A narrative is urgently needed!

How to write a narrative (3 articles) 1. Students observe and write.

Writing observation composition is one of the normal homework assigned by the teacher to our students. So how can I write such a composition? I want to talk about some views for students' reference.

First, observe the writing of plants.

We live in a colorful world of plants. Pay more attention to observation at ordinary times, so as to gradually understand the growth laws of various plants and correctly reflect the phenomena related to plants when writing.

Observing and understanding a plant can generally adopt the following methods:

1, according to the field observation

That is to say, look at the whole first, and then observe each part in a certain order from the aspects of roots, stems, branches, leaves and fruits. For example, bamboo nodes have underground roots and fibrous roots; Bamboo stems are cylindrical, hollow and jointed; The leaves are long and narrow and the veins are parallel; Bamboo teeth are called bamboo shoots; Old bamboos over 60 years old will blossom and bear fruit. The shape of bamboo is clear, straight and upright.

Step 2 Observe by stages

In order to fully understand a plant, it is necessary to observe it for a long time according to its growth process. Because plants develop, grow, develop, bear fruit and die in nature, the shape of each period is different. For example, the new leaves of Parthenocissus tricuspidata are bright red, and then gradually grow into bright green. Within a few months, the longer the leaves, the longer the vines. Parthenocissus tricuspidata has a petiole on its stem, and there are six or seven branched filaments on its reverse side, each of which is like a snail's antenna. The new filaments are also bright red, which are the feet of Parthenocissus tricuspidata. When the foot touches the wall, the heads of six or seven filaments turn into small disks, which hold the wall, hold the tender stems and cling to the wall. In this way, I climbed onto the roof one by one. The feet that didn't touch the wall withered in a few days. The thin and small disk that touched the wall turned gray and stuck firmly to the wall. In summer, the leaves of Parthenocissus tricuspidata are densely layered; Autumn leaves are yellow and withered; In winter, the walls are full of houses, leaving only withered vines criss-crossing. The spring breeze will break out in the coming year, and it will be revived after death.

3. Comparative observation

There are many kinds of plants in nature, and some plants with similar shapes can only be distinguished by comparison. For example, roses, Chinese rose and Chinese rose all belong to the same category, and they are all ornamental flowers. They are colorful, fragrant and similar in shape. If we compare the three kinds of flowers together, we can find out their differences. Different leaves, Chinese rose leaves, 3-5 pieces per stalk, smooth; 5-9 roses, pilose; 5-9 roses with concave veins and wrinkles. Different flowers, roses, single flowers, long stems, many colors, flower diameter more than 5 cm; Roses, flower clusters form panicles, corymbose inflorescences, and flowers are about 3 cm in diameter; Rose, a solitary flower or tribal flower, has two kinds: red and white, with short stems. The thorns and fruits of these three kinds of flowers are also different.

The above methods are commonly used to observe plants and can be used flexibly. After carefully observing plants with these methods, write down the observed things in a certain order, which is a well-organized and substantial article.

(A brief review of the example)

Second, observe the scenery and write articles.

Writing character notes is always inseparable from the description of the scenery. Proper scenery description is very important for expressing characters' thoughts and feelings, creating environmental atmosphere, and highlighting characters' images and central ideas. Observing scenery and writing should generally pay attention to the following points:

1, pay attention to the seasonal characteristics of the scenery.

All the year round, spring, summer, autumn and winter, different seasons and different times, the colors are different. The seasons are changing and the scenery is different. The seasons are changing, and so are the natural landscapes. We should pay attention to what flowers should bloom in the season and what crops should grow in the season. We should keep this in mind in our daily life and never do whatever we want.

2. Pay attention to the static, dynamic and color description of the scene.

For static and dynamic scenes, it is usually to write their static or dynamic directly. You can also combine static and dynamic writing, static writing and dynamic writing, or dynamic writing and static writing by contrast. We often say that "it's quiet enough to hear the sound of an embroidery needle falling to the ground" and "silence is better than sound" are all described in this way. If we study this method seriously, we can make the dynamic and static scenery more vivid. The colors of natural scenery are ever-changing and gorgeous, and they are inexhaustible without painting or writing. Describing the color of the scenery is an important way to add color to the article, but it must be appropriate. Too much "makeup" will be boring.

3. Pay attention to describing the foothold and order.

People's positions and angles are different, and the scenery of the same family will look very different. For example, standing at the top of Lushan Mountain to see the waterfall, you can't feel the feeling of "suspecting that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days", but standing at the foot of Lushan Mountain to see the waterfall is like a long white practice, pouring down from the mountain. Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote the poem "The incense burner in Rizhao produces purple smoke, the waterfall hangs in Yangchuan in the distance and flies down to thousands of feet in three days". It is suspected that the Milky Way has set for nine days. It was written after standing at the foot of the mountain and watching the waterfall. After the foothold is determined, we should also pay attention to the order of scenery description. Generally speaking, there are three orders of landscape writing. One is spatial order, who writes methodically according to the distance, up and down, left and right of the scene; The second is chronological order, that is, writing according to the order in which the scenes appear; The third is to write in the order of the scenery in the author's mind.

