The starting point of educated youth going to the countryside-the vast world is promising as a commune.

"All such intellectuals who can work in the countryside should be willing to go. The countryside is a vast world with great potential. "

In the 1960s, Chairman Mao issued an appeal to the educated youth in China in his instructions to Dalizhuang Township, Jiaxian City, Henan Province. The vast number of young intellectuals, full of revolutionary pride, went to the countryside and frontier areas and embarked on the road of combining with poor peasants and middle peasants. A 27-year educated youth movement in China, which shocked the 20th century, involved180,000 young people and touched the hearts of 10 million people, began. It can be said that this movement, like a hurricane, has rolled out a deep track on the plane of history and will never be erased.

Dalizhuang Township was immediately renamed as "Broad and Promising Commune" and stood at the forefront of the rural movement. Let's take a look at what kind of blueprint this most eye-catching village has planned.

1976165438+10, the book "New Village Construction" published by Henan Provincial Construction Committee recorded the achievements of new village construction and its planning blueprint.

The preface of the book points out, "With the rapid development of agricultural production, scattered villages originally formed on the basis of small-scale peasant economy have not only affected large-scale water control, soil improvement, machine farming and gardening, but also failed to adapt to the development of rural political, economic and cultural life, and the desire of poor middle peasants to build new countryside has become more and more urgent. In ten areas of our province, nine new villages have started pilot construction. Some production teams have made a comprehensive layout of the housing construction in the new village while planning the capital construction of farmland. Building a new countryside is not only related to the improvement of farmers' living conditions and the needs of agricultural production development, but also an ideological revolution to change customs, break the old and establish the new. "

The preface specifically points out that in the construction of new countryside, we should conscientiously implement the party's policies and give full play to the enthusiasm of the collectives and members. The ownership of real estate advocates collective ownership and allows individual ownership. The property right of collective material preparation belongs to the collective, and the property right of member material preparation belongs to the member. If the materials prepared by the collective and the members are the same, the property right claim belongs to the collective and is also allowed to belong to the members. It is necessary to correctly handle the relationship between the state, the collective and the members, adhere to the principle of equal exchange, and do not level off.

As a new village of people's commune, Jia County's Wide World was designed by Zhengzhou Institute of Technology.

Great World is a people's commune, located in the southwest of jia county Chengguan, on the north bank of Ruhe River. At that time, there were 10 natural villages, 9 brigades, 25 production teams, 1004 households, 5 100 people and 7,764 mu of cultivated land. On the basis of formulating the 80-year agricultural development plan, the Party Committee of the commune has determined the construction plan of the commune new village and the trial construction of the members' and educated youth's houses. The first batch of six houses for members and educated youth have been built, and there are three schemes. On the basis of summing up experience, a new member housing scheme was put forward, and more than 20 buildings were built in 1976. The houses in Xincun are collectively funded, invested and distributed, and the property rights are owned by the collective. Adhere to the principle of "less busy farming and more idle farming", combine mass movements with a small number of professional teams, and plan to build a new village 80 years ago.

The construction of the commune new village adheres to the principles of "treating the slope first, then treating the nest" and "grasping the grain first, then building the house". Taking 1974 as an example, the grain yield per mu reached 1300 kg, and the tobacco yield per mu reached 500 kg. Land landscape planning, with stable and high-yield agriculture as the core, combines roads, forests, canals, irrigation, machinery and electricity, and water conservancy, pastoral and forest networks are initially realized. It provides material basis and favorable conditions for members to choose new villages, merge villages and plan layout.

From 1968, the educated youth responded to Chairman Mao's call, and it was necessary for the educated youth to go to the countryside and receive re-education from the poor and middle peasants. More than 500 educated youths from Zhengzhou, Xuchang and other places settled in the commune, accounting for about one-tenth of the population of the whole commune. Therefore, it has become one of the important contents of the new rural planning to follow the organizational form of educated youth entering the queue and creating good conditions for educated youth to study, work and live.

The development of agriculture has promoted the construction of industry. In recent years, the community-run and team-run industries have developed rapidly, and more than ten projects have been built, including machinery factory, synthetic ammonia factory, flour factory, prefabricated component factory and wood processing factory. How to make the industrial layout reasonable and comprehensive, and coordinate with the planning of members' new village, has become an important factor to be considered in commune planning.

In accordance with the principle of adapting measures to local conditions and using local materials, the commune also built a concrete prefabrication factory on the bank of Ruhe River to try out a variety of products by using a large amount of sediment and pebbles brought by Ruhe River during the flood season. In addition, social construction teams were organized and technical force was cultivated, which laid a material foundation for housing construction in the new village.

According to the plan, there were Dalizhuang, Wutang New Village, Xinzhuang New Village, Yangzhuang New Village, Qiuzhuang New Village, Banchang New Village, Kouzhuang New Village and Yangzhaozhuang New Village built at that time. There are various functional facilities in the commune. Hospitals, grain depots, exhibition halls for educated youth, department stores, flour mills, reception stations, daily necessities, middle schools, labor universities, bookstores, primary schools, service buildings, post and telecommunications agricultural machinery, paper mills, educated youth cultural buildings, tobacco leaf purchasing, agricultural machinery stations, concrete component prefabrication plants, ammonia plants and agricultural machinery stations are all included in the planning.