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Sucheng District has a long history, and has been the political, economic and cultural center and the north-south transportation hub of Suqian since ancient times. Since the Spring and Autumn Period, Suyu, Xia Xiang, Suqian and other counties have set up administrative offices here, leaving four ancient city sites.

Suyu (Youyou) City

Suyu City, commonly known as Gu Xia City. In the neighborhood Committee of Zhenglou Ancient City in Sucheng District, the south bank of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal 1 km is a section of the abandoned Yellow River north dike. It was ruled by the Jewish state in ancient times. In 22 1 BC, Qin Shihuang implemented the county system and changed the country of Judea to Judea county. Jin was renamed Suyu County, and later Wei was Suyu County. In Nanliang, Zhang, the commander of the garrison, built a city corridor on the basis of the original county to divert water and protect the environment. In 735 AD, due to the flood of the Yellow River, the branch moved north to Xia Xiang. After the Ming Dynasty, the Town God Temple and Sanyi Temple were built here. Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty visited this land during his southern tour.

The ancient city of Suyu experienced wars and floods, and the people were miserable and the scene was bleak. Chen Yuanfu's poem "Ancient Suqian" says: "The Huaihe River flows eastward to ancient Suqian, which is desolate and uninhabited. I don't want to take off my shirt at night, and the boat is by the west wind "; "When the sun sets, the weeds in what does the fox say are yellow, the geese fly countless waters, and the stars are scattered on the cold sand. What year is the ancient battlefield? "

Due to long-term wind and rain erosion, especially during 1958 "Great Leap Forward", the ruins of Suyu ancient city were cut down by about 6 meters and connected with the Yellow River levee built on the mountain, losing its majestic momentum. The northern foot of the mountain was excavated and stood steeply, still showing the posture of Cui Wei. According to the detection of cultural relics experts in Jiangsu Province, the cultural outcrop area of the ancient city ruins is 2000 square meters, the mixed cultural layer is 20 meters above sea level, the local cultural layer is 3 meters thick, and the gray-black soil cultural layer is below.

In the northwest corner of the ancient city, there is an ancient well. Water is bitter, and drought does not dry up. The masses said that McCullough fought here with a gun and a horse, which is the historical truth. The old well was blocked a long time ago, and a new well was dug a few feet south. The water is clear about two feet deep, and the borehole wall is not astringent or stagnant, which is no less than the ancient well. Hundreds of meters north of the well, it is the site of the ancient Sanyi Temple, not far west of the temple, it is the site of the Baizitang, one foot away from the site of Kannonji at the top of the mountain. These temples were destroyed by Japanese invaders.

On the south side of the well and the north slope of the mountain, the quilt dug up the remains of five temples, each about 3 meters wide and 5 meters deep. There are brick columns in front, with different sizes and thicknesses, words or patterns, which belong to things before the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Six Dynasties, and there are intact pottery "kisses". The temple may have been destroyed and rebuilt and washed away by the water. In the Kannonji at the top of the mountain, a plant of Cooper was planted, which was originally confined to their chests and existed in the pre-Qin period. Unfortunately, it was cut down at 1947. There are seventy-two stone steps in front of buddhist nun, which extend downward along the south slope, which is the road to the ancient city market. More than ten stone steps have been dug, and the remaining dozens of stone steps and the ruins of the ancient city market have been buried by the sand accumulated by the waste Yellow River.

Xiaxiangcheng

Xiaxiangcheng, commonly known as Shanggu Town, is located in the Sixth Group Neighborhood Committee of Suqian Economic Development Zone, facing Wang Xiang's hometown across the river. When Xiaxiang County was established in the early Qin Dynasty, there was a tucheng, which was caused by the Han and Jin Dynasties. The abolition of the Southern Song Dynasty, the restoration of the Northern Wei Dynasty and the abolition of the Northern Qi Dynasty were all subordinate rules. In 983 AD, in the third year of Yongxi in Song Taizong, Xiaxiangcheng was destroyed by Huang Pan. Due to the lack of historical records, the building scale and changes of Xiaxiangcheng have been unknown.

