Information about some gas compositions

1. Essay on gas knowledge

Natural gas is a gaseous hydrocarbon produced by paleontological remains deposited underground for a long time and slowly transformed and metamorphosed. It is flammable and mostly in It is produced when crude oil is extracted from oil fields.

Natural gas is contained in porous rock formations about 3000-4000 meters underground. The main component is methane, with a specific gravity of 0.65. It is lighter than air and is colorless, odorless and non-toxic. Natural gas companies all comply with government regulations. It is required to add odorant to facilitate users' smell and identification.

According to the state of natural gas reserves, it is divided into three types: structural natural gas, water-soluble natural gas, and coal mine natural gas. Structural natural gas can be divided into wet natural gas accompanying crude oil production and dry natural gas without liquid components.

Currently, there are two types of gas used by urban residents for heating and burning: one is hydrocarbon gas produced during the processing of coal into coke, commonly known as coal gas; the other is from oil and gas fields of natural gas. With the increasing development of the natural gas industry, natural gas, a clean energy source, is replacing coal and gas. The completion of my country's West-East Gas Pipeline will create conditions for the natural gasification of cities in eastern China, and the use of natural gas is becoming increasingly widespread.

What is natural gas? Broadly speaking, it includes all gases in nature, including all natural gases in the earth's atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, deep mantle in the earth's crust and the center of the earth's core. However, natural gas in daily life is a narrow concept of natural gas, which generally refers to natural gases mainly composed of hydrocarbon gases. There are also natural gases mainly composed of carbon dioxide or nitrogen, and in some cases, hydrogen sulfide. They are distributed in the lithosphere, hydrosphere and interior of the earth.

Most natural gas is a mixture of gas compounds, and it is rarer to be composed of a single gas component.

Common chemical components in natural gas are: hydrocarbon gas (methane? butane), carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, mercury vapor, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon monoxide and rare gases (helium, neon, argon , krypton, xenon), etc.

The physical and chemical properties of natural gas are completely different from those of water and oil. It is usually in a gaseous state and flows easily. Its specific gravity is generally lighter than air (specific gravity is about 0.5~0.8), among which only carbon dioxide (1.519) and hydrogen sulfide (1.17) have relatively large specific gravity. Natural gas is generally colorless, but most of it has a special smell, especially non-hydrocarbon gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide components, which have a sour smell and the latter a rotten egg smell. Hydrocarbon gases such as methane and ethane are flammable and non-toxic, but they can cause suffocation. Carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc. are non-flammable, and hydrogen sulfide is an extremely toxic gas. A very small amount in the air can kill people.

Human beings process natural gas into various products based on its different characteristics to benefit mankind. It is conceivable that natural gas will be used more widely in the future. Because it is rich in resources, widely distributed and does not pollute the environment, it is one of the best energy sources. 2. An essay about natural gas

"It's so cold! It's so cold... It would be great if I had a thick cotton jacket and a cup of hot tea now!" I was shivering from the cold at home. . Suddenly, I heard a "dong dong dong" knock on the door, "squeak -" "Huh? Where is the person?" "Little master, I am here!" "Where is it?" "I'm in."

"Bah..."

"Who are you?" "I am natural gas." "Where are you from?" "I am from Xinjiang." "You said you It's called natural gas, so what do you mean? ""I'm a colorless, odorless, lighter than air, flammable, explosive, high calorific value gas, so you can't see me." "Then what's your point of environmental protection? Does it work? ""I can replace car oil, which has the advantages of low price, less pollution, safety, etc., and can also save oil and reduce urban car exhaust pollution! The light car taillight I made will greatly reduce environmental pollution. "For fuel vehicles." "Then what aspects can you use for environmental protection?" "When the fossil fuels I produce are burned, they only emit a small amount of carbon dioxide dust and a very small amount of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and carbon oxides. Therefore, I am a clean source of energy.

