The touching story of Zhou Enlai

The slogan of the Red Army in Baimian Yao Village: The Red Army will absolutely protect the Yao people

Longsheng Autonomous County is a minority mountainous county in northern Guangxi, home to Miao, Yao, Dong and Zhuang people. , Han and other nationalities. The Red Army entered this county after crossing the first high mountain - Laoshanjie during the Long March. It was the first ethnic minority inhabited area that the Red Army entered during its Long March.

In October 1934, the Central Red Army began to implement strategic shifts in accordance with the orders of the Party Central Committee. Chiang Kai-shek mobilized a large number of troops and set up a fourth blockade on both sides of the Xiangjiang River at the junction of Guangxi and Hunan, in an attempt to annihilate the Red Army here. On November 25, the Red Army began to cross the Xiangjiang River, and the most heroic battle since the Red Army's Long March began. On December 1, the central government and the Red Army finally crossed the Xiangjiang River in a desperate effort, but "in the battle over the Xiangjiang River, more than half of the Red Army suffered casualties." After crossing the Xiangjiang River, the number of the two columns of the Central Red Army and the Central Military Commission had dropped sharply from 86,000 at the time of departure to 30,000. On December 4, two columns of the Central Military Commission and the fifth and eighth armies of the Red Front Army began to set off from Qianjiasi and Tangfangbian in Xing'an County, Guangxi, and crossed the Laoshan border in two ways to avoid the enemy. pursuit. Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De and other leaders of the party and the Red Army all walked in the procession.

Yang Yongming, a retired cadre of the Longsheng Nationalities Autonomous County Cultural Relics Museum, told reporters that the Red Army entered Longsheng after crossing the Laoshan border. Longsheng is a multi-ethnic area, and it is also an area where the reactionary ruling classes of the past dynasties have long carried out dark rule and the revolutionary influence is very weak. Before the Red Army came here, the Kuomintang reactionaries spread a lot of rumors, causing people of all ethnic groups to have many misunderstandings about the Red Army. While the Battle of Xiangjiang was still going on, the Political Department of the Red Army issued the earliest ethnic work policy during the Long March - "Principle Instructions on Work among the Yao and Miao Ethnic Groups", which advocated ethnic equality and unity, and respected the customs, habits and religious beliefs of ethnic minorities. , and at the same time formulated 13 "Slogans to the Miao and Yao People" to fully prepare for entering minority areas. After the Red Army entered the Longsheng ethnic minority residential area, they fought fiercely with the Kuomintang troops. On the other hand, they enthusiastically and actively promoted our party's policies to the local ethnic minority people by convening meetings and writing slogans, and always protected the interests of ethnic minorities. , respecting the customs, habits and religious beliefs of ethnic minorities, and quickly gained the trust of ethnic minority people.

Under the guidance of Yang Yongming, the reporter came to Baimian Yao Village in Zhoujia Village, Sishui Township, this county, and saw two Red Army slogans carved on a huge stone: "The Red Army will absolutely protect the Yao people" and "Continue to fight , look for the light again." According to the book "The Red Army's Long March Passed Longsheng" published by the former Party History Office of this county, when the Red Army's Long March passed by Longsheng, the head of the 4th Division of the 3rd Red Army met with the local Yao uprising under this huge rock next to Baimian Yao Village. leader. In order to oppose the oppression of the reactionary Kuomintang government, the local ethnic minority people once launched an uprising, but it was quickly suppressed by the reactionary Kuomintang government. Among the several Yao people hiding in the cave under this huge rock were the leaders of the uprising at that time.

The head of the Red Army preached to the Yao compatriots the nature, mission and ethnic policies of our party, eliminating their prejudices and misunderstandings about the Red Army. To encourage them to continue the revolution, the Red Army also gave them some guns and ammunition, and carved two Red Army slogans on the boulder. To commemorate this period of history, the local ethnic minority people called the huge stone "Longtongue Rock" engraved with the Red Army slogan "Red Army Rock". Now, 70 years later, these two slogans are still well protected and clearly legible. Baimian Yao Village has therefore become a famous local classic red tourism attraction. Tens of thousands of tourists visit here every year, and the people of Baimian Yao Village have also lived a life of getting rid of poverty and becoming rich.

Longping Dong Village Drum Tower: Zhou Enlai commanded the Red Army to fight the fire and protect the Dong Village here

Longsheng Autonomous County of all ethnic groups on the border with Hunan was the last county where the Red Army left Guangxi during the Long March. Township is the largest township in the county where the Dong people live together. It was from here that the Red Army entered the Tongtong Dong Autonomous County in Hunan and held the famous "Tongtang Conference".

In Longping Dong Village in Pingping Township, the reporter saw the "Red Army Building" still standing in the center of the village.

This is a Dong drum tower built during the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty. It is an important place for meetings of the Dong people and a symbol of the Dong village. This ancient building, formerly known as "Yang's Drum Tower" and now called "Red Army Tower", records a time-honored story about Zhou Enlai commanding the Red Army to put out fires and protect the Dong village.

Picture description: The former site of the "Jiandi Hall" in Longping Dong Village. At that time, the Red Army held a mass meeting here to publicly try the arson agents.

Su Xinmin, former director of the Party History Office of Longsheng Autonomous County, told reporters that after the Red Army entered the ethnic minority areas in northern Guangxi, the reactionary warlords of the Kuomintang sent spies to sneak into the villages where the Red Army was camping and set fire to food everywhere in order to spread " The rumor that the Red Army set fire to the country sowed a wedge between the Red Army and ethnic minorities. Zhu De attached great importance to this and issued an order to the heads of each legion: In the past few days, the enemy in Guangxi sent a large number of spies to burn down civilian houses in the garrison of our legions in an attempt to fatigue and frame our army and destroy the Red Army's prestige among the masses. The heads of each corps and their political departments should conduct strict inspections after arriving at the campsite and before leaving the camp. In the event of a fire, efforts must be made to extinguish it and rescue the victims. Once captured, spies who commit arson should be put on trial at a mass meeting and then shot.

The main force of the Red Army camped in Longping Dong Village, and central leaders such as Mao Zedong, Zhu De, and Zhou Enlai were also stationed here. Late one night, a wooden building in the village suddenly caught fire. The fire spread quickly due to the wind, and most of the Dong village suddenly turned into a sea of ??flames. Zhou Enlai, then Vice Chairman of the Military Commission, quickly came to the "Yang's Drum Tower" in the center of the village and personally directed the Red Army soldiers to put out the fire. At the same time, he ordered the Red Army security personnel to secretly investigate the arson agents. With the heroic rescue efforts of the Red Army soldiers and the people on the village, the fire was quickly put out, and the "Yang's Drum Tower" and a large number of private houses to the east of the Drum Tower were saved. That night, Red Army security personnel captured several Kuomintang arson agents. The next day, the Red Army held a mass meeting in an ancestral hall on the village to publicly interrogate the arson agents, expose the despicable acts of the enemy agents, publicize the policies of the Red Army and our party, and distribute relief funds to the people who suffered losses. The Dong people understood the truth of the matter, understood the Red Army, and realized that the Red Army was fundamentally different from the Kuomintang army. As a result, the Dong people began to actively help the Red Army, serving as guides and porters, and many young adults even joined the Red Army. To commemorate this period of history, the local people later renamed the "Yang's Drum Tower" as the "Red Army Tower", and the ancestral hall where the Kuomintang's arson agents were tried was also called the "Enemy Trial Hall", both of which became the local traditional patriotism education base.