At the beginning of 2005, Suqian Municipal Government planned to build Suqian Yiwu International Trade City on the original site of the ancient city of Xia Xiang. In order to find out and protect the ruins of the ancient city of Xia Xiang, the cultural relics management department of Suqian Municipal Government invited the Nanjing Museum to take charge, and the Yecheng Drilling Team of China Academy of Social Sciences carried out specific construction. From August 22 to September 25, 2005, the second stage of archaeological exploration was carried out on the site of the ancient city of Xia Xiang. Scope of this exploration: north of Qingdao Road, south of Xiamen Road, east of Fukang Avenue and west of Development Avenue. With the east-west Pudong Road as the boundary, the south of Pudong Road to Xiamen Road is exploration area A, and the north of Pudong Road to Qingdao Road is exploration area B. There are 8 rows of exploration holes in the two areas, with a general exploration area of about 50,000 square meters and a spy area of 3,000 square meters.

This exploration and trial excavation confirmed that there is an ancient city site with thick cultural layer and rich connotation in the southwest of Suqian. Most of the pottery pieces unearthed in the cultural layer are from the Warring States to the Han Dynasty. According to these pottery fragments and city walls, it can be inferred that this ancient city site is the location of Xia Xiang County in the Qin and Han Dynasties recorded in the literature. Due to the high groundwater level, it is not possible to excavate the architectural relics, city walls and gates in the city on a large scale.

It is found in this exploration that the cultural layer of the site of the ancient city of Xia Xiang is mostly below 7 meters, and above 7 meters is the yellow floodplain formed by the flood of the Yellow River. The raw soil gradually rises from southeast to northwest, and the terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, which is consistent with the overall topographic trend of Suqian and echoes the records of frequent floods in Suqian history in the literature. This exploration found Xiaxiangcheng and related sites in the Qin and Han Dynasties, determined the view of Xiaxiangcheng recorded in ancient documents, and found city walls, moats, turrets, ash pits, ancient wells and so on. Unveiled the mystery of Xiaxiangcheng for the first time.

In this exploration, part of the southeast corner of the city wall was dissected, and the construction and accumulation of the upper part of the city wall were understood. Among them, the wall soil is 2? 7-5? 6 meters, width 10- 18 meters. The upper part is red soil, which is hard, 0? Thick. 9-3? 3 meters. Blue-gray soil contains tiles. The moat is located 20 meters outside the city wall and its width is not less than 45 meters. The accumulation depth in the moat is 7? 8-8? 2 meters, more than yellow mud, 8? There is dark gray silt below 8-9 meters, which is sticky and 0? 2 meters, further down is grayish yellow silt, depth 10? 3- 10? 5 meters is yellow raw soil.

In this drilling and trial excavation, a large number of fragments of slate tiles and simple tiles were unearthed. The decorative patterns on the front of ceramic tile include coarse rope pattern, thin rope pattern, intermittent rope pattern and rib pattern. There are also some plain ceramic tile fragments, most of which are plain, and a few have pockmarks and finger marks left when making blanks. Tiles have two colors: red and gray, with gray in the majority and red in the minority. Ceramics are all mixed sand ceramics. The porcelain pieces unearthed in the ditch on the surface of the city wall are fragments of porcelain bowls with sauce glaze outside and white glaze inside, and there are sticky marks on the porcelain pieces. The other one is celadon Korean bottle mouth.

From June 25th, 2005 to October 9th, 2005/kloc-0, experts from the Institute of Archaeology of Nanjing Museum continued the second phase of archaeological exploration in the site of Regal Garden, Tongcheng Villa and Tianxing Garden west of Development Avenue in Xiaxiang City. Blue bricks and bone fragments were found for the first time, and the positions of the west and north city walls were found. It is preliminarily determined that Xiaxiangcheng is a square city with a side length of about 450 meters, and there are ancient architectural remains in the city.

