Methods to save electricity The significance of saving electricity

Methods to save electricity The significance of saving electricity

Basic introduction to electricity:

Electricity is a secondary energy that can be easily distributed and used. For thermal power plants, an important indicator for assessing their economic efficiency is the standard coal consumption for power generation. Its unit is grams/kilowatt hour, that is, how many grams of standard coal are consumed to generate 1 kilowatt hour of electricity. The so-called standard coal refers to converting different coal types from various places into standard coal with a combustion value of 7,000 kcal/kW for the convenience of comparison.

Due to the improvement of the automation management level of power plants and the widespread use of high-efficiency large-scale units, the standard coal consumption of thermal power plants has been reduced. For the power grid, an important indicator to assess its economic efficiency is the standard coal consumption of power supply, that is, how many grams of standard coal are consumed to supply 1 kilowatt hour of electricity.

In recent years, the transformation of urban power grids and rural power grids has made the composition of power grids in various regions more reasonable, which has reduced coal consumption in power supply. If the factor of reduced coal consumption in power generation is deducted, the reduction in coal consumption due to the improvement of power supply network , which is obviously beneficial to reducing the power supply burden on users.

The development of electricity production requires the state to invest more funds. In the long term, thermal power will still account for a relatively large proportion in our country. The expansion of electricity production means that more coal and oil will be consumed. , natural gas and other limited resources, and bring corresponding environmental protection issues. As a major country with economic development, we must adhere to the energy policy of equal emphasis on development and conservation, and must give priority to energy conservation. There are many methods and channels to save electricity, such as scientific management; transforming old equipment; using energy-saving equipment (including energy-saving lamps, variable frequency speed control equipment, low-loss motors, transformer equipment, etc.); promoting energy-saving technological transformation measures, etc. However, the most important thing is to carry out reasonable and mass power-saving activities so that everyone can establish "power-saving awareness".

"Energy-saving awareness" should start from scratch, starting from cherishing every kilowatt hour of electricity and saving every kilowatt hour of electricity.

Everyone should not underestimate the role of this kilowatt hour of electricity. "One kilowatt hour" seems to be the smallest unit of electricity measurement. However, the economic value generated by "one kilowatt hour of electricity" cannot be ignored. In addition to saving about 400 grams of coal resources brought by 1 kilowatt hour of electricity, 1 kilowatt hour of electricity can also bring the following social and economic value

Methods of saving electricity:

1. Reasonable Purchasing equipment

1. The indoor layout of lighting equipment should be reasonable, choose energy-saving light sources with high luminous efficiency, and use energy-saving lamps.

2. For household appliances such as refrigerators, washing machines, rice cookers, etc., appropriate refrigeration and washing equipment should be selected based on the family population and actual needs. Do not be overly demanding.

3. When purchasing household appliances, try to choose energy-efficient electrical products. Energy-saving appliances can be determined by looking at the energy-saving label.

2. Attention should be paid to use and management

1. Lights, fans, televisions, air conditioners, etc. in each room of the home must be turned off in time when no one is around.

2. Household appliances should not be in standby mode. Computer monitors, televisions, microwave ovens, etc. consume a lot of power in standby mode.

3. The air conditioning temperature should be set reasonably.

3. Power Saving Methods

TV

(1) Reasonably adjust the brightness and volume of the TV. The higher the brightness and the louder the volume, the more expensive it will be. electricity.

(2) Do not turn the TV on and off frequently.

(3) If the power supply voltage changes too much, it is best to use a voltage regulator.

Electric rice cooker

(1) To make full use of the residual heat of the electric rice cooker, if you are using the electric rice cooker to cook, you can turn off the power for 7-8 minutes after the pot boils. Power on again.

(2) When choosing a rice cooker, its power should be determined based on the number of family members and economic conditions.

(3) Cover the pot with a towel to reduce heat loss.

(4) After using the rice cooker, be sure to unplug the power plug. If not, it will enter the heat preservation state, which wastes electricity and reduces the service life.

(5) There are stains on the surface of the electric heating plate and the bottom of the inner pot. They should be wiped clean or lightly polished with oil sand to avoid affecting the sensing efficiency and wasting electric energy.

Refrigerator

The refrigerator should be placed in a place with the lowest indoor temperature, good air circulation, and no direct sunlight. Open the door less often; when storing food, wait until the food cools to room temperature before storing it in the refrigerator; defrost in time, and keep the condenser and freezer clean to facilitate heat dissipation:

(1) Number of door openings As little and as short as possible. If the door opens for half a minute to one minute each time, the compressor will work for five seconds when the temperature in the box returns to its original state, consuming 0.008KWH.