"I have many uses. Do you want me to tell you all about them?" "Oh, no, thank you for explaining your use to me!" "Goodbye then. I'll come to your house again in the future. Bye!" ”

After listening to the introduction of natural gas, I feel that human beings are really inseparable from natural gas. It has brought so many benefits to human beings, and we should cherish it! 3. Essay on gas safety knowledge

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Use gas safely, start with me. So far, in the vast universe, apart from the earth, scientists have not discovered the existence of life on the second planet, which shows how precious life is.

< p> Safety is very important to everyone, and for those of us who have not yet grown up, such a special vulnerable group is especially important. However, there are always so many children around us who do not pay attention to safety and do not cherish life. , turning a deaf ear to the teachers’ instructions and parents’ warnings, not only caused injuries, but also delayed learning, and some even caused disabilities and life-threatening injuries.

Therefore, we must use natural gas safely. It is a mixture of various naturally occurring gases in nature.

It is a flammable gas contained in the formation. The main components are methane, ethane and other gases. Natural gas is flammable and explosive when mixed with air. , it will burn when the temperature reaches about 550℃; when the mixture concentration reaches 5%-15%, it will explode when encountering fire.

Natural gas has a high calorific value, about 8500-10000 kcal/m3. The heat emitted after combustion is about 2.5 times that of the same volume of city gas. We must pay attention to safety! Natural gas can be mainly used for power generation. The waste emission level of gas turbine power plants using natural gas is much lower than that of coal-fired and oil-fired power plants. The power generation efficiency is high, the construction cost is low, and the construction speed is fast; in addition, the gas turbine has fast start and stop speed, strong peak shaving ability, low water consumption, and saves land.

Natural gas can also be used as a chemical raw material. The primary processed products as raw materials mainly include nearly 20 varieties such as synthetic ammonia, methanol, and carbon black. The important chemical products after secondary or tertiary processing include more than 50 varieties such as formaldehyde, acetic acid, and dimethyl carbonate.

Chemical production equipment using natural gas as raw material has low investment, low energy consumption, less space, fewer personnel, good environmental protection, and low operating costs. Natural gas is widely used in residential and commercial gas stoves, water heaters, heating and cooling. It is also used in papermaking, metallurgy, quarrying, ceramics, glass and other industries, and can also be used for waste incineration and drying and dehydration treatment.

The emission levels of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons from natural gas vehicles are significantly lower. Compared with gasoline and diesel engine cars, it has no carbon deposits, no wear and tear, and low operating costs. It is an environmentally friendly car. I once read such a story: There was a young rich man who married a woman. A hard-working wife.

Not long after she got married, the lady gave birth to a white and fat baby girl. When the girl was five years old, the family of three moved to a new place. < /p>

Two days later, the girl's parents went on a business trip. The girl looked around at home and saw the "Giant" gas tank in the kitchen, and rushed towards it.

She was still young and ignorant. She stood on tiptoes and stretched her hands upwards, and touched the gas switch. So, the girl twisted and twisted desperately. Suddenly, a strong air flow ejected her, and a smell hit her nostrils.

The poor little girl lost her life like this. 4. Third grade composition: Write a story about you and gas

This morning, just after dawn, I was awakened by a sound in bed. When I heard the sound, I was startled at first. Ask mom again what the sound is. My mother replied: "The community is installing natural gas pipelines."

After hearing this, I couldn't help but ask: "Why are natural gas pipelines installed?" My mother replied: "The first point is natural gas. It is cleaner than gas. The second point is that if the gas is used up, it is very troublesome to refill the gas. A few days ago, my parents were worried that there would not be enough gas for you to take a bath because they did not refill the gas in time. The third point is the price of natural gas. It’s very cheap.” I thought: With natural gas, life is really convenient. My mother said to me again: "In a few days we will be able to live a life using natural gas." I was very happy after hearing this.

I think it is great to have natural gas installed. Our life will be more convenient and our family expenses will be saved even more. 5. An essay about gas safety of about 600 words

In this era where gas has been popularized in every inch of land, gas has brought us many conveniences, but it has also planted imminent dangers in our lives. Use gas safely to keep danger away and happiness around you.

