What problems should be paid attention to in the planting process of crisp red plum to achieve high yield?

What problems should be paid attention to in the planting process of crisp red plum to achieve high yield? Crispy red plum is very popular in the market in recent years. Because of its sweet and refreshing taste, it is deeply loved by consumers and fills the gap in the market. Through the analysis of this paper, I hope to help more fruit farmers improve fruit quality, open the market and increase sales. Today, let's take a look at what problems should be paid attention to in the process of planting crisp red berries.

1 Seedling raising of crisp red plum 1. 1 Cultivation rootstock crisp red plum is best planted in hilly areas with good drainage pipes, and the soil layer is an area with strong air permeability and high fertilizer efficiency. It is best to plant around Tomb-Sweeping Day to ensure the rapid growth and development of crisp red plum roots. Rootstock can be rootstock, which has a strong appeal to grafted varieties, and it is appropriate to use varieties with beautiful fruits, good harvest and weak growth and development potential. In addition, weeding and fertilization should be done in time to ensure that other crops or big trees can be grafted in the middle and late stage.

1.2 When selecting seedlings by grafting, focus on selecting high-quality strong branches, and then draw up the grafting time according to the two grafting methods. For example, bud grafting is in spring and summer, and bud grafting is in July-September in summer. In order to ensure the survival rate of seedlings, a layer of sunscreen net can be covered on the seedlings after grafting, which can reduce the evaporation of water, provide rich water for the grafting of seedlings and avoid the seedlings from withering due to weather.

When grafting, excellent talents with professional grafting methods should be selected for practical operation to reduce the damage to seedlings and peach trees. At the same time, attention should be paid to the removal of weeds and other related substances around the grafted seedlings, and the seedlings can be properly urged to grow rapidly.

1.3 The conditions for transplanting and grafting should be carried out according to the temperature and growth and development standards, and areas with good drainage standards and fertile soil should still be selected for planting. Spring and autumn are more suitable for transplanting, namely March and 65438+February. When the relative height of seedling growth is 50 ~ 100 cm, the corresponding transplanting or grafting will improve the survival rate.

2 scientific management of crisp red plum 2. 1 management tree crisp red plum is usually straight when it is cultivated into a certain trunk prototype. It can be transplanted in autumn and spring. After transplanting, the trunk structure should be strengthened and shaped. The relative height of the stem is about 50cm, so you can cut off the seedlings on the main stem, leave 4 ~ 5 thick branches on the upper part, and leave 1 ~ 2 on each branch to facilitate the later growth and development. If the branches are built at different angles, how can they grow evenly and not overlap?

2.2 Management of crisp red branches in the growth period, there will be disorderly branches. Prune branches properly every day, and pull too many branches with ropes to avoid vertical growth and development of branches. Pay attention to pruning branches after three years of development, and cut off thick horizontal branches and pests and diseases. Ensure air circulation and light in the trunk. Pay special attention to summer buds, strictly control the total number, reduce the loss of main stem and maintain the normal growth and development of other branches.

2.3 Flower and Fruit Management Because the flowers of Crispy Hongmei are self-pollinated, they will be pollinated independently without external force. In order to ensure the production quality of crisp red plum, flower and fruit management can be carried out on time. In rainy days, plastic retina can be constructed to prevent bee pollen from falling. If bee pollen itself is not pollinated sufficiently, artificial pollination and branch tapping can be used to make bee pollen fall on the flower branches, and many failed flowers can be shaken off to reduce the weight of petals. The key of this link is to carry out it before fruit improvement. Only multi-branching can ensure the sufficiency of fruits, improve the quality of fruits and ensure economic benefits.

2.4 Fertilizer and water management The growth of crisp red plum cannot be separated from chemical fertilizer. Diligent fattening, giving fruit trees rich nutrition. Before fertilizing in spring, the fertilizing ditch should be dug around the trunk, and the trunk should not be hurt by light digging, and the amount of irrigation and fertilization should be appropriate according to the size of the tree. Irrigation of tree trunks with urea solution and farmyard manure solution in proportion can improve the survival rate, quality and quantity.

2.5 pest control crisp red plum is cold-tolerant and drought-tolerant, but it is seriously affected by pests and diseases, especially in May-June, which is the high incidence period of pests and diseases. The key is the harm caused by pests such as rice planthopper and peach moth. Therefore, in pest control, prevention should be given priority to, supplemented by treatment. It is best to kill pests and diseases with dimethoate pesticide 2000 times solution and spray the trunk. In winter, it is necessary to manipulate larvae, kill eggs, prevent pests from breeding and causing harm to fruits, solve pests and diseases in time, and ensure fruit quality.

2.6 Prevent fruit cracking and crisp red plum rot caused by wet road surface, drastic temperature change and blocked drainage pipes before 15d. Rotten fruit is easy to rot. At this time, the fruit cannot be stored in cold storage, and the price will be affected. In order to prevent this phenomenon, we can build a sewage ditch to drain the stored water quickly. We can also use crops such as soybeans to adjust the environmental humidity or spray appropriate solutions to enhance the extensibility of the exocarp, avoid excessive cracking, ensure the quality of fruits and increase the profits of growers.

3. Picking and storage of crisp red berries 3. 1 Picking in time is the mature period of crisp red berries from August to September every year, and the fruits can be picked. Fruits should be inspected before picking. Crispy red plum is an intensive effect, with purple skin, red and yellow fruit and sweet and sour taste. Only by picking this kind of fruit can we ensure the market and try to avoid rainy days. When picking, handle with care to prevent the fruits from bumping against each other and ensure that the surface of the exocarp is not damaged, so that fresh fruits can be sold well and the profits of growers can be improved.

3.2 Store and transport crisp red berries properly, with smooth surface, easy storage and extrusion resistance. Only by ensuring that the outer packaging is intact can coal transportation be carried out. Therefore, most growers will wrap a layer of paper outside the fruit, one is to protect the exocarp, and the other is to be beautiful. For the convenience of packaging, they can pack the fruits after picking and transport them to the market immediately, thus improving economic benefits.

Try not to move the shaking road surface during transportation to ensure the smooth running of the vehicle. In the middle of transportation, it is necessary to ensure that the transportation time is not delayed, and that when the fruit coal is transported to the market, the exocarp is meticulous, the feel is smooth, the taste is sweet and sour, and the market is guaranteed.

Conclusion Crispy red plum conforms to the public taste and the standard of healthy and green fruits. Strict measures to control the high yield of crisp red plum can help growers to produce fruits and vegetables better, increase the yield of crisp red plum and open up market sales.