Please help me write propaganda slogans for Wang Anshi’s reforms, the method of enriching the country...the method of strengthening the army...the method of recruiting soldiers...Thank you

Wang Anshi's Reform refers to a reform launched by minister Wang Anshi during the Northern Song Dynasty to reform the long-standing shortcomings since the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty. Although the new law had good intentions, it failed to deal with the specific implementation issues and the relationship with the opponents. As a result, there were long-term and repeated battles with the opponents, resulting in a situation of being criticized, but some specific measures were still retained.

After the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty, the number of internal government officials continued to expand. During the Jingde reign of Zhenzong (1004-1007), the number of internal and external officials reached more than 10,000. During the Emperor Renzong and Huangyou reign (1049-1053) ) numbered more than 20,000 people, "ten times as much as in the early days of the country", which led to an increase in redundant officials and redundant expenses. The number of ministers in power were "made of velvet and velvet, and they were fighting for small utensils." Conservatism prevailed, and they had to compromise with the powerful landlords. The land Consolidation is becoming increasingly serious. Land annexation forced farmers to join the military, which led to a surge in military numbers. In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, great discounts and privileges were given to military and public personnel, who were exempted from service and taxes. Externally, in the wars against Liao, Xixia and other countries, during the Qingli period of Renzong (1041-1048), the number of troops was 1.259 million, which increased military expenses. "The general's lack of specialized soldiers and unclear military discipline caused the Song army to seriously lack training. They "played in the streets all day long, made artful tricks and paintings as a profession, and their clothes and actions were not like soldiers." It's forbidden for soldiers to pay for their own food and hire others to pay for it." The treasury of the Northern Song Dynasty was empty and the pressure on people's lives became even heavier.

Annual income? Annual expenditure table (unit: two pieces of stone) Annual income and annual expenditure

1021 (the fifth year of Tianxi) 150,850,100 126,775,200

1048 (Qingli Eight years) 103,596,400 89,383,700

1049 (the first year of Huangyou) 126,251,964 126,251,964

1065 (the second year of Zhiping) 116,138,405 131,864,452

The first year of Xining (1068) ), the newly enthroned Song Shenzong asked Wang Anshi: "What should be the priority in governing the country today?" Wang Anshi replied: "Start with choosing techniques." In the second year of Xining, Song Shenzong asked Wang Anshi: "I don't know what you have done. "What should we do first?" Wang Anshi replied: "What is urgent now is to change customs and legislate them. If you want to improve customs, you should cultivate gentlemen and eliminate villains, and the principles of etiquette, justice, integrity and shame should come from gentlemen..." In the second year of Xining, In February (1069), Wang Anshi began to implement the new law and adopt a series of reform measures. Fan Zhen, a Hanlin scholar, believed that the implementation of the "green seedling method" was to make people rich by taking more and taking less. However, "taking less and taking more are just like fifty steps and a hundred steps." In July and August, Fan Chunren wrote to the emperor and publicly criticized An. Shi "destroys wealth and interests" and "Yao and Shun knew the way to bring peace to the people." Cheng Lujiao, the imperial censor, wrote a letter to accuse Wang Anshi of being cunning and deceitful, saying: "If you put all the prime ministers and assistants in place, the world will suffer from it." Once Shenzong of the Song Dynasty and Wen Yanbo were discussing the reform. Shenzong said: "If we change the legal system, we will be very unhappy with the scholar-bureaucrats, but why will it be inconvenient for the people?" Wen Yanbo said: "The purpose of governing the world is with the scholar-bureaucrats, not with the common people. "The next year, Sima Guang wrote three long letters to Wang Anshi - "Letter to (Wang) Jiefu", accusing Wang Anshi of "not entrusting financial interests to three departments and establishing self-governance, but also established three departments of regulations." , "An envoy was appointed to promote Guanghuicang in Changping." "Now that Jiefu is in charge, he has completely changed the old laws of his ancestors. Those who are ahead are those who are behind, those who are above are those who are below, those who are right are those who are left, those who are successful are destroyed, and those who are discarded are taken. The power of the day was exhausted, and the night continued without rest...", "Now that Jiefu is in power, he first establishes the Department of Regulations, talks about financial interests, and orders Xue Xiangxing to transport law to Jiang and Huaihe. Seize the profits of merchants, and send envoys to scatter young crops and money all over the world to collect the interest, which makes people sad. Your sons will not see each other, and your brothers and wives will be separated...", "If you see some small differences, you can give a new order. If Jiefu often gets angry, he may scold or insult him, or he may chase him away without waiting for his words to be finished. The master of the Ming Dynasty tolerates this, but Jiefu refuses to remonstrate, which is not enough to forgive him. !"; listed the shortcomings of implementing the new law such as "intruding on officials", "causing trouble", "expropriating profits", "rejecting advice", and "causing resentment", and asked Wang Anshi to abandon the new law and restore the old system. Wang Anshi wrote "Reply to Sima's Remonstrance" and replied: "If you really blame me for being in office for a long time and being unable to do anything great to anoint the people, then I know that I am guilty. If you say that today, everything should be done." In everything, you just stick to what you have done before, and it is not what someone dares to know.

