How to identify the true and false inside story of Qi Jiayu's fraud (Photos)

A stick-shaped device for carving jade on God's face, a jade inlaid with turquoise on human face, a jade inlaid with fish on frog face, a jade inlaid with rope face, a jade bottle with triangular teeth and a jade inlaid with edge. Recently, CCTV exposed the inside story of Qi Jiayu's fraud in the columns of "News Live Room" and "Weekly Quality Report" three times in two days, making Qi Jiayu a hot topic in the collection field for a while. In the program, Gu Fang, an ancient jade expert who compiled fifteen volumes of the Complete Works of Jade Unearthed in China, thought that "Qijiayu is a plain-faced object with no ornamentation on its surface"; Liu Qijiang, director of the Zhongfu Museum in Dingxi, Gansu Province, which has the largest collection of Qi Jiayu, said that Qi Jiayu is "relatively simple, simple in shape and quite few in scale"; Wang Hui, director of Gansu Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, mentioned that the number of unearthed objects in Qijiayu is around 1000. So, are the views mentioned by these experts fully recognized by the academic community? Does Qi Jiayu really lack "originality" in ornamentation and form? What is the distribution of folk Qijiayu? In view of these problems, domestic well-known jade experts have started discussions. Lei, former director and researcher of China Cultural Relics Exchange Center of China National Museum: A large number of folk ancient prescriptions that Qi Jiayu "wandered" said that Qi Jiayu's main feature is that the flat plate is simple and rough, and there is no decoration. This is the author's view on Volume 15 of the Complete Works of Jade Unearthed in China, which is nothing new. I think from the archaeological excavation, this statement is more in line with the actual archaeological findings. However, it is not absolute. In fact, there is a sapphire jade cong unearthed in Jingning, Gansu Province in the Complete Works of Jade Unearthed in China. Strings are even and fine, and polished well. It was discovered by migrant workers during the construction in Jingning, and now it is collected in Jingning County Cultural Management Office. I once joked with someone: "If it hadn't been discovered in construction and handed over to the Cultural Management Office, then the current archaeology might not even have seen a string of jade cong." Why are there some "blanks" or even "blank pages" in archaeological discoveries? This is because since the 1950s, there has been a rule in China's cultural relics archaeology, that is, do not take the initiative to carry out archaeological excavations. Why make such a rule? The main reason is that although there were few grave robberies at that time, archaeologists were busy rescuing unearthed cultural relics in infrastructure and civil engineering. After the 1980s, there were not only more and more civil projects in China, but also unprecedented grave robberies, which made it too late for the archaeological team to "clean up". But in fact, there are very few good cultural relics that the archaeological team can rescue, and many things are "floating" to the people and even lost overseas, including Qi Jiayu. In recent years, in order to edit and publish the Complete Works of Folk Jade, I and several other ancient jade experts have clearly seen that things that have not appeared in archaeological excavations, many new types of artifacts, and many unprecedented shapes and patterns are not only found among the people, but also in large quantities and in many kinds. But because it is not an archaeological excavation, these things have no "birth certificate"; In addition, some of our archaeologists and museum workers, in order to protect their "personal position", refused to admit anything that was not unearthed by archaeology. This situation not only falls on ancient jade such as Qi Jiayu, but also on the ceramic industry. I want to emphasize once again that the number, types and grades of Qijiayu collected by the people should not be underestimated. Among them, there are not only flat pieces, but also Qi Jiayu, large pieces, carved objects and sacred objects, carved figures and animals with various images and patterns. For example, some leaders of collectors' associations in Gansu and Qinghai have collected a lot of Qi Jiayu. With their environmental conditions and understanding of domestic fish, how can they buy a lot of fakes? I also said in the statement that I have studied Qijia jade for more than 10 years. In the meantime, I have been to Gansu and Qinghai twice, and visited Qijia culture and Qijia culture jade once in Ningxia. I have published 7 papers and 3 monographs on Qijia jade, and many special lectures and lectures on Qijia jade at home and abroad. In 2006, I also talked for the first time about Qijia cultural jade collected by the Qing Palace. Now, in the Catalogue of the National Palace Museum in Taipei and the Complete Works of Jade published by the National Palace Museum in Beijing, dozens of Qi Jiayu collected by the Qing Palace are recorded respectively. I recorded 183 pieces in Qijiayun, and I dare say that most of them are genuine and precious. Because I have seen and moved all these things one by one, and I was not the only one who saw them at that time. These have nothing to do with the "Qijia Fish" made by the sellers, buyers and counterfeiters of this "event"! I have no contact with either side. In the program, I was involved with sellers, buyers and counterfeiters of Qi Jiayu for no reason, and I and my works were regarded as negative experts and negative teaching materials, which not only completely confused the audience, but also greatly infringed