(2) The temperature inside the box should be adjusted appropriately. In midsummer, setting the temperature of the cold room of a refrigerator at 5°C consumes more than ten kilowatt hours more electricity per month than setting it at 8°C, and the freshness preservation effect is poor.

(3) The stored food should not be overfilled. There should be a gap of more than 10 mm between the food and the box wall to facilitate the convection of cold air in the box, make the temperature in the box uniform and stable, and reduce power consumption.

(4) Hot food should be cooled to room temperature and then placed in the refrigerator to reduce electricity consumption and unnecessary water.

Method 2:

1. Electric water heater

Try to control the temperature as moderately as possible. It can be higher in winter and lower in summer. This saves power. In summer, adjusting it to 42 degrees is enough for bathing (maybe it can be lower?). In winter, the temperature is around 52 degrees. If there are more guests, the temperature will be adjusted higher.

2. Electric mosquito coil

Remember to turn off the power switch of the electric mosquito coil in the morning. If it is powered on for a long time, it may not waste a lot of electricity, but if it is plugged in day and night, the life of the electric mosquito coil will be reduced by at least half. It's supposed to last three years, but yours may need to be replaced in a year and a half.

4. Washing machine

The washing machine in your home is actually a large consumer of electricity. Second only to air conditioning. Summer clothes are not very dirty, so try to wash them by hand. Moreover, summer clothes are relatively thin. If they are divided into outerwear, underwear, and silk, just a few pieces of clothing will have to be washed in the washing machine three times. It is not as clean as hand washing, and you can also play with water in the bathroom for a while. It is estimated that it is only half the price. You can wash the day's clothes in just an hour, which not only saves electricity but also saves water.

5. Electric lights

Turn off the lights at will, do not buy large chandeliers with more than a dozen lamp heads that are rarely used, and do not stay up late.

If you can work at sunrise and turn off your lights at sunset like the ancients did, it is estimated that you can really save a lot of electricity, and your health will be better, and it will be more in line with the laws of nature. If this is done, it will save more power.

6. Electric water heater

The temperature should be controlled as moderately as possible. It can be higher in winter and lower in summer. This saves power. In summer, I adjust it to 42 degrees which is enough for bathing (maybe it can be lower?). In winter, the temperature is around 52 degrees. If there are more guests, the temperature will be adjusted higher.

7. Electric mosquito coils

Remember to turn off the power switch of the electric mosquito coils in the morning. If it is powered on for a long time, it may not waste a lot of electricity, but if it is plugged in day and night, the life of the electric mosquito coil will be reduced by at least half. It's supposed to last three years, but yours may need to be replaced in a year and a half.

8. Computer

Turn off the computer when not in use. Or at least turn off the monitor. If you have enough money, buy an LCD one, which can save a lot of electricity.

9. Washing machine

The washing machine in your home is actually a large consumer of electricity. Second only to air conditioning.

After installing a new electricity meter this year, I recorded it and I was surprised by the amount of electricity consumed by the washing machine.

Summer clothes are not very dirty, so I try to wash them by hand. Moreover, summer clothes are relatively thin. If they are divided into outerwear, underwear, and silk, just a few pieces of clothing will have to be washed in the washing machine three times. It is not as clean as hand washing, and you can also play with water in the bathroom for a while. It is estimated that it is only half the price. You can wash the day's clothes in just an hour, which not only saves electricity but also saves water.

10. Electric lights

It has always been said that energy-saving lamps can save more electricity. But I can't do this. Because I always feel that the energy-saving lamps currently on the market are expensive, and their lifespan is simply not as many times as long as incandescent lamps as they boast. Maybe it is also a quality issue.

Personally, I can only turn off the lights at will, do not buy a large chandelier with more than a dozen lamp heads that I rarely use, and do not stay up late.

If we could work at sunrise and turn off the lights at sunset, as the ancients did, we would be able to save a lot of electricity, and our health would be better, which would be more in line with the laws of nature. It would be more laborious to do this.

The significance of saving electricity:

To solve energy problems, we must adhere to the policy of equal emphasis on development and conservation for a long time, and put energy conservation in an important position. Electric energy is an extremely valuable secondary energy, and saving electricity is an important part of energy conservation. Saving electricity means continuously improving the technical level of electric energy utilization, not wasting electric energy in vain, and making every kilowatt hour of electricity play its maximum role. The significance of saving electricity is:

(1) Saving electric energy, that is, saving the primary energy required for power generation, thereby saving energy across the country and reducing the intensity of energy and transportation;

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(2) Saving electric energy means correspondingly saving the state’s infrastructure investment in power generation, supply and consumption equipment;

(3) Saving electric energy must rely on science and technology With the continuous adoption of new technologies, new materials, new processes, and new equipment, saving electricity will definitely promote the development and improvement of industrial and agricultural production levels;

