Is HIV really that terrible? What are the main clinical manifestations of AIDS?

The symptoms of AIDS, in China, almost everyone turns pale, especially those infected with AIDS. So, is HIV really that terrible? What are the main clinical manifestations of AIDS?

Is HIV really that terrible?

I am a doctor in an infectious disease hospital. The main patient groups are all kinds of sexually transmitted diseases, because I am the only male doctor in our department. Most of the male patients with condyloma acuminatum in our department come to me. According to the jokes of other doctors in the department, I am always surrounded by a group of teenage boys. The proportion of these boys infected with HIV is as high as 50%. Because it involves condyloma acuminatum surgery, it is inevitable to see blood.

Although I wore various surgical gowns and protective masks, I stuck a bloody needle in the back of my hand during an anesthesia operation. The patient was infected. I didn't think much at that time. I took off my gloves, squeezed out blood, pressed the wound with iodine cotton ball for 5 minutes, and then continued the operation. After the operation, I quickly got the blocking medicine according to the hospital procedure, which was about 2 hours after occupational exposure. After that, I first took a blood test and registered that I was not infected with HIV at that time, and continued to work. Colleagues in the department said that I was optimistic, not worried, and felt that there was little risk after the traffic jam. When I go home for dinner at night, it doesn't smell good. I know this is a drug reaction. I told my wife. After asking about the risks, she understood me very well and helped me hide it from my family. A week later, the drug reaction was very heavy, dizziness, nausea, anorexia, fatigue, diarrhea, and almost impossible to go to work. When I couldn't hide it, my symptoms gradually eased. I know I survived the initial adverse reaction of the drug. However, the day after the symptoms eased, I looked in the mirror and answered: drug allergy. I know it's not an allergy, it's a viral rash. I panicked. It was the first time that I thought that I might really be infected with AIDS. What should I do with my life? I think this is the idea that all infected people will have at first. At this time, people can't be quiet. Everything has come up, including family, work, future and all pessimism, but I can't think of an effective solution. Even though I have always been optimistic, even though my understanding of AIDS is far higher than that of ordinary people, it still makes me out of the state this day. After a day of adjustment, I calmed down and came to two conclusions. First, it is indeed a viral rash. Second, I feel weak after taking medicine these days, and I am probably infected with some respiratory viruses. Maybe it's not HIV infection. I will check my blood in a few days to make sure. Two weeks ago, I checked my blood for negative antibodies. Basically, I can conclude that the virus eruption has nothing to do with HIV infection, but it will take a long time to completely eliminate the infection, but people have completely calmed down. What I thought at that time was that even if the ban failed, my wife would understand me, but I just couldn't live a married life. In addition, if the amount of virus cannot be measured after antiviral treatment, it should be no problem to take safety measures. The family doesn't know at present, so it shouldn't be difficult to continue to hide it. Work is a work-related injury, and the hospital should provide security, check regularly and take medicine. It is convenient for me to be in the hospital. I didn't take a blood test when traveling abroad. The only inconvenience is that I have no children, and it will take a long time. With the extension of medication time, there are fewer and fewer adverse drug reactions, and I gradually feel that I am in good shape. On the 28th day, the drug was tested negative again, and the drug was stopped decisively. I felt great when I stopped taking the medicine and found that I didn't use it. 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, I have tested antibodies, and I know it must be negative, and it is indeed negative.

AIDS can be prevented and treated. If you are infected with AIDS, you should register with the CDC, receive free anti-HIV drugs regularly, actively cooperate with doctors for treatment and regular check-ups, exercise moderately, strengthen your physique, improve your immunity, relax your mind, relieve stress, insist on taking drugs, and strive for long-term control of your illness. As long as we persist in leading an honest and clean life, forbid taking drugs and avoid direct contact with the blood, semen, milk and urine of AIDS patients, we can cut off its transmission route.

What are the main clinical manifestations of AIDS?

Initial symptoms of AIDS: fever, night sweats and diarrhea lasting for more than one month; Lose weight 10% or more.

Some patients show neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as memory loss, apathy, personality change, headache, epilepsy and dementia.

Initial symptoms of digestive tract symptoms of AIDS: cough, expectoration, hemoptysis, dyspnea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea, gastrointestinal bleeding, dysphagia, loss of appetite, oral leukoplakia and ulcer, various rashes, decreased vision, blindness, epilepsy, limb paralysis, emaciation, anemia, urinary incontinence, urinary retention, intestinal obstruction, etc.

In addition, persistent systemic lymphadenopathy can appear in the initial symptoms of AIDS, which is characterized by:

① There are two or more swollen lymph nodes except groin;

② The diameter of lymph nodes ≥ 1cm, without tenderness and adhesion;

(3) the duration of more than 3 months.

Some people's initial symptoms of AIDS will be like a cold. Of course, some people have no symptoms at all and don't realize that they are infected with AIDS.

Some people have the same symptoms as AIDS in the early stage, not necessarily AIDS. Aids must be tested.

Aids treatment

At present, there is still a lack of effective drugs to cure HIV infection worldwide. The current treatment goals are: to reduce the viral load to the maximum extent and for a long time; Obtain immune function reconstruction and maintain immune function; Improve the quality of life; Reduce HIV-related morbidity and mortality. The treatment of this disease emphasizes comprehensive treatment, including general treatment, antiviral treatment, treatment to restore or improve immune function, opportunistic infection and malignant tumor.

1. General therapy

HIV-infected people or patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome do not need isolation treatment. For asymptomatic HIV-infected people, they can still maintain normal work and life. Antiviral treatment should be carried out according to the specific condition, and the changes of the condition should be closely monitored. For patients with pre-AIDS or who have developed into AIDS, they should pay attention to rest according to their illness and give them a high-calorie and multi-vitamin diet. What can't be eaten should be supplemented by intravenous infusion. Strengthen supportive treatment, including blood transfusion and nutritional support treatment, and maintain the balance of water and electrolyte.

2. Antiviral therapy

Antiviral treatment is the key to AIDS treatment. With the application of highly effective antiretroviral therapy, the anti-HIV efficacy has been greatly improved, and the quality of life and prognosis of patients have been significantly improved.