How to do a good job in psychological counseling for junior high school students

Nowadays, junior high school students in the third year of junior high school are facing various pressures, especially the pressure of entering higher schools. They have many psychological problems, such as depression, hesitation, depression, low self-esteem, etc., which lead to aversion to studying and fear of studying. Therefore, as a class teacher, it is very important to do a good job in psychological counseling for students.

Psychological counseling refers to the use of principles and methods of psychology and education to consciously and purposefully provide direct or indirect psychological counseling to students with general psychological problems encountered in their study and life. , and the process of diagnosing and treating these psychological disorders or minor mental illnesses.

The class teacher is the forerunner of students' ideological work. Because they directly deal with students' ideological problems, they are best able to discover students' psychological problems. During the class management process, the class teacher directly provides psychological counseling to students, so that they can teach students in accordance with their aptitude and give guidance based on their personality differences, so as to correct the students' course of progress. As a class teacher, you must strengthen your leading position in psychological counseling, stimulate students' self-education through psychological counseling, and take it as your responsibility to promote students' self-awakening and learn self-psychological care.

1. Understand the situation and be targeted

The goal of the class teacher’s psychological counseling for students is to maintain and enhance students’ mental health, cultivate sound personality and good personality qualities, and improve their understanding of the situation. Adaptability to social life. In order to achieve the goal well, we must first have a relatively comprehensive understanding of the psychological phenomena of students. To this end, a "Survey on the Psychological Behavior of Middle School Students" was launched. In terms of studying, getting along with others, what bad habits do you have, how do you deal with criticism from parents and teachers, what are your views on interacting with the opposite sex, and what are you most afraid of? What topics do you talk about most with your classmates in private? Twenty-nine items were included in the survey, and students in twelve classes at the school were surveyed in the form of anonymous questionnaires. Judging from the statistical results: 71.3% lacked confidence in entering their ideal school. Regarding criticism and accusations from parents and teachers, 71.4% were unable to treat them correctly and were bored, 49.7% thought they had bad habits (such as smoking, surfing the Internet, lying, etc.), and 63.4% needed help from others mentally. . In the "most feared" column, 72% of students reported poor test scores and were criticized by parents and teachers; 31.3% of students disapproved of having too close interactions with the opposite sex, and 42% of students said there would be no harm. Influence; 71.9% of private discussions have nothing to do with learning to be a good person.

Through investigation and analysis, we can see that most students have certain psychological problems. Through investigation, we can understand their specific situations, so that we can carry out specific work in a targeted manner. :

1. Through parent-teacher meetings, home visits, etc., introduce students’ performance in school to parents, provide them with psychological education guidance, and help them understand the psychological characteristics and coping strategies of students of different ages. , actively create a social and psychological environment suitable for students' growth, and promote the healthy development of students' physical and mental health.

2. Provide necessary help for students’ psychological problems and help them develop good psychological qualities. For example, by holding a class meeting with the theme of "Let Others Be Envy of Me", students can cultivate the psychological character of being the first and enterprising and the perseverance to achieve their careers. Through the themed debate "How to deal with criticism and accusations from parents and teachers", students are helped to cultivate the psychological character and perseverance of being able to tolerate setbacks, be generous to others, and adaptable to flexibility. Seize the opportunity and use indefinite methods to train students in psychological qualities such as not being arrogant when winning, not discouraged when losing, not feeling inferior, and not having stage fright, as well as self-control and social skills.

3. Fully mobilize students’ enthusiasm for self-education. Only when students consciously become the subject of education, that is, when external demands are transformed into conscious behaviors, can educational work have real results. The prerequisite for self-education is a certain level of self-awareness. Self-awareness includes forms such as self-concept, self-experience, self-concept, self-monitoring and self-evaluation. Self-awareness plays an immeasurable role in a student's personality development. Students' emotions, will, behavior, and characteristics of handling interpersonal relationships are all affected and restricted by self-awareness. Students with higher self-awareness generally have a more positive self-image, are easy to accept themselves, and achieve self-love, self-respect, self-confidence, and self-esteem, which are the basic conditions for students to maintain mental health and move towards success.

To this end, the class teacher should help each student improve their level of self-awareness, such as posting slogans of "self-esteem, self-love, self-improvement, and self-confidence" in the class, as well as related banners, create an environment, and always alert classmates. Let the students shout the "Three I" slogan - "I want to do well, I can do well, I will do well", and combine the psychological characteristics of the students with the "Twenty Points for Positive Progress" and make them into cards Hang it in the front of the classroom to create an atmosphere where students can always check it, strictly demand themselves, and enhance their self-awareness. At the same time, we must pay attention to the process of gradual and continuous improvement. It is necessary to point out the shortcomings and deficiencies of students in a timely manner and provide guidance and correction. Only when students realize their shortcomings and deficiencies will they have the desire to correct and improve. It is necessary to make students realize their potential, capture their shining points in time, affirm and encourage them, so that they can have the confidence to forge ahead. In addition to using self-supervision, self-command, and self-encouragement methods, we also pay attention to allowing students to plan and prohibit themselves. Let your self-awareness be further strengthened.