(A brief comment on the example)

Third, observe the writing of animals.

Students generally love small animals and always want to write them down after seeing them. So how to observe and describe small animals should generally pay attention to the following three points.

1, pay attention to observe and describe the shape of animals. For example, we studied Gecko, and the author introduced the appearance of Gecko to us step by step. Feet like ivy feet; The first triangle; Mouth, can't see clearly; Eyes are very smart; The tail is long and thin; Dressed in patterns. According to the order from bottom to top, from front to back, from part to whole, the appearance characteristics of gecko were observed in detail, which reflected that gecko was a clever little animal. Observing and describing the shape of animals can also directly summarize the external characteristics of animals as a whole. For example, the feathers of magpies are mostly black and green, but the white feathers on the shoulders and abdomen move, which is simple and clean. Magpie's posture is light and beautiful, and its singing is crisp and loud, which makes people feel happy. This passage summarizes the three appearance characteristics of magpies as a whole.

2. Pay attention to the activities of animals. In sports training, we should not only know animals from their appearance, but also need people to observe and understand animals from their activities, so as to fully understand and describe animals. To observe and understand the activities of animals, we must first master the general laws of animal activities and some special dynamics. For example, sea cucumber crawls by muscle contraction, while squid and octopus move forward by the reverse thrust of water, which is the characteristic of sea cucumber, squid and octopus in action. When two cows fight, they always fight with two horns; When two chickens fight, they always peck at each other with their mouths, which is the characteristic of the fight between cows and chickens. In short, no matter what kind of animal, it has its own activity characteristics. As long as we carefully observe the activity characteristics of various animals, we can write them easily.

3, pay attention to find the habits of animals in observation, grasp the characteristics of animal habits to write. I want to say, "chickens eat grains, cows eat grass, and pigs eat chaff, and each takes what he needs." This is their food preference; "Kingfishers fly on the water, geese line up, bats come out at dusk and roosters crow at dawn." This is the law of their activities. In summer, dogs stick out their tongues to cool off. In winter, snakes and frogs hibernate underground. This is the instinct of dogs, snakes and frogs to adapt to the climate. You can observe the living habits of various animals from these aspects and write them down in a certain order.

2. How to describe an object

Artifacts generally refer to daily necessities, stationery, toys, handicrafts and so on. How to write utensils? Writing instruments should start from three aspects: describing the shape, describing the spirit and discussing things.

First, copy. Description is to explain the size, shape, texture, structure, color and other characteristics of an item. It is best to describe the artifact first, then divide it and then summarize it; For example, when writing a pencil case, you can first write the texture, shape and size of the pencil case; Then, the characteristics of the main components of the pencil case are expounded, and the pattern of the box cover, the structural characteristics and functions of the middle layer of the box body and the structure and functions of the box bottom are introduced. Finally, the discussion is summarized. In this way, by means of "total-sub-total", the utensils can be written clearly and concretely in a certain order.

Second, chasing god. It is to accurately and vividly describe the expression of an object. For example, a classmate wrote in "A Pair of Little Porcelain Goose": "The little porcelain goose has a protruding red envelope on its head, as if wearing a little red riding hood. Its eyes are black and bright, and it is very magical. Its feathers are all white, like a layer of Bo Xue covering the body. " The author not only wrote the characteristics and colors of the shape (head, eyes and feathers) of the small porcelain goose, but also began to associate it with "wearing little red riding hood" and a layer of Bo Xue, which highlighted the beauty of the small porcelain goose. At the same time, the little author vividly described the small porcelain goose with vivid rhetoric, which left a deep impression on people.

Third, discuss things. It refers to discussing or explaining the use and significance of the utensils themselves, and can also express feelings about the utensils. For example, when a classmate wrote "liquefied gas stove", he first explained the appearance characteristics of liquefied gas stove, and then wrote: "People use liquefied gas stove to cook, which saves time and effort and is very convenient. Therefore, everyone likes liquefied gas stoves. " This text explains the function of liquefied gas stove, which is really pleasing.

3. Explain physics

First, writing guidance.

Everything has its own characteristics. Characteristic is the symbol that distinguishes this thing from other things, and it is also the basis for people to know different things. Things are different from other things in form, structure, change, reason and function, because they have their own characteristics in this respect. Even if it is the same thing, structurally speaking, this part is different from that part; As far as change is concerned, this stage is different from that stage; Functionally, this one is different from that one. Why is there such a difference? The reason is that they have their own characteristics. Therefore, only by grasping the characteristics of things can readers have a concrete, clear and accurate understanding of the things explained.

