Outdoor first aid principle

In the wild environment, participants can't get fast and complete urban medical assistance, and the limited resources and harsh natural environment aggravate the particularity of on-site first aid. Therefore, the most important thing to implement first aid in the wild environment is to judge the seriousness of the problem in time and deal with it in time and reasonably, so that colleagues can prevent secondary injuries and secondary injuries.

First, the preparation before first aid

In the outdoor environment, once personal injury occurs, don't rush into the wound treatment and handling, so it is easy to miss the details of the accident and cause secondary injuries and accidents. Before entering the processing stage, please remember to complete the following tasks.

Second, who was injured?

Who are the other members of the team, where are they, what is their basic situation, and are there any other risks?

What resources are available, including materials, personnel, external support, etc.

When giving first aid at the scene, you must first ensure the life safety and health of the rescuer himself, and at the same time ensure that other rescuers, bystanders and injured people will not be hurt more. If you arrive at the site first, your primary responsibility at this time is to conduct a comprehensive on-site assessment quickly. First, take action to stabilize the scene, and call the professional first aid team immediately if necessary. Please pay attention to the following points when making a further evaluation:

1 Find and eliminate any risk factors, including environmental factors (falling rocks, low temperature, avalanches, etc.). ) and other human factors, and create a safe and stable environment to carry out follow-up rescue operations.

Take self-protection measures in first aid, including using gloves, goggles, masks, using disinfectants and properly handling waste.

3. At the same time of on-site assessment, the damage mechanism should be analyzed and judged according to the on-site situation.

Check the basic vital signs of the injured (preliminary assessment)

The task of this link is to quickly check the three key systems of the injured-circulation, respiration and nervous system. We should know that all major problems related to the three shutdown systems will endanger the lives of patients. Therefore, before solving any other problems, we must give priority to solving the problems encountered in the evaluation process. The specific contents include:

Breathing state, intensity and speed (times/minute)

Pulse condition, intensity and speed (times/minute)

Conscious state, awake, unconscious, painful, unconscious.

Please pay attention to the following points when conducting environmental assessment.

1 Keep the injured person's respiratory tract unblocked and keep the injured person's spine stable.

2 check calmly and evaluate rationally, and don't be distracted and make wrong judgments because the injured are in poor condition or sick.

There is no specific order for the three key systems to check and stabilize the injured body, but it depends on the actual situation.