In education and teaching management, students should also be helped to calmly observe themselves from the perspective of a third party, objectively analyze the positive and negative characteristics of their own personality, explore their actual needs, and adjust Improve your motivation level and face your own value. For example: conducting a speech and discussion on the theme of "Do I have bad habits? What benefits can my existing habits bring to me?" Through this activity, the students have received a good education. Those without bad habits think they can further improve, and some also have a good understanding and work hard to correct them. To help students establish good interpersonal relationships. Good interpersonal relationships are a factor that cannot be ignored in promoting their mental health. Class teachers should help students first get along well with their classmates, teachers, and parents who have a close relationship with them. It is necessary to guide students to master the skills of active listening, to accurately understand the intentions of others, to help students develop an attitude of humbly learning from others and to express appreciation for the strengths of others, and to help students improve their ability to make requests to others and express negativity to others tactfully. Ability to express opinions, etc. For example: delivering a keynote speech on "Communication and understanding is the key - correctly treat the demands made by parents and teachers on us". It is required to carefully write a speech first, and then conduct speech exchanges; deliver a speech on the theme of "I should learn from them" so that students can learn from each other's strengths and make progress together.

4. Correctly guide students’ understanding of college entrance issues. An important factor that causes students to be tired of studying, depressed and other bad psychological qualities is the pressure to enter higher education (whether they can get into their ideal school and choose their ideal major). The reality is that the vast majority of students are very blind and passive about this. Therefore, the class teacher should help students understand society, broaden their horizons, and make students realize that social needs are multi-faceted and multi-level. Meeting social needs is the best realization of self-worth. Under this premise, students are guided to determine realistic self-expectations and goals, self-design, self-realization, no baggage, and full potential, so as to achieve satisfactory results.

2. Pay attention to feedback and improve efficiency.

Feedback is an important concept in cybernetics. Class teachers should pay attention to tracking and feedback on the effectiveness of psychological counseling. From the perspective of the class teacher, it is required to continuously convey the information stored in one's mind or life to the students, so that this information can act on the students and arouse students' reactions. From the student's perspective, it is necessary to constantly convey the information input by the class teacher in different ways. mode output. Let this information re-act on the class teacher. Students' information output ability reflects the effectiveness of the class teacher's psychological counseling. Because students have different levels of psychological quality, and there are certain gaps in knowledge base and potential, therefore, the effectiveness of psychological counseling is not the same. Some partial output, some prototype output, and some simultaneously send out new information. Class teachers should promptly track and grasp students' ideological trends based on the output of students' psychological information, and flexibly and timely adjust the content and methods of psychological counseling according to the specific characteristics of different students to meet the psychological needs of different students, so that students can pass Work hard to get feedback on your success. Success, for a student himself, is the highest reward for his progress and can encourage him to make better progress. At the same time, a successful person is an excellent role model, and praising him is the most powerful way to motivate other students. In teaching management, through the selection of monthly "Progress Stars", students are allowed to experience the joy of change and progress and pursue success.

In addition, the feelings of students who will leave school (or find a job or enter higher education)—the experience of achieving success, especially their psychological performance and changes while in school, etc. Feedback to current students in the form of letters, discussions, etc. Stimulate students' belief in having the courage to practice and move forward, enhance their desire and confidence in pursuing success, thereby generating healthy psychological activities and improving the effectiveness of psychological counseling.

3. Emotional communication throughout

Emotion is people’s attitude and experience towards objective things and objects. It is a non-intellectual factor and has a broad and profound impact on all aspects of human body and mind. The powerful spiritual power of influence not only has a wide range of influences on people's psychological activities, but also plays a very important role in practical activities. As Suhomlinsky said: "I am convinced a thousand times that without a poetic emotional and aesthetic clarity, there will be no comprehensive intellectual development of students." People's understanding process is always accompanied by Along with the emotional process, the degree of awareness is also related to emotion. In order to do a good job in psychological counseling for students, we must pay attention to making good use of the "emotion" lever. First, the class teacher must strengthen his own emotional cultivation, pay attention to and enhance the appeal of his activities, and use rich and noble emotions to arouse students' emotional excitement. *Ming. Secondly, the class teacher must be good at fully expressing his inner feelings, so as to effectively exert the role of emotional appeal. Third, make good use of the emotional transfer function to try to transfer the students' positive emotions towards the class teacher to the content taught by the teacher, that is, "be close to the teacher and believe in the teaching." In this way, you can achieve twice the result with half the effort, and even achieve unexpected results.

As a class teacher, you should fully realize the important role of good psychological quality in the healthy growth of students. You should always focus on how to enhance the practice of cultivating students' good psychological quality and pay attention to psychological counseling. .