English, so it is also called "Surprise Articles".

Smart: I can't believe it. Like modern, the word smart comes from English. The word "modern" is no longer modern; The word fashion is out of fashion. If you still use this word to mean fashion, you are not fashionable, out. Now you should use: good in, good hip, good hot, good cool or funky. After several years, I wonder what new words will appear.

Court: Beginners of Cantonese must learn the word "court", which is synonymous with "picking up girls" in Mandarin. In Jet Li's movie Fang Shiyu 2, Chen Jianuo, played by Adam Cheng, said: Gap is communication. In fact, this is a very funny scene in the movie. You may think that this word existed in the Qing Dynasty, but it actually existed in Hong Kong as early as the 1970s and 1980s. "ditch" comes from the English court, which also means "pursuit". 2/kloc-0 Since the century, the word "out" has become out again. Now Hong Kong people use the word "boundary girl", and there is a vertical knife behind the traditional word "boundary". In Cantonese, it means to cut with a knife, for example, boundary paper. The origin of the word "border girl" remains to be verified.

Boycholt: This word has been used in Cantonese for a long time, and now it is widely used in Mandarin.

Several chemicals also come from English: potassium cyanide and diluent. They don't mean "dust on the mountain" or "water in the sky". There is also a perfume for men: cologne, which has nothing to do with martial arts novelist Gu Long.

These things have existed in Guangdong for many years: laine, decron, casette, hose. The "cold shirt" is called it not because it is worn in cold weather, but because it comes from laine (wool) in France. Sorry, this is not English, but the English word is yarn. "Really cool" is not because this kind of clothes is cool to wear. "Card" is not because tape is like a card. "Water hose" is not "water hose". These, even if you are a Cantonese with a good English level, are probably unexpected.

Ransum (ransom): Tie your ticket and treat you not as a "ginseng" but as your ransom.

Fight: There is an old saying in Guangdong, not "don't play", but "don't fight with others".

Singing prose (change, change): It's another Cantonese old saying. Singing is originally a change. How to sing "parting money"?

Sandpaper (certificate): When I was a child, the old man told me every day that he wanted to go to college and be a sandpaper. That's because a college degree is like sandpaper, which can grind away difficulties. I wonder if it's from English.

What happened to fashion? When you were young, if you were naughty, the old man would say, "What a good road!" " . It turns out that you are not a "fancy minister", but a fashion. In addition, there is another word: fashion show. Don't think you can eat peanuts and watch beautiful women at the same time.

Kiwi: Kiwi, the national fruit of New Zealand, is not "strange" in appearance.

Live music: audience, you don't have to sit so far. Live music doesn't need to broaden the space.

Rally: Yes, the "pull" of this cross-country sports car is indeed worth dozens of horses.

Rob: Robbers don't have to cover their heads. They can strike first. This word is seldom used.

Pop: Is there really a "pop" when taking "Smurfs" pills?

Bumjee jump: Tie your feet and jump. What a stupid pig!

Call in: The audience's phone exploded a hotline, which is really a "lighthouse".

Carnival: A group of postpartum revelry is really a "happy year".

Sink: Mom, why don't you untie the star rack in the sink?

Dad, I failed the exam this time. Boom: Don't discriminate on the basis of weight. Fat people also have smart people.

A-mei, hello teapot (troublesome): Of course, the troublesome person is "more saliva than tea"

Senior, I want to sue you for sexually harassing me: I don't need a knife and fork, just a piece of paper and a phone call.

The last sentence: Cuba will make waves again, and Lang Ping can eat barbecued pork (probe ball) again. In volleyball, the high throw ball that is easy to score is called opportunity ball, "opportunity ball" and "detection ball" in Mandarin. Cantonese transliteration, funny called "barbecued pork".