Agricultural Economy in Xianzong Town

Planting

Planting is the industry that Xianzu Town depends on for its survival. At the end of 196s, a large area of rice retting field was planted. In the late 197s, the retting field was changed to expand double-cropping rice. Do everything possible to expand the multiple cropping index, and the area of retting paddy field is decreasing year by year. From the early 198 s to the mid-199 s, the area of early rice and double late rice was 1%. From the mid-199s to 24, the planting structure gradually became reasonable, and the proportion of grain and cash crops reached a coordinated development. By the end of 25, 29,6 mu of hybrid mid-season rice and 17,4 mu of cotton were planted in Xianzong Town (including Yaomiao and Heliu towns).

Adjustment of planting structure

In the early 197s, 3, mu of retting paddy fields in Xianzong town (including the original towns of Xianzong, Yaomiao and Heliu) were basically changed into wheat and rice double cropping fields.

since p>1988, new agricultural technologies have been popularized in an all-round way, new crop varieties have been introduced, expanded and popularized, and the proportion of grain crops and cash crops has been constantly adjusted. Popularize the high-yield supporting technology of dry cultivation and sparse planting of rice, "two cultivation and two planting" of cotton and rape, and the cultivation technology of plastic film corn.

By the end of 199s, the planting mode of one rice and one oil in Xianzu Town was fully rolled out, which increased agricultural production and farmers' income, and achieved the goal of improving soil. By 25, the whole town has planted 29,6 mu of high-quality rice, 17,4 mu of cotton and 5, mu of other cash crops, and the planting ratio of grain crops to cash crops is 1.32:1.

Application of agricultural machinery

In p>1988, farmers experienced the recuperation after the household contract responsibility system, and the economy was still relatively difficult. There were few pumps for irrigation and drainage machinery, and wooden plows, harrows and water wheels were used. A villager group (production team) only had one or two hand-operated sprayers and one or two foot threshers. Fertilizer and straw are transported by shoulders.

since the 199s, there has been an unprecedented good momentum in the popularization and use of agricultural machinery. In addition to the 16 electric power stations built in the 197s and 198s, by the end of 25, 16,121 households in the town had 12,138 large and small pumps and 3,1 cultivators, the land was ploughed and the transportation was basically mechanized, and all farmers had agricultural sprayers. Rice harvesting bid farewell to the history of "the face is facing the loess and the back is facing the sky". Every year, the whole town organizes 1-15 harvesters to grab the harvest during the mid-season rice harvest, and the harvest of nearly 3, mu of mid-season rice ends in 1-15 days. Except for a few villages in mountainous areas, agricultural products and fertilizers are transported by agricultural machinery.

By the end of 25, the utilization rate of drainage and irrigation machinery in Xianzong Town was 1%; The action rate of ploughing machinery is 82%; The utilization rate of plant protection machinery is 1%; The utilization rate of harvesting machines and tools is 85%; The utilization rate of agricultural products processing machinery is 1%; The utilization rate of fertilizer transport machinery is 95%.

wide spread of new agricultural varieties

Before the mid-197s, early rice was "five hot" and "six hot", middle rice was old indica rice, cotton was small seed cotton, rape was cabbage type, peanut was paralyzed seedling, sweet potato was small red skin, and dry miscellaneous grains were also traditional old varieties. The yield of crops is low, and it is a good year. The yield per mu of mid-season rice is only eight or nine hundred kilograms, that of rapeseed is about 2 kilograms, and that of seed cotton is two or three hundred kilograms.

In p>1977, Shanyou series, a hybrid rice, was introduced, including excellent varieties of cotton "Xumian 553", "Simian 2" and peanut "Haihua No.1". After 1988, the agricultural department gradually eliminated Shanyou series hybrid rice varieties with high yield and poor quality, and promoted the introduction of Xieyou, Teyou and Liangyou series hybrid rice varieties with high yield and good quality; Popularize "Qinyou No.2" variety.

after p>1995, the Chinese hybrid rapeseed series: Zhongyouza No.2, Rongyou No.8, Wanyou No.9, Mianyou No.11 and No.12 were popularized, and the hybrid rapeseed variety "Qinyou No.2" used for more than 1 years was gradually phased out. Since the beginning of the 21st century, new varieties of Deyou series have been vigorously promoted. More than 9% of vegetables are provided by the agricultural technology department.

