Adolescent girls are "anxious about their appearance". What if you are not confident and excluded?

Z, a junior girl, age 14, studied psychological education in Fuhe for 6 months.

Insufficient learning skills

Z students lack learning methods, their academic pressure gradually increases, and their grades gradually decline, which leads to insufficient learning motivation, delayed homework and low completion efficiency.

About interpersonal relationship

Self-report: primary and secondary schools are relatively exclusive, and they feel that they have few interests and hobbies with their classmates, so they are isolated and cannot integrate into the team. Every time I want to go in, I don't know what others are saying.

Lack of confidence

Pay more attention to appearance, think that your appearance can only be considered below average in the class, be dissatisfied with yourself, including body shape (appearance), and care about other people's opinions.

There is also a phenomenon that people do not agree with the gender role of self-women, which may lead to self-inferiority.

overpressure

At present, the main pressure of Z students comes from their studies and interpersonal communication.

In addition, I realize that my mother has higher requirements for herself and it is difficult to fulfill them. Feel stressed and tired inside. I just want to live a stable life, have a house of my own and a similar job.

15 days observation and test

cause analysis

After entering adolescence, Z students pay more attention to their bodies. They are always worried that they will be laughed at if they don't do well. When they do a lot of things, they will put forward almost perfect high requirements for themselves. When they can't meet the requirements, they will have contradictions and anxiety inside. At the same time, they will feel that they are not doing well and gradually lose self-confidence, which will affect many aspects of their study and life. In addition, being dissatisfied with your body and caring about other people's opinions lead to inferiority and interpersonal retreat.

Adjustment strategy

Intervention goal: enhance self-confidence, help Z students see their positive side and improve their self-acceptance.

Intervention strategy: establish a relationship and establish a sincere, friendly and trusted counseling relationship with Z students; Promote personal self-awareness.

One to one psychological consultation

The preliminary work is mainly to establish a sincere, friendly and trusting counseling relationship with Z students, give encouragement, support and guidance, improve students' self-acceptance, help them adapt to school life faster and better, and establish good interpersonal relationships.

At the same time, further clarify personal information and define the problem of Z students more quickly and accurately.

In the middle stage, psychological counseling will be carried out step by step, and students' cognitive characteristics and ways of thinking will be understood in combination with their daily events, and negative or unreasonable cognition and inappropriate ways of thinking will be confirmed to help Z students realize the influence of high self-concern on their study life.

Later, in the consultation process, combined with interviews, projection tests, homework and other forms, work was carried out to solve the problem of Z students' lack of self-confidence and stress management ability, find a reasonable way of thinking, form a positive and objective cognition, and look at their study life more scientifically and reasonably. At the same time, we should carry out academic education, start with superior subjects, gradually improve self-efficacy and establish self-confidence.

Finally, pay more attention to daily life, help adapt to school life faster and better, guide correctly, and establish good interpersonal relationships. Then gradually guide Z students to have a clearer plan and understanding of the future, and improve students' motivation level of active learning.

One-to-one learning ability training

Z students' attention is easily distracted, and their knowledge absorption is slow, their awareness of independent understanding and analysis is weak, their speed of doing problems is slow, they will be confused when doing problems, and their learning efficiency is low.

Adjust the direction:

In terms of progress:

Behavior habit training

1. Take behaviorism therapy, including positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement, to strengthen and shape benign behaviors, such as managing time and arranging your own life.

2, strict rewards and punishments, need to punish excessive behavior, give support to positive behavior, and strengthen such behavior in time.

3. Keeping a regular routine and diet will make children's day relaxed and orderly, and their work and thinking are stable.

4. Respect individual differences, make use of peer relationship, increase entertainment content, and improve social function as much as possible on the basis of individual's current development level;

5. Help Z students to establish a sense of rules and realize the importance of social rules;

6. Strengthen the formulation and implementation of rules and conduct real-time supervision;

7. Learn to respect and help each other among classmates, and take care of and help each other in study and life.

Interest cultivation

Art courses: music/art/piano/guitar/dance/calligraphy/speech, etc.

