Common forms: brick lintels, reinforced brick lintels and reinforced concrete lintels. Ring beam: In a masonry structure house, closed reinforced concrete beams are set horizontally within the masonry

Common forms: brick lintels, reinforced brick lintels and reinforced concrete lintels. Ring beam: In a masonry structure house, closed reinforced concrete beams are set horizontally within the masonry. Setting ring beams in masonry structure houses can enhance the overall and spatial rigidity of the house and prevent uniform settlement or large vibration loads due to the foundation. In earthquake zones, the main functions of ring beams are: to strengthen the connection between longitudinal and transverse walls and improve the integrity of the house; as an edge component of the floor, to improve the horizontal stiffness of the floor; to reduce the free length of the wall and improve the stability of the wall. properties; limit the development and extension of diagonal cracks in the wall, improve the shear strength of the wall; reduce the impact of uneven settlement of the foundation on the house during earthquakes. Most of the walls we saw during the internship were made of hollow blocks. The promotion of the use of hollow bricks is a national policy and a need in the project. Hollow bricks have heat insulation, sound insulation, light weight, and can save materials, etc. advantage. When we went to the construction site for the second time, we mainly learned how to waterproof. On the roof we saw SBS modified asphalt waterproofing membrane and cold base oil. The smell of these materials was so bad that we felt uncomfortable once we were on the roof. When I first went up, I saw the master workers laying waterproof membranes. They were baking them while laying them. We have seen a video about waterproofing before, and the teacher also said that baking the membrane with fire can make the membrane tightly combined with the floor, preventing the bulging of the membrane from affecting the waterproofing effect. When paving the waterproof membrane, it is necessary to turn it up 250mm or 300mm, so that the rainwater can be patted into the drainage pipe along the tengu, and prevent the rainwater from flowing back along the joints to the bottom of the membrane. This is what we learn in "Housing Architecture". During the explanation of roof waterproofing, the teacher also mentioned the concept of post-pouring tape. Post-cast belts are used to prevent harmful cracks that may occur in cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures due to uneven temperature and shrinkage during construction. Temporary construction joints are left at the corresponding positions of the foundation floor, walls, and beams in accordance with the requirements of the design or construction specifications. The structure is temporarily divided into several parts. After the internal shrinkage of the components, the construction joint concrete is poured after a certain period of time to connect the structure into a whole.

During the internship, the teacher also took us to watch a video of the foundation pit wall support process. In the video we see the entire process of treating the foundation pit wall. The master worker first drills holes in the wall of the foundation pit, uses a Luoyang shovel to hollow out the soil in the cavity, and then pours concrete into the hole. Then lay a steel wire mesh on the outside of the foundation pit wall to cover the foundation pit wall, and spray cement mortar on the steel wire mesh. This method is used to strengthen the walls of the foundation pit to prevent the surrounding soil from collapsing. I think this method should be mostly used in areas with high groundwater levels and unstable geological structures. The sandy and gravel geological conditions in our hometown seldom provide support for foundation pits.

The entire internship process lasted for nearly two weeks, and I gained a lot. There is still a gap between what I learned and my actual future work. Although this internship was not long, I was exposed to many things that I had never known before. A lot of knowledge could not be learned in books before. Through this internship, I enhanced my practical ability. I left the books and came to the construction site to truly feel the necessity of internship. It also made me realize that the basic knowledge is not solid. During the internship, I found that our major has a lot of room for exploration and development. During my internship, I saw the unnecessary waste of construction materials. This is related to the workers' awareness of conservation and the overall management of supervisors. If resources can be effectively saved, more economic benefits may be generated. In addition, there are some construction waste piled inside and outside the construction site. The accumulation of these construction waste is not beautiful and pollutes the environment. Whether these construction waste can be recycled and turned into treasure is also a question we can study. In short, at present, I think there are many deficiencies in construction management of many projects. I also hope that I can explore more, better and more effective organizational management methods in my future studies, and apply them after work to make excellent projects. project.

We would like to thank the teachers who have worked hard to guide us.