To explain a thing, we should not only explain its superficial characteristics, but also explain its essential characteristics. Understanding the superficial characteristics of things can only give readers a preliminary impression of things; Only by accurately explaining the essential characteristics of things can readers have a more complete and profound understanding of things.

So, how to grasp the characteristics of things? To explain things, we must first understand things, and the basic way to understand things is to observe them on the spot, not only to find out what things look like, but also to find out the relationship between the objects to be explained. Only in this way can we accurately and quickly grasp the characteristics of things.

Explain that things have a reasonable order, and the article can be clear and easy to understand. What kind of order is reasonable? This should be determined according to the process of people understanding things and the law of explaining the object itself. Generally speaking, articles explaining the causes and methods of things often write down the emergence, development and changes of things or work steps in chronological order. Explain the shape and structure of things, generally written by spatial order. Some explanatory texts are classified and can be explained in the order of each category.

It should be pointed out that most explanatory texts are not only used in a single interpretation order, but in multiple interpretation orders. Therefore, when writing, we should arrange the explanation order reasonably.

First of all, we should arrange the layout order of the full text.

Second, we should arrange the order of explaining the topics.

Thirdly, we should arrange the order in the paragraphs.

Explanatory writing is not about emotional people, but about objective things, pursuing scientific truth. You can't draw a snake, but you can't draw a tiger as a dog. What is the object of explanation, we must tell it truthfully. Accuracy is the basic feature of explanatory language.

Accurate interpretation of language involves all aspects of wording and sentence making. Generally speaking, we should first pay attention to the accuracy of words, otherwise, the essence of things will be distorted. In addition, we should pay attention to the necessary restrictions, especially in terms of time, space, scope, conditions and quantity.

Generally speaking, we should pay attention to three points:

First, the choice of interpretation methods depends on whether it helps to achieve the purpose of interpretation.

Second, it helps to strengthen the interest of the article.

Third, the comprehensive application of interpretation methods should be focused.

Multiple interpretation methods are often integrated or even staggered in the same interpretation. In this way, the comprehensive use of explanation methods, while focusing on explanation, can more vividly express the characteristics of things and give people a clear impression.

Composition example

Our classroom

At the foot of Fei 'e Mountain, facing the Yangtze River, stands a two-story building with red bricks, green tiles and green railings, which is particularly majestic under the sunshine. The teaching building looks like a factory, and the first room on the first floor of the factory is our classroom.

The classroom is rectangular, east-west, sunny and bright. 24 sets of neatly arranged new tables and chairs, polished windows and painted walls give people a fresh and pleasant feeling.

As soon as I entered the classroom, a portrait of Chairman Mao was posted on the front wall, and eight bright red characters "Study hard and make progress every day" were written on both sides. When we sit in the classroom and look up at the kind face of the leader, we are full of strength, and the kind teaching seems to echo in our ears, inspiring us to conquer the fortress of science and become revolutionary successors with all-round development in morality, intelligence and physique. In the middle is a 3-meter-long, 1 meter-wide blackboard, and on the right is the new Student Code formulated by the school, urging us to observe discipline, study hard and be good boys in the new China.

On the left wall are two posters of Young Pioneers: "Protect Autumn" and "Protect the Collective". It educates us to cultivate the excellent quality of caring for the collective and the interests of the collective from an early age, and to cultivate ourselves into good students who are dedicated to the public. There is a slogan between the two paintings, which reads "What is shame" in black and white, and strongly criticizes the "revolutionary action" popular among teenagers when the Gang of Four was rampant.

In the middle of the right wall, there is also a slogan "What is glory" written according to the instructions of Vice Chairman Deng. It is written in red and white, opposite to the slogan on the left wall. What is Glory tells the truth of our teenagers and tells us what new fashion we should build. There are two pictures on both sides of this slogan, one is "respecting teachers and emphasizing education" and the other is "studying hard to realize the four modernizations". The students in the picture are role models for us to learn. They respect teachers, love science and have lofty goals. Whenever we don't pay attention to the class and salute the teacher incorrectly, when we see these two pictures, we will immediately correct our shortcomings.

On the left of the back wall is a map of the world, and on the right is a map of People's Republic of China (PRC), which inspires us to cherish our motherland, look at the world and set up the lofty ideal of realizing capitalism for all mankind.

We love our classroom, and we clean it with hardworking hands every day to keep it clean and beautiful. Who doesn't feel warm when studying in such an environment? Walking into the classroom, we seem to be in the battlefield of conquering the fortress of culture and science.

Teacher's comments

"Our Classroom", the full text layout order is "total-sub-total". The beginning part is a general introduction, which describes the location of our classroom. The middle part is the main part of the explanation, which specifically introduces the layout of the classroom. There is a general Liang at the end, praising "our classroom". Explain that the subjects are introduced in the order of orientation. Write the layout of the front wall of the classroom first, then write the layout of the "left wall" and "right wall", and then write the layout of the back wall of the classroom.