In order to popularize and apply new agricultural technologies and new varieties, the high-yield cultivation techniques of rice, cotton and rape were widely publicized in various forms, such as using radio and wall newspaper, holding special training courses or replacing training with meetings, publishing agricultural publicity materials and establishing demonstration films. Agricultural technology training courses such as "rice cultivation", "rice to cotton", "oil melon rice" and "oil melon bean" mode cultivation, "sugarcane and corn plastic film mulching cultivation", "rape Sclerotinia sclerotiorum control", "straw returning to the field" and "high quality rape cultivation in autumn and winter" were held.

In p>25, farmers in Xianzong Town planted high-quality hybrid rice, high-quality cotton and high-quality rape varieties, more than 9% of farmers practiced dry cultivation and sparse planting, and 1% of cotton and rape seedlings were transplanted.

Demonstration films and production bases

Since the late 198s, Xianzong Town has successively established 1, mu of high-quality rice demonstration bases; Establish a demonstration base for hybrid rape of 1, mu; Established a pollution-free vegetable demonstration base of 1 mu; Establish 5 mu of strawberry demonstration film; Establish 1 mu of cotton seedling transplanting demonstration film; Establish 1 mu of demonstration pieces of hybrid corn; Establish 3 mu and 5 mu high-yield fields for dry breeding and seedling throwing in Japanese sweet potato production base; Establish 5 mu of high-yield demonstration film of high-quality oil and high-quality cotton, three-dimensional breeding base for geese, ducks and fish, and goat breeding base.

In p>1998, 62 mu of dry-raised seedlings with plastic floppy disks were popularized in Shenzhuang Natural Village, Dafan Administrative Village; An 82.7-mu cotton high-yield demonstration film was established in Xiaozhang Village, Zhangtang Administrative Village. By the end of 25, the cotton area of the former Heliu Town (Luoji Township) reached more than 7, mu, which was not available since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Establish four high-quality oil production bases, that is, 25 meters along both sides of Tagu Highway in the original Liuhe Town, with an area of 3, mu; It is 2 meters along Huangliu Village to both sides of Zaian Road, with a length of nearly 6 kilometers and an area of 2, mu. The area along both sides of the highway from Jintang Village to Zhangwa Village and the whole area of Zhangwa Administrative Village is 2 mu; It is 15m long and 5.5km long on both sides of the wangqiao village Highway from Luoji Grain Station to Shaoji Administrative Village, covering an area of 1,8 mu and * * * 8,8 mu. The production base of high-quality rice was established, and the administrative village of Re 'an was established. Establish 25 mu of high-quality red melon production base in the adjacent areas of six administrative villages, such as Zhangtang, Jintang, Luoji, Shaoji, Dafan and Zhangwa, and establish 2 mu of Japanese pumpkin and 5 mu of green bean production base in Gaozhang Administrative Village, which is affiliated to Chaohu Cold Storage; Establish a 3-mu Japanese sweet potato production base with Zhangwa administrative village as the leader; Establish a 6-mu plastic film production base in Dafan administrative village; Establish 3 mu plastic film peanut production base in Zhangwa and Ganghu administrative villages; Establish a 4-mu "oil melon and rice" cultivation and production base in Zhangdu administrative village.

By the end of p>25, Xianzong Town had approved two national production bases of 1, mu of high-quality grain and 1, mu of high-quality cotton.

contract farming (company+farmer)

In p>1999, Heliu Grain Trade Company signed a purchase contract for planting a new rice variety' Lvdao24' with Zaian Administrative Village for the first time. From 2 to 25, Heliu Grain Trade Company and relevant units in other places signed a planting contract of "Liangyou" series of high-yield and high-quality hybrid rice with farmers in the former Heliu town every year, with a total area of 3,-5, mu. Signed a contract with the county seed company for cotton F1 generation seed production of 3 mu. Signed a purchase contract with Chaohu cold storage and Shenxiang Jiayi Food Co., Ltd. for 1813 mu of Japanese sweet potato.

with the increase of migrant workers, land transfer and contiguous planting have formed, and large grain growers have emerged. In 24-25, there were 11 households contracted to grow high-quality rice over 1 mu (customary mu), and 1,435 households contracted to grow rice over 1 mu and cotton over 5 mu.