In fact, gas is like a small-minded child. If you take it seriously, it will make you happy; if you ignore it and ignore it, it will retaliate against you severely.

There was a hot pot restaurant, and when it was packed, a gas leak encountered an open flame, causing an explosion. The interior of the hotel was burned black and the walls were in ruins, which was horrible to look at. Many more people were injured and died in the fire explosion. A tragedy caused by a small negligence!

If you can remember to check whether the main gas valve is tightened when you are busy, open windows for ventilation in time after gas leaks, call the fire alarm as soon as possible, and never use any electrical appliances at this time... then Many similar tragedies will no longer exist, and the convenience that gas brings to us must be carefully guarded.

Gas is flammable and explosive, just like a hot-tempered little pepper. If you are not careful, it will ignite its fuse, so we must use gas correctly.

There are also some volunteer aunts in Shanghai who publicize the importance of using gas in streets and communities to prevent the aging of gas pipelines. They have made great contributions to our safety. Another danger of gas is that inhaling it can cause carbon monoxide poisoning, so when gas leaks and causes a fire, we must cover our mouth and nose with a wet towel and bend down to escape the scene quickly. Why bend down? Because toxic gases are denser than air and will float at high places, you must bend down.

Only when you sow will you reap. Today, you sow safety, and tomorrow, you will reap safety and happiness. On the contrary, you will reap more regrets than you will risk sowing. 6. A 300-word essay on gas

Hello everyone, I am natural gas. I am an indispensable thing in human life. Without me, we cannot survive.

Our fuel is a combustible substance that can produce heat or power, mainly carbonaceous substances or hydrocarbons. According to the form, it can be divided into solid fuel, gas fuel and liquid fuel. I am gas fuel.

My hometown is in the mines and oil wells. It must be refined and impurities removed before it can be transported to useful places. Our gaseous fuel is very easy to catch fire and cause explosions, so people need to be vigilant when using it.

My role is huge! I can help people boil water and take baths. Without me, the water will have no temperature. Without me, people will always smell bad, can no longer soak in hot springs, and can no longer drink warm water.

I am not like gas, which can be obtained by just spraying some water on hot carbon. I have to process it before it can be used in practice. In this way, I am quite delicate.

I can see it in every non-poor family, and I can also see it in some poor families, but in an average of 5-10 poor families, less than 2-3 people have it. Some of these people got me through relief, and some got it through their own hard-earned money.

There is much to be gained from me. For example: it can be made into fertilizers and clothes. ..,How about it? My role is great.

I am an indispensable thing in human life, and I will become more and more popular among humans! 7. Information about natural gas

Common knowledge about natural gas

Overview of natural gas

Natural gas is colorless, odorless, non-toxic and non-corrosive. Its main component is methane. Also includes certain amounts of ethane, propane and heavy hydrocarbons. There are also small amounts of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and sulfide. Additionally, moisture was found in the natural gas lines.

The molecular structure of methane is composed of one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms. The combustion products are mainly carbon dioxide and water.

CH4+2O2 → CO2+2H2O

Compared with other fossil fuels, natural gas only emits a small amount of carbon dioxide dust and a very small amount of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides when burned. , Therefore, natural gas is a clean energy source.

History of Natural Gas Utilization

Discovery and Early Application of Natural Gas

Between 6000 BC and 2000 BC, Iran first discovered seepage from the surface of natural gas. Many early writers described the phenomenon of crude oil seeping from the surface in the Middle East, particularly in the Baku region of present-day Azerbaijan. The seeping natural gas may have been used for lighting at first, and the ancient Persians who worshiped fire had an "ever-extinguishing torch". China began to utilize natural gas around 900 BC. China drilled its first natural gas well in 211 BC. According to relevant data, the depth was 150 meters (500 feet). In what is now western Chongqing, people found natural gas by banging bamboo poles against each other. Natural gas is used as fuel to dry the rock salt. Later, the drilling depth reached 1,000 meters, and by 1900, more than 1,100 wells had been drilled.