Later, the two completely broke up. Sima Guang resigned from the emperor and lived in seclusion in Luoyang to concentrate on writing "Zi Zhi Tong Jian".

Yang Shen's "Lead Dan Lu" in the Ming Dynasty did his best to slander Wang Anshi. He was called "the most villainous person in ancient and modern times". The most severe accusation was: "Wang Anshi's reforms ruined the dying Northern Song Dynasty." After entering the Qing Dynasty, Cai Shangxiang wrote an article "A Study of Wang Jinggong's Chronicle" to frame Wang Anshi's accusation. During the reign of the Duke, the country was in full prosperity. With the victory of the Xihe River, the territory expanded thousands of miles, which was unprecedented in the hundred years since the founding of the country. After the southern crossing, the descendants of the sages of Yuanyou, as well as the disciples and former officials of Su Cheng, became angry about the disaster that should be banned. They did not think that attacking Cai Jing was enough, but they blamed Duke Jing for the reason for the defeat. They are all wrong. In fact, Huiqin's disaster was due to Cai Jing. The use of Cai Jing was due to Duke Wen. As for the use of Guishan, it was due to Cai Jing, and the waves were pushing forward, and it had nothing to do with Jing Gong. ".

Liang Qichao's book "China's Six Great Politicians - Wang Jinggong" is a representative work of Wang Anshi and his reform and overturning the case. In historical materials, he made extensive reference to Cai Shangxiang's "Chronicles of Wang Jinggong" and compared Wang Anshi to China. Cromwell said that he was "unparalleled in the world, but he was tainted by the world" and called Wang Anshi "Three generations of people have sought perfection, and only the common people can be worthy of it."

Qingmiao Fahe. The Market Change Law was actually the prototype of a bank in a modern "civilized country", and the Law on Taxation could be said to be "identical to the income tax laws of all civilized countries in the world." In the eighth year of Xining (1075), five years after the implementation of the Farmland Water Conservancy Law, "When Duke Jing came to power, he sent various Changping officials to take charge of farmland and water conservancy. The officials and the people knew how to plant the land. The benefits and disadvantages of the ponds, ponds, dry areas, embankments, weirs and ditches were all self-explanatory. If the actions were effective, they would be rewarded according to the size of the utility. During his subsequent reign, he was always devoted to this industry. According to historical records, from the second year to the ninth year of Xining, 1,793 paddy fields were built in the boundaries of the government and on various roads, accounting for 361,178 hectares of fields. ", "It is not possible to list all the water conservancy projects opened by Jinggong. The biggest ones are called dredging the Yellow River and clearing the Bianhe River. ”

Liang Qichao’s conclusion on the reform was “the most prestigious social revolution in the history of the country and in the history of the world.”

Deng Guangming and Qi Xia both affirmed Wang Anshi’s reform. Wang Zengyu regarded gathering as the Therefore, Wang Anshi's reform was rejected.

It can be seen from the content of various economic reforms that Wang Anshi's new law was very large-scale, among which financial management was the most important. Unfortunately, its implementation was only moderately effective and was criticized by the public. Judging from the situation, the failure of Wang Anshi's reform cannot be entirely attributed to the opposition of the conservatives. His policies and practices are worthy of review in the following five aspects:

(1) The policy failed to prescribe the right medicine. ——Wang Anshi’s reforms only target the superficial aspects, and are far from addressing the core problem—too much expenditure, and too much expenditure is due to redundant officials. But Wang Anshi’s reforms cannot solve the financial problem. The problem of too much expenditure was mainly to increase the revenue of the treasury, which could not solve the financial difficulties. Another example is that the military reform was just a solution to the headache and a sore foot, and did not target the weak branches of the Song Dynasty's military. , the policy of emphasizing literature over military force.

(2) The shortcomings of the policy itself - such as the implementation of the Young Crops Law and the Exemption from Service Law, are far from ideal. If poor households voluntarily ask for official loans, there is still hope. But in fact, the local officials forced the five peasant families to guarantee each other and then distributed a certain amount to each family, called Sanqingmiao. In order to ensure that all the principal and interest would be recovered after the autumn, the local officials targeted the upper-middle-class families rather than the poor and lower-class families. If the households are afraid that the poor households will be unable to repay, how can this benefit the people? However, the Qingmiao Law requires an interest rate of two cents, which is 20%, which is an amount that ordinary people cannot afford.

(3) Sticking to the ancient system - Wang Anshi said that his new laws were all derived from the teachings of the previous kings and Confucius, to silence those who opposed the new laws, such as comparing the Qingmiao Law to the Quanfu of "Zhou Rites"; the exemption law As for the officials of the Zhou Dynasty, the common people in the royal system were able to farm on their behalf; the law of protecting armor was compared to that of the farmers of the previous kings, and the law of market change was different from that of the Han Dynasty. The customs of ancient and modern times were different, and the environment was different. , the new law originated from the ancient system, not everything may be timely and appropriate.

(4) Stubbornness - Wang Anshi was stubborn, and he argued with Shenzong when discussing state affairs. . At the beginning of the reform, Sima Guang wrote to him not to be too ambitious and too confident. Anshi wrote in protest and disagreed. The two were very good friends and respected each other, and they broke up with each other. < /p>