Physical education courses: basketball/badminton/table tennis/table tennis/running/skipping/free fighting/yoga/fitness, etc.

Education courses: chess/reasoning/reading/activities/handicrafts, etc.

1, cultivate sentiment and enhance self-confidence.

Cultivate sentiment, maintain a healthy mentality, give full play to students' enthusiasm, creativity and initiative, so as to improve self-confidence and values, and enable students to achieve healthy and harmonious development in a harmonious atmosphere.

2. Cultivate rigorous thinking?

In cultivating students' thinking, hobbies can enable students to form rigorous thinking in the process of learning new knowledge. When encountering difficulties, we will seriously explore, delve into and find answers until we solve the problem.

Step 3 strengthen willpower

Healthy hobbies can enable students to overcome all kinds of difficulties in life, cultivate students' tenacious perseverance and resolutely follow their own goals.

1 and z students pay less attention to themselves and can devote more attention resources to their studies.

2. Self-confidence has improved, and you can correctly understand your behavior patterns and interpersonal relationships;

3. Basically master stress management skills and be able to handle stress reasonably according to the priorities of things.

Follow-up family education suggestions

1, social development:

Family is the source of strength in the process of personal growth, and the encouragement and support from family will become a powerful driving force for personal development.

For the current Z students, their own characteristics are more sensitive, and they have more subjective cognition of external evaluations and opinions, and they are worried that the outside world will make negative comments on themselves and affect their image in the eyes of others.

Generally speaking, it is personal self-confidence and dissatisfaction with oneself. At this stage, individuals can recognize the problem of self-cognition. In the future, we need more support and appreciation from family and less criticism and evaluation to help Z students improve their self-acceptance and face society and interpersonal relationships with a more confident and open mind.

2. Academic level:

Contemporary teenagers are facing great academic pressure, which mainly comes from the social demand for talents and the improvement of competition among individuals. However, not denying the existence of individual differences, denying the existence of objective laws, or acting against laws will only lead to the result of encouraging signs.

At present, Z students have a clear understanding of their academic ability and level. The most favorable way for personal development is to set executable and achievable goals, which is conducive to the completion of the goals and entering the next stage. At the same time, it can help individuals improve their sense of self-efficacy and play their talents and potentials more actively.

According to the theory of the zone of proximal development in psychology, there are two levels of students' development:

One is the current level of students, which refers to the level of problem-solving that can be achieved when they are independent;

The other is the possible development level of students, that is, the potential gained through teaching. The difference between them is the nearest development zone.

Teaching should focus on students' recent development zone, provide students with difficult contents, arouse students' enthusiasm, give full play to their potential, surpass their recent development zone and reach the level of the next development stage, and then carry out the development of the next development zone on this basis.

3. The influence of family and teachers' expectations on individuals.

In a famous experiment by Rosenthal, a famous American psychologist, he and his assistant came to a primary school, claiming to have a "future development trend test", and solemnly handed over a list of "most promising people" to the principal and related teachers, urging them to keep it secret so as not to affect the correctness of the experiment.

In fact, he told an "authoritative lie" because the students on the list were randomly selected.

Eight months later, a miracle appeared. All the students on the list have made great progress in their grades and are excellent in all aspects.

Obviously, Rosenthal's "authoritative lie" played a role, because it implied the teacher and affected the teacher's evaluation of the students' ability on the list;

Moreover, teachers convey their psychological activities to students through emotion, language, behavior and other ways, so that they strongly feel the love and expectation from teachers, and become more self-respecting, confident and self-reliant, thus making extraordinary progress in all aspects.

Here, teachers' expectations of these students are sincere and heartfelt.

Similarly, influenced by authority, parents can also have the energy similar to that of teachers, and firmly believe that students have the greatest development potential. This kind of "sincere expectation" can also be felt by students.

It should be noted that the application of psychological theory needs to be combined with concrete practice.