It was not until natural gas was discovered in England in 1659 that Europeans became aware of it, but it was not widely used. Starting in 1790, gas became the main fuel for lighting streets and houses in Europe. In North America, the first commercial application of petroleum products was the application of natural gas in the Floodonia area of ??New York in 1821. They deliver natural gas through a small diameter pipe to users for lighting and cooking.

Natural Gas Pipeline Improvements

Natural gas was only used in local areas throughout the nineteenth century because there were no suitable methods to transport large quantities of natural gas over long distances. The main energy sources used in industrial development are coal and oil. In 1890, a major breakthrough occurred in gas transmission technology, and leak-proof pipeline connection technology was invented. However, materials and construction techniques are still complex, so that natural gas cannot be used more than 160 kilometers (100 miles) from the source. Thus, when producing city gas, the associated gas is usually flared (i.e. burned off at the wellhead) and the non-associated gas is left in the ground.

Long-distance natural gas transmission became possible in the 1820s due to further developments in pipeline technology. From 1927 to 1931, the United States built more than a dozen large-scale gas transmission systems. Each system is equipped with pipes approximately 51 centimeters (20 inches) in diameter and spans over 320 kilometers. After World War II, many pipelines were built that carried farther and longer distances. Pipe diameters can even reach 142 cm. In the early 1870s, the longest natural gas transmission pipeline was born in the former Soviet Union. For example, the pipeline that transports natural gas from the West Siberian gas fields located in the Arctic Circle to Eastern Europe has a total length of 5,470 kilometers, passing through the Ural Mountains and 700 large and small rivers. As a result, natural gas from the Urengoy field, the world's largest, is transported to Eastern Europe and then to Europe for consumption. Another pipeline runs from Algeria to Sicily. Although the distance is shorter, the construction is also very difficult. The pipeline has a diameter of 51 centimeters and crosses the Mediterranean Sea along the way. The sea area it passes through is sometimes more than 600 meters deep.

When natural gas is cooled to about -162°C under atmospheric pressure, the natural gas changes from gaseous state to liquid state, which is called liquefied natural gas (LNG). LNG is colorless, odorless, non-toxic and non-corrosive. Its volume is about 1/600 of the same volume of gaseous natural gas. The weight of LNG is only about 45% of the same volume of water. Its calorific value is 52MMBtu/t (1MMBtu=2.52 *108cal).

Liquefied natural gas chain

Natural gas is extracted from gas fields and has to go through several links such as processing, liquefaction, shipping, receiving and regasification, and is finally delivered to end users. The liquefaction process purifies natural gas, removing oxygen, carbon dioxide, sulfides and water. This process can bring the purity of methane in natural gas close to 100%.

Natural gas field development

Natural gas fields are contained in the strata. The structure and depth of the natural gas fields are generally detected through seismological data. Magnetometers can also be used to measure small changes in the magnetic field on the earth's surface. Come search for gas and oil. The technology for extracting natural gas fields is quite mature in the modern petroleum industry.

Natural gas liquefaction

Natural gas is cooled to about -162°C and becomes liquid, which will reduce its volume by about 600 times, making it easier to store and transport 8. How to write a personal profile asking for gas of

Hello!

I am from ** and I am a graduate of a junior college majoring in gas.

My personality is introverted, I am frank, enthusiastic and principled; I am optimistic, attentive, meticulous and clear-headed; I am responsible and willing to help others.

I am still an upright, loyal, diligent and realistic person, and I will constantly pursue self-improvement of personality; my obvious characteristics are optimism, confidence, gentleness and cheerfulness, stability and generosity. Therefore, I have harmonious interpersonal relationships and a relatively good ability to adapt to the environment. powerful. I like the gas major and like to delve into new technologies in the gas major. It is precisely because of these that I have enhanced my hard work spirit and am used to solving problems or problems as soon as possible.