(4) To save electric energy, we must Only by strengthening the scientific management of electricity consumption can we improve business management and improve the management level of enterprises;

(5) Saving electric energy can reduce unnecessary electric energy losses, reduce electricity bills and costs for enterprises, Improve economic benefits, so that limited power can exert greater social and economic benefits, improve power utilization, and make better use of power resources;

Summary conclusion:

Due to the social The continuous progress of science and technology has greatly stimulated human needs and desires. Therefore, humans continue to extract the fresh water, minerals and other natural resources they need from nature to meet their growing material needs. After thousands of years of development, human society has created rich material civilization and spiritual civilization, but at the same time it has also destroyed the ecological environment to some extent. Nowadays, climate warming and scarcity of fresh water resources have become familiar. Governments of various countries and world organizations have increasingly put it on their agenda, and the call for environmental protection and sustainable development has become increasingly clear and imprinted in everyone's heart. Through the study of "Introduction to Public Policy" and some of my own understanding of resource conservation, I combined the theoretical knowledge learned into practice, and took resource conservation as the object of investigation and research, and conducted a relatively comprehensive I want to learn more and make more scientific and effective contributions to resource protection in this way.

In the process of sustainable development, contradictions or conflicts will occur among the economic, social, environmental and resource systems, and they cannot spontaneously achieve mutual coordination. Therefore, the government, as a social manager, must implement a series of effective policies and adjust the activities of each system to meet the overall goal of sustainable development. Generally speaking, the means that the government can take mainly include administrative control and market mechanisms (or economic means). Judging from the theory and practice of environmental protection in various countries around the world, government fiscal policy is undoubtedly an important measure to utilize market mechanisms. The effective implementation of fiscal policies is conducive to promoting resource and environmental protection and promoting sustainable economic and social development.

1. Research status of domestic and foreign resources and fiscal policies

Resource and fiscal policies refer to the state’s efforts to protect the ecological environment and natural resources, provide environmental services to society and the public, and ensure the national Government revenue and expenditure policies and measures related to environmental safety. A complete resource and environmental protection fiscal system framework includes the environment and resource tax system, the pollutant discharge charging system, the environmental protection government budget expenditure system, the pricing mechanism for environmentally related public goods, the environmental capital market management system, and various government Environmental Fund Management Measures, etc.

With the concept of sustainable development being proposed and receiving widespread attention from the international community, how to use financial, financial and other economic tools to achieve the sustainable utilization of natural resources and environmental protection has aroused widespread concern in the economic community. Therefore, since the 1960s, a research boom in fiscal policies for resources and environmental protection has gradually formed, and many achievements have been achieved. In the theoretical system of Western economics, welfare economics and environmental economics are theoretical tools for studying fiscal policies for resources and environmental protection.

The Coase theorem proposed by welfare economist Coase is considered to be the theoretical basis for research on fiscal policies for resources and environmental protection. Focusing on major environmental issues such as controlling global warming and reducing pollution emissions, foreign economic circles have conducted a large number of studies on the general equilibrium theory and empirical analysis of fiscal policies for resource and environmental protection, including environmental taxes. Issues such as the design and implementation of environmental taxes, the international significance of environmental taxes, the distribution effects of environmental finance and the use of revenue. In particular, member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) have gained rich practical experience in using fiscal policies to protect resources and the environment, providing guidance for the implementation of environmental protection fiscal policies in various countries around the world. my country's economic circles have always paid close attention to the fiscal policy of resources and environmental protection. The research ideas are basically divided into: First, analyze the shortcomings of my country's current fiscal policy of resources and environmental protection and put forward corresponding policy suggestions. The second is to introduce and learn from the experience of foreign resource and environmental protection fiscal policies, and propose measures to improve my country's resource and environmental protection fiscal policies. The third is to deepen the resource and environmental protection fiscal policy into the construction of the environmental finance system, that is, it is no longer limited to the shallow level of resource and environmental protection fiscal policy, but proposes to use environmental finance as a breakthrough in building a public finance system. And discuss the functions, target models and specific measures of building an environmental finance system of environmental finance. The fourth is to define the concept of environmental taxation from the perspective of environmental fiscal revenue and environmental taxation, examine foreign environmental tax policies, especially the successful practices of OECD countries, and explore ideas for building an environmental tax system in our country. In general, domestic research is mostly carried out from the policy level, focusing on qualitative analysis, with prominent normative research, while empirical research on resource and environmental protection fiscal policies is relatively weak. Based on this, this article will use empirical methods to analyze the impact of my country's fiscal policy on resource and environmental protection, evaluate the incentive effect of fiscal policy on resource and environmental protection, and provide a basis for the government to formulate more efficient and reasonable fiscal policies for resource and environmental protection. .