Suqian Cheng Yi

In 762 AD (the first year of Baoying in Tang Daizong), Suyu County was renamed Suqian County, and the county seat was still in the original Xia Xiang city site. In the Song Dynasty, due to the flood of the Yellow River and the defeat, Suqian County moved to Nanyili, the hometown of Wang Xiang, and was built on 1275. The city wall was originally built of mud, but it was destroyed in a military disaster at the end of Yuan Dynasty. It was rebuilt in the year of Zheng Deyuan in the Ming Dynasty (1506). It ranges from Zixin 'gou in the south to Maling Mountain in the north. There is Linhuai in the south, Tongtai in the north, Zhenhai in the east and Luo Hui in the west. The summer of 1577 was flooded by yellow and the city was annihilated. 1In July, 985, the stone tablet of Huang San Temple and two imperial plaques were unearthed in the ruins of this city.

Suqian Ji Cheng

In the fourth year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1576), the Yellow River rose, endangering the city. Yu Renzhi moved to Maling Mountain to rebuild the new city (now Suqian Old City). The new county is built of earth and bricks. It surrounds the city for about four miles and is oval. The wall is ten feet high and five feet wide. The top is paved with bricks, ten feet wide and three feet high. There are three doors: looking at Huai in the south, welcoming in the east and connecting Gongxiu in the west. In order to avoid taboo, instead of setting the north gate, a pavilion called Lan Xiu was built on the wall of the North City. The dike outside the city to protect it. The county government of Zhisuo is wide with the height of the mountain, 45 feet deep and 30 feet wide. The five steps of the county gate reach the lobby, which means from bottom to top. 1594, He Dongfeng, a magistrate of a county, renovated the city wall to facilitate brick masonry, transforming the original three doors into four doors, and changing the south from one to two doors, but still without the north gate. Specifically: Yangchun in the east, Huang Zhen in the west, Yingxun (Xiaonanmen) in the southeast and Heqing (Nanmen) in the southwest. Dutch writer John? Niehoff's "The First Visit of the Dutch Ambassador to China" records that 1656 (13th year of Qing Shunzhi) in June, when the Dutch delegation went north along the Yellow River to see the Chinese emperor, it passed through Suqian. They described Suqian County as "located at the foot of a mountain" and "there is a pagoda on the right side of the city, which is tall and beautiful." Unfortunately, Suqian County Records did not record it.

1668 earthquake (the seventh year of Kangxi in Qing dynasty) caused many city walls to collapse, leaving only two towers and more than 30 city walls. Su Hong Tongzhi Deng Yuancan rebuilt. 1768 (thirty-two years of Qianlong), Chichunling, a county magistrate, was rebuilt, the east gate was transformed into Chaoyang, and the east gate and west gate were added. The city has become a city three miles long, two feet high, three feet six inches thick and 840 feet high. Later, during the Xianfeng period, he Wang and others rebuilt it and built an extra dam 1600 feet long outside the city. 1894 (19th year of Guangxu), Ren Hui, a magistrate of a county, continued to repair and built watchtowers, suspension bridges, turrets and culverts outside the city. 1928, North Gate was added and Zhongshan was named. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Suqian has been learning from Maling in the north of the city to Xingfu Middle Road in the east, Huang Yun Road in the south and Huanghe East Road 60 meters in the west. The county department and Zhongwu Post Station live in the north of the city. Xiaonanmen and Beichengmen are connected by Fu Gui Street (now Zhongshan Road), and Fu Qian Street in front of the county government is connected with Xicheng Gate and Fu Gui Street. Taiping Street is to the west of the county government. A road at Dongchengmen connects with Fu Gui Street. There are 8 temples, temples, palaces and shrines in the city.

After the founding of New China, due to the need of urban construction, Suqian ancient city was demolished at the beginning of 1952, leaving only the west gate. 1970 or so, the west gate was also demolished.