The greatest sense of satisfaction lies in successfully completing what should be done so that you can have the energy to focus on other things, that is, pursuing a sense of self-goodness or superiority. The biggest drawback is that I may not have enough patience with people who have no sense of order, or I may be too careful, causing others to misunderstand my good intentions.

That’s basically it, thank you! 9. How to do a good job in a 500-word essay on gas safety knowledge

1. Causes of safety hazards

Defects and damage left over from the design and construction of gas pipelines; defects in pipes or related equipment; pipelines Third-party damage during operation; pipeline corrosion and perforation; natural disasters; illegal operations during operation, etc. are all causes of gas safety hazards.

2. Pipeline safety and quality management measures

Preventing and controlling the occurrence of gas accidents is the foundation and prerequisite for the development of gas enterprises. In view of the factors that easily cause accidents in newly built pipelines, when constructing gas During the process of gas transmission pipelines, we should start from aspects such as materials and equipment, design, supervision, construction, market management, and improving the scientific and technological content of management materials, standardize operations, and formulate a strict management system to ensure the quality and safety of project construction. Since pipelines and facilities are mostly hidden projects and underground projects, it is necessary to strengthen the maintenance and reduce the operation of aging pipelines, discover hidden dangers in a timely manner, and nip the signs of accidents in the bud. For example, we can start from the source, strengthen the management of materials, equipment, design, and construction to ensure the quality of gas pipeline construction. In terms of design, the current standards, procedures, specifications and management regulations of the national oil and gas industry are strictly implemented; the line direction is safe, reliable, economical and reasonable, and the operability of construction and operation management is fully considered; the pipelines crossing sections such as rivers and highways are sleeved. Pipe protection and key fortification; pipeline anti-corrosion adopts the combined anti-corrosion technology of outer coating and cathodic protection; real-time monitoring of process parameters of each gas transmission station, setting up a joint sales alarm system to achieve scientific and automated management; doing a good job in engineering geological survey, and doing as much as possible Avoid unfavorable geological areas and take reasonable and effective anti-static and lightning strikes measures to minimize the impact of natural disasters on pipelines.

Secondly, in terms of construction quality management, we must strictly review the various construction organization plans of the construction unit to ensure compliance with technical specifications and engineering realities; strictly manage key construction processes, especially pipeline welding, and organize supervision of welders. Conduct qualification review and on-site assessment. Welding can only be carried out after passing the qualification; remove water, rust, oil and dirt on the groove and both sides, and conduct welding specification debugging on the test plate before formal welding; use anemometer and dry and wet thermometer to measure the welding If the wind speed, temperature and humidity on site have adverse effects, effective protective measures should be taken immediately; the welding process is strictly carried out in accordance with the requirements of the welding process instruction book; it is strictly forbidden to damage the anti-corrosion layer when the pipeline is lowered into the ditch. Use an electric spark leak detector and audio detector to check and find that Leakage points shall be repaired in time; 100% radiographic and 100% ultrasonic flaw detection shall be carried out on the welding joints of the crossing section. While strictly controlling construction quality, we adhere to the policy of "safety first, prevention first" and adopt a variety of effective safety management measures to achieve safe construction goals.

Finally, strengthen the safety management of gas pipeline operations. The safety management of urban gas operation involves all aspects.

Gas enterprises must re-refine and summarize the various safety management systems, clauses, and regulations that have been issued, so that these regulations and systems can truly have key points for assessment, objectives for inspection, basis for operation, and methods for implementation, and provide a comprehensive guide to gas safety management. The system uses "accident existence or occurrence status" to conduct comparative inspections and tests, discover weaknesses, eliminate blind spots, and promote the standardization of the system, thereby making safety inspections institutionalized, scientific, and targeted, thereby ensuring that safety precautions are in place step by step; we must pay attention to it in daily life Strengthen the maintenance of gas pipelines and pressure regulating equipment, strengthen line patrol inspections of gas pipelines, and strengthen emergency repair and rescue work for gas leakage accidents.