on me and my works, greatly damaged my reputation and had a bad influence on social related undertakings and activities. Yao Zheng, director of the Jade Committee of China Collectors Association: It is ignorant to say that folk Qijiayu is a fake. I have done research in Bengbu and other places, and many things in the shop know that they are real antiques at first sight, but they insist that they are high imitations made by themselves. You ask him who designed the pattern, why, where the jade material was bought, and where the remaining jade slag is. They can't answer any questions. Some so-called "experts" who can make high imitation porcelain in Jingdezhen are also packing themselves with old things. Their kiln is there, but they never go too far. Then why do they insist on calling old things "today's goods"? In order to cover up the fact of robbery, because robbery is punishable. In the program broadcast by CCTV, the boss of Qijiayu in Gansu said that he was doing a contemporary imitation, which is the reason. A few friends in the collection world and I think that Qi Jiayu's shop is on the ground, covered in mud and engraved with positive pictures, which should be genuine. There are many positive decorative patterns in Qijiayu, which is a characteristic aesthetic in northwest China and difficult to imitate. Because the male block is protruding, it is necessary to knock out all the materials on the side bit by bit. This is the so-called land restoration method, in order to finally highlight these decorative patterns. Carving is very time-consuming and laborious, and it is impossible for counterfeiters to spend this effort to create something that only sells for a few hundred dollars; Moreover, Qi Jiayu's design is very abstract and vivid, and people without a certain cultural background can't design it. Judging from the continuous development of Qijia culture in the past thousand years, if the total number of jade articles is only 1800, one and a half pieces will be made every year on average, which sounds like a big joke! Archaeological data also clearly record that there are 83 pieces of jade unearthed from a tomb in Huangniangtai, Wuwei, Gansu, not to mention how many treasures are hidden by the people. I have always believed that even though China has a history of 5,000 years, it must have created countless wealth and ancient artworks. Recently, a collector took two pieces of Qi Jiayu with decorative patterns to Beijing Yingfangzhai, an appraisal institution recognized by the Ministry of Justice, for appraisal. Whether it is a small jade cong with patterns on all sides or a jade map inlaid with turquoise, it must be Qijiayu through micro-mark detection. Therefore, the so-called experts had better not easily deny everything they don't understand. If there are only 1800 real Qijia jade pieces left in the world, do you dare to let those "fakes" flow overseas? Looking at it from another angle, is it because of the ignorance of some of our "experts" that many treasures are now flowing overseas? In fact, some foreign groups are trying to suppress China's folk collections, just to suppress the wealth left by our ancestors into fakes and buy them at low prices. So what we have to do now is to defend the culture and the cultural relics. Wang Zunguo, researcher of Nanjing Museum and director of Jade Research Association of China Cultural Relics Society: As far as I know, there are not many Qijiayu excavated in archaeology, and there are not many varieties; However, the number of Qijiayu unearthed by the people is hundreds of times that of archaeological excavations, and the variety has also greatly increased. Personally, I have seen more than 3,000 genuine Qijiayu pieces, but I am not the person who has seen Qijiayu the most in China. Of course, what people dig out is divorced from the original stratum, so there is a problem of distinguishing between true and false, because fake ancient jade is really common now. There are rules to judge the authenticity of ancient jade. Let's first look at the origin of jade materials, such as Qijiayu, mostly from Gansu and Qinghai, depending on whether this jade is unearthed in this area; Second, Qijiayu has a history of 4,000 years, and it must have experienced secondary oxidation for such a long time. The secondary oxidation has certain characteristics, such as the patina changed, the color changed and the hardness changed. According to these characteristics, we can judge the authenticity of most Qijia languages. Although counterfeiters also have their own unique skills, such as soaking jade in sulfuric acid, acetic acid or oxalic acid by acid leaching, or heating jade to 500 degrees or 1000 degrees by baking to change its color, the effect of artificial coloring is necessarily different from that of natural secondary oxidation. Therefore, if we experts who specialize in jade articles can come into contact with a large number of folk unearthed Qijiayu and accurately judge its authenticity, then we will know more about the ancient history and culture of China than the jade articles unearthed in archaeology. Because the folk unearthed Qijiayu is more diverse in shape and decoration than the archaeological unearthed Qijiayu; In terms of workmanship, in addition to learning to polish, there are turquoise inlays; Moreover, many large jade articles were found, such as a jade tripod bigger than a bronze tripod. In addition, there are some inscriptions on the surface of Qijiayu unearthed by the people. These symbols may be early scripts, which can be compared with Oracle Bone Inscriptions and bronze inscriptions, such as "one", "day" and "king", which are basically the same as Oracle Bone Inscriptions and bronze inscriptions.