How to grow peppers and feed them?

1. Seed treatment

Zanthoxylum bungeanum has a hard shell, high oil content, impermeability and difficult germination. Must be degreased and stored before sowing. When sowing in autumn, soak the seeds in alkaline water, add 1kg seeds to 0.025kg alkaline surface, add water to soak the seeds, take out the empty seeds, soak them for 2 days, wipe off the seed coat oil, take them out, rinse them with water and sow them. When sowing in spring, various methods can be used for seed treatment, such as layered sand piling, cow dung mixing, horse manure mixing or small pits. Layered sand storage is a conventional method; 6 portions of fresh cow dung and pepper seeds 1 portion were used as top dressing for cow dung, mixed evenly, buried in a pit 30 cm deep in winter, taken out before sowing in the next spring, crushed and sown with cow dung; From mid-March to mid-April, horse manure and water are mixed, pepper seeds and 3 parts of horse manure are selected, exposed in the sun, and then planted; Storage in a small cellar means that the excavated cellar is stored in winter.

2. Seedling selection

Zanthoxylum bungeanum seedlings need plenty of sunshine. Seedlings should be in the leeward, sunny, deep, fertile and well-drained sand. Before planting, carefully prepare the soil, decompose the soil, and make the upper part empty and the lower part solid. Combined with deep ploughing and soil preparation, 4000-5000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 8- 10 kg of urea, 30-40 kg of calcium superphosphate, 50 kg of peat or potassium sulfate 10- 15 kg are applied per mu. The boundary is formed on the basis of fine soil preparation, with a width of 1 to 1.2m and a length of 6 to 10m.

sow seeds

Sowing is divided into spring and autumn. In dry areas in spring, it is best to sow before the soil freezes in autumn. Emerge orderly, earlier than spring sowing 10- 15 days; Spring sowing time is generally around the "vernal equinox". Sow 25 kilograms per mu. Small seedlings can be sown in furrows