10. Write an essay about fuel 300

Look at low-carbon life from kitchen fuel

Seven things to open the door: firewood, rice, oil, salt, sauce, vinegar, tea, these seven daily necessities are essential for people’s lives Necessities, and the first of these supplies-"firewood" is one of the "murderers" of carbon emissions.

Ever since apes accidentally discovered that food that has been struck by lightning tastes more delicious, their ancestors have After repeated attempts, he invented the method of drilling wood to make fire, and learned to use fire to barbecue food. The wood used to make fire was later used as fuel for cooking and making fires. Many people still use firewood to this day. Cooking and making fire, but as people gradually understand carbon, they are increasingly aware that the smoke produced by firewood contains many harmful gases: such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, etc. These harmful gases are chemically stable and can escape After entering the atmosphere, it basically does not decompose in the lower atmosphere. After rising to the stratosphere, under the irradiation of ultraviolet rays, a chlorine atom that has a destructive effect on ozone will be generated. This chlorine atom decomposes ozone into oxygen, and in the reaction New chlorine atoms are generated, which can continue to react with ozone and destroy the ozone layer. Today, there is a huge ozone layer hole over the Arctic, which is caused by these harmful gases. After the ozone layer is destroyed, ultraviolet and infrared rays in the sun It shot into the earth more recklessly and warmed the global temperature. The Marshall Islands, an island country built on coral reefs, sank in the Pacific Ocean a few decades later because coral polyps were unable to form coral reefs due to the influence of warming temperatures. Not to mention the pollution in the sky, it also damages the environment on the ground. The firewood we use is cut into strips from big trees on the ground to burn fires, and the removal of these big trees reduces the vegetation area. If Excessive deforestation will lead to soil erosion and natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, mudslides, etc., and the consequences will be disastrous.

People discovered the shortcomings of using wood to burn fires and looked for more alternatives. Good fuel. When people discovered oil, they also discovered the current main gas fuel - natural gas. It is made by microorganisms decomposing certain animal and plant remains buried in shallow underground layers into organic matter. As the depth of the formation increases, As the temperature and pressure increase, the deposited organic matter can react chemically, so that the organic matter gradually cracks to produce hydrocarbons, which are generally formed over millions of years at temperatures of 75 to 200 degrees Celsius. Another type is derived from the high-temperature evaporation of petroleum. , turned into natural gas. So now people often use natural gas for cooking. Natural gas has many benefits: it does not contain carbon monoxide and is lighter than air. Once leaked, it will immediately spread upward and is not easy to accumulate to form explosive gas. It is safer; it It also reduces the use of coal and oil, which can reduce oil extraction, reduce harm to the environment and land: natural gas can also be used as a clean energy, reducing sulfur dioxide and dust emissions by nearly 100%, and reducing carbon dioxide emissions. It accounts for 60% of gas emissions and 50% of nitrogen oxide emissions, and helps reduce the formation of acid rain, alleviate the global greenhouse effect, and fundamentally improve environmental quality. It is a good green and environmentally friendly gas.

However, these are still limited. Not enough. In the future, I think we should use solar energy and nuclear energy as fuel. Because solar energy is infinite, if we use solar energy as fuel, we can protect the environment and not produce harmful gases. It can also make people feel very reassured and very It is safe and there is no need to worry about gas leakage. Nuclear energy is also a good choice because the energy produced by nuclear energy is very huge. If nuclear energy is successfully tested as a fuel and nuclear fusion is produced, the energy generated can be used by billions of people. Year, this sounds like a beautiful myth, but I believe it will definitely become a reality. At that time, the sky will be bluer, the clouds will float farther, the earth will become green, surrounded by water, and the green mountains will stand tall.

No matter what kind of "firewood" humans will use in the future, I believe that as long as we have the concept of low-carbon life, we will definitely create a low-carbon miracle!