2. Current status of resource conservation and taxation policies

Over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, my country’s economic development has made remarkable achievements. But China's economic growth

comes at the expense of the environment and excessive consumption of energy and resources. Energy resource conservation and environmental protection have become inevitable choices for sustainable economic development and building a harmonious society. In recent years, our country has attached great importance to energy conservation and emission reduction. The "Eleventh Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China" proposes to reduce energy consumption per unit of GDP by 20% during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period. %, and the binding target of reducing the total discharge of major pollutants by 10%. The State Council issued the Comprehensive Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction, and the report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China also put forward new requirements for building an ecological civilization and a resource-saving and environment-friendly society. Therefore, experts and scholars have conducted some useful research on the guiding ideology and basic principles that must be adhered to in fully utilizing taxation to support energy resource conservation and environmental protection, policy ideas for implementing comprehensive energy conservation and emission reduction plans, and the basic concept of my country's environmental tax system. , these studies provide a theoretical basis and general ideas for further exploring this issue. However, there is still a lot of room for research in selecting tax policies that promote energy resource conservation and environmental protection that are in line with my country's national conditions, improving the current tax system, and designing new taxes to be levied at the institutional level.

3. Analysis of the current situation of resource conservation in my country

The development of urbanization and industrialization in my country has not only brought about rapid economic growth, but also created a series of problems.

From the growth trajectories of some cities (especially cities with rapid economic development), we can see that my country’s economic growth is taking a gray road, which is largely based on excessive consumption of resources and sacrificing the environment. At the cost, the severe situation facing land resources reminds us that we have to face up to the problems of resources and environment.

Our country’s natural resources can be said to be “vast and abundant” in absolute terms, but the per capita possession is relatively poor. While resources are in short supply, resource utilization in many areas of our country suffers from low efficiency and high waste: energy consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP is twice the world average and 10 times that of developed countries; The oil consumption per unit output value is 4.3 times that of Japan, 4.03 times that of France, and 3.7 times that of Germany; the water consumption per unit output value is 8 to 10 times that of developed countries.

With the development of heavy industry, energy consumption will continue to increase. On the one hand, there are few resources per capita; on the other hand, resource utilization is low, causing serious damage and waste. Facing the growing economic and social demand for resources, China faces a very severe resource situation.

From the perspective of macro-control, relying solely on fiscal policy and monetary policy can no longer play a sufficient regulatory role in economic and social development, especially in resource conservation and environmental protection. In the field of protection, there is even a lack of effective control methods. Practice since the reform and opening up has proved that effective regulation of the land market can promote economic growth; but once the land supply is out of control, problems will inevitably arise in economic development. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the control of resources and environment from the perspective of land management.

Saving resources can be the goal that our ancestors have worked hard for and the topic that we have studied together for generations. We have a heavy responsibility

Power saving slogan:

1. Energy saving, the way to the continuation of life!

2. Saving electricity is everyone’s responsibility!

3. Electricity is the source of life. We cannot live without it Please use electricity sparingly.

4. A gentleman must be restrained and use electricity wisely.

5. To save electricity, everyone starts, join hands and save together!

6. To save electricity, it starts from small things, starting from us Let’s start now!

7. Turning off the lights is a small step and a big step in saving energy.

8. There is no secret to saving electricity. Turning off the lights is the first priority.

9. It is easy to turn off the lights at will, which saves electricity.

10. If you want air conditioning to consume less power, set the temperature appropriately.

1. Use energy-saving lamps. Under the same brightness, energy-saving lamps save 80% of electricity than incandescent lamps.

2. Do not leave home appliances on standby. When the power switch of household appliances such as TVs and air conditioners is not turned off, their internal infrared receiving remote control circuits are often in standby mode and are still consuming power.

3. Reduce the number of times the refrigerator door is opened, and hot food can be cooled before being placed in the refrigerator to save energy.

4. Cover the rice cooker with a towel to reduce heat loss.

5. Clean the scale on the electric heating tube in the electric kettle in time to save energy.

6. When ironing clothes with an electric iron, iron clothes with lower temperature resistance in the initial stage of powering on. After the temperature rises, iron clothes with higher temperature resistance. After the power is turned off, iron some clothes with lower temperature resistance

2. Attention should be paid to use and management

1. The lighting, fans, televisions, air conditioners, etc. in each room of the home should be Turn it off immediately when no one is around.

2. Household appliances should not be in standby mode. Computer monitors, televisions, microwave ovens, etc. consume a lot of power in standby mode.

3. The air conditioning temperature should be set reasonably.