What is the life of the artist Rembrandt?

Rembrandt was born in July 1606. He is the son of a miller in Leiden. In his early years, he studied painting with a great painter in Rotterdam, and later entered the studio of Amsterdam painter Peter lastman. Finally, he left the teacher and began to teach himself. His early works mainly include Mother Reading the Bible, Professor Du Pu's Anatomy Class, A Portrait of an Oriental, The Blind, etc.

1634, Rembrandt married Miss Shasijia, a relative of a wealthy art dealer. In his self-painted The Painter and His Wife Saskia, he dressed himself as a soldier and raised his glass to celebrate. His wife sat on his lap and turned to greet the audience. The picture is full of joy, happiness and the painter's confident life heroism.

This period is the happiest time of Rembrandt. His superb painting skills have attracted many employers for him. However, due to his hobby of collecting art, he failed to save money. Rembrandt not only collects ancient and modern masterpieces, but also buys works by some unknown painters. And it is often he who drives up the price very high. He said, "This is to safeguard the dignity of the art profession."

Rembrandt is the greatest realistic artist of Dutch painting school in17th century, and also an outstanding representative of European art in17th century. He is a first-class master of portrait painting, genre painting, historical painting and landscape painting. He is good at almost all forms of painting art, especially oil painting, printmaking and sketch. What should be mentioned most is that Rembrandt left an important legacy for later generations in copperplate printing. Diu Lei was the pioneer of woodcut prints, while Rembrandt was the greater pioneer of etching copperplate prints.

From 65438 to 0642, Rembrandt, the greatest artist in the Netherlands, was commissioned by a group of soldiers to create a collective portrait.

Rembrandt is unconventional, and everyone is not as complete as the group portrait of officers painted by hals; Unlike his early painting "Professor Du Pu's Anatomy Lecture", everyone appeared in the same bright light. Rembrandt painted this group portrait into a dramatic genre painting.

A group of soldiers patrolled under the leadership of the captain. Rembrandt chose the moment when Captain Banning Kirk ordered the company to start work. The soldiers are rushing out of the barracks. The team hasn't stood up yet, but they got together.

Someone is walking; Someone is preparing weapons; Someone is about to raise the flag; There are several children playing in it. Rembrandt used shadows to make the shape thicker. This strengthened the dramatic effect, but also showed high fighting enthusiasm. Rembrandt put two ordinary soldiers in front of the light, highlighting the drama of this genre painting.

They are all scrambling to prepare. Several children are also excellent. Especially the little girl who runs at a brisk pace, she is illuminated by strong light, and even she is a shining angel. In the contrast of light, the innocence and innocence of children are more obvious. While other characters retreat into the darkness. It should be said that this painting is very good.

However, because soldiers want portraits, many soldiers are not satisfied with being placed in the shadows, because they all pay the same price. However, Rembrandt, who has always been upright, free and dedicated to safeguarding the dignity of artistic profession, refused to revise his works.

As a result, the employers protested and took him to court. Finally, in that increasingly commercialized society, Rembrandt was forced to pay a lot of compensation, his reputation was greatly damaged, and the number of customers ordering paintings was greatly reduced.

Since then, Rembrandt has lost his financial resources and his life has gone from bad to worse. This is really the disaster of Rembrandt's life.

Since then, unfortunate events have followed, and Rembrandt spent his old age in poverty.

However, during this series of blows and setbacks, Rembrandt gained insight into the world, broadened his horizons and gained a deeper understanding of society. In the days of business depression, Rembrandt can calm down and make his favorite paintings, and will not be disturbed by unreasonable demands from customers. Since then, Rembrandt's artistic level has further reached a pure realm. Most of his works in this period are excellent works, such as Sancta familia, The Shepherd Comes to Worship, The Jewish Merchant, The Girl in the Mirror, Homer, The Return of the Prodigal Son, etc., which embodies the painter's strong realistic spirit.

Among them, the painting "Sancta familia" clearly reflects the painter's tendency to pay attention to the working people. This "Sancta familia" has no sacred atmosphere in the works of our ancestors.

Except for a few little angels flying in from the window in the upper left corner, it shows that this is a religious "miracle", which is a true portrayal of a poor Dutch farmer's daily life: a young peasant woman is reading a book in front of a pile of burning firewood, wearing a thick coat on her legs and a heater on her feet. The weather turned dark and the flames went out. The young woman turned around and uncovered the clothes covered with the cradle with concern to see if the newborn baby slept well.

Although the husband kept chopping wood with an axe, the child slept soundly in the dim light. In this painting, Rembrandt depicts the family of Christ Jesus as ordinary working people. He didn't want to paint those "sacred auras" for princes and nobles at all. Because Rembrandt knows that if the identity of Christ described in the Bible is also true, the Jesus family should be such ordinary people and live such an ordinary life. Marx said: "Rembrandt painted the Virgin Mary according to the Dutch peasant woman." What we directly feel in this painting is that in a poor farmer's home in northern Europe in winter, people live a hard and simple life, filled with the warmth between parents and children and the happiness of the family.

In addition, Rembrandt also painted a series of self-portraits, among which the last one in this period is called a unique work in the history of art, with vigorous brushwork and bright colors like cast copper. Rembrandt, dressed in old clothes, narrowed his eyes and opened his mouth slightly, as if he were crying and sneering. Rembrandt is alone at this time.

Rembrandt was very miserable in his later years. Wife dies young, son dies young. His original art treasures have been confiscated by the church. Rembrandt personally experienced the disasters suffered by the working people, which made his thoughts more profound. Until a few days before his death, he was still working hard with a brush. His last work is The Return of the Prodigal Son.

1669, this great realist artist worked hard to complete his brilliant life.

Rembrandt is an outstanding great artist. He worked hard all his life and left many masterpieces. After his death, his reputation grew day by day, and fakes spread all over the world. There is a joke in the western art world: "Rembrandt painted 600 oil paintings in his life, of which 3000 were in America." However, these 600 oil paintings, which have always been recognized as authentic, have caused controversy in recent years. 1968, on the occasion of the 300th anniversary of Rembrandt's death, six Dutch art scholars formed an investigation team and visited museums and private collectors all over the world. After reviewing 600 original works, the investigation team concluded that only about 350 of them were reliable. So Rembrandt's works are now more than 300 oil paintings, 300 copperplate prints and many sketch treasures.

Not only the authenticity of Rembrandt's works has become a major topic for experts to study, but also the theft of Rembrandt's works has become a sensational news in the world. In the early 1970s, a work named "The Head of Rabbi" collected by Bonne Museum was stolen, which alarmed the police in Europe and America. This small painting, which is only 9 inches high, was valued at at least several hundred thousand dollars at that time. At the auction, the price of Rembrandt's works is still rising.

Think about Rembrandt's miserable life in those days, and then compare the great reputation behind him. Is the "night patrol" that became his unfortunate starting point a blessing for him? Or a curse? Is it a blessing for us appreciators? Or a curse? We don't know how to answer.

Is it true that great success must be at the expense of a difficult journey?

Facing this great man, we were lost in thought.