Forest industry

The mountain farm in Xianzong Town covers an area of 53, mu, which is distributed in 12 administrative villages such as Changshan, Geji, Liuheng, Donghong, Baxiong, Yuhuang, Jianghuai, Jinwa, Luoji, Zhangtang, Shaoji and Ganghu, with an area of 31,56 mu of public welfare forest (including 2,671 mu at the national level and 4,325 mu at the provincial level).

change of forest ownership from the late 195s to the late 197s. Forest rights are basically owned by the brigade and the production team, and some places are owned by the production team. From the second half of 1981 to April 1982, Xianzong Town (formerly known as Xianzong, Luoji and Yaomiao sanxiang town) completed 1,68 forestry three-decisions in 48 forested natural villages in 1 administrative villages according to the national regulations of "fixing mountain rights, fixing forest rights and fixing hilly land", and issued forest ownership certificates and hilly land use certificates. The "three-decisions" forest area was 5,37 mu.

since p>1995, the administrative villages have contracted the right to use some mountain fields. Thirteen major forestry producers in the town contracted more than 3, mu of barren hills, and Shaoji and Ganghu administrative villages leased 62 mu of bare hills to a self-employed person in Quanjiao County, planting more than 11, poplar trees for 2 years.

develop forestry and carry out afforestation activities for the whole people. Afforestation should be carried out with "mountain field, time and quality guaranteed". Mobilize women, youth, school teachers and students, government officials and street residents to create March 8th Forest and Youth Forest. After repeated efforts, the whole town has afforested 3 million mu. By

25, more than 6, trees had been planted beside fields in the town. Every year, on the "March 12th" Arbor Day, officials, teachers, students and street residents volunteer to plant more than 3, trees. After the Yilin mountain field was basically afforested, the measures of closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation were introduced to strengthen forest management. At the same time, 2,72 mu of Yangtze River Shelterbelt has been built

Since 22, the project of returning farmland to forest has been seriously implemented in Xianzong Town. By 25, the area of returning farmland to forest was 16,583 mu, including 2,15 mu of Pinus massoniana, Chinese fir, foreign pine, Italian poplar, Sophora japonica, chestnut, tea and nectarine, and the forest coverage rate was about 29.7%.

in order to strengthen the protection and management of forest trees, the town government set up a forest fire prevention headquarters, formed a fire prevention squad with young cadres and backbone militia, formulated a post responsibility system, and set up a joint defense organization for fire prevention and theft around the forest village and the mountain field, and determined the person in charge. Make full use of radio and slogans, print and distribute publicity materials, widely publicize the forest law and local laws and regulations on forest fire prevention, and raise people's awareness of forest fire prevention. There are 16 kilometers of fire exits in the forest farm, 3 fire observation platforms, 12 wind extinguishers, 15 sets of fire protection suits and 12 extinguishing tools. At the same time, we should do a good job in the prevention and control of Dendrolimus punctatus, pine needle syndrome, Monochamus alternatus and pine wilt.

aquaculture

livestock and poultry mainly raise cattle, pigs, sheep and donkeys.

Cattle breeding is mainly used for ploughing, and if it can't be ploughed, it will be slaughtered. In 1988, 2,753 cattle were raised in the whole town. With the development of agricultural mechanization, the number of cattle raised in 25 was reduced to 1,234.

Since the implementation of the production responsibility system in Xianzong town, pig breeding has experienced two stages of development: from the early 198s to the late 199s, pig breeding in Xianzong town developed rapidly, and almost every farmer kept a pig. Later, due to the increase of migrant workers and rising food prices, many people said, "It is better to work for a month than to work hard for a long time", and the number of pig breeding decreased year by year, until 25.

In the mid-199s, goats maintained a good development trend. With the change of market conditions, many large sheep farmers sold goats and engaged in other industries. In 1988, there were 1988 sheep, and in 25, there were 384 sheep in the town. The local Huai goat is small in size, light in weight and low in meat yield. In 2, Xianzong Town introduced the first generation of hybrid Boer goat, which hybridized with local Huai Mountain.

The donkey is a local breed, with thin body and developed limbs. In the 196s and 197s, it was mainly used as a means of transportation. After the implementation of the agricultural production responsibility system, donkeys were gradually eliminated.

Poultry mainly raises chickens, ducks and geese:

Chicken: Local chicken, small in size, slow in growth and delicious in meat, mainly raised in scattered families. In 1988, 287,516 chickens were raised. After the 199s, some places actively promoted the raising of local chickens in plastic greenhouses, and at the same time introduced Roman laying hens, three yellow broilers and hemp chickens. By 25, there were 483,81 chickens in the town.

Duck: a local duck with fast growth and delicious meat. Later, it was introduced to Kunshan, Jiangsu, cherry and Chaohu. In 1988, 96,664 animals were raised, and in 25, 32,681 animals were raised.

Goose: The local white goose has a long growth period and a light weight. Later, excellent white goose breeds such as Wuwei, Yancheng and Lu 'an were introduced. Although the growth period is long, the weight of a single goose is 3.5-4 kg. In 1988, 66,182 were raised, and in 25, 21,116 were raised (geese and ducks were all affected by the dog avian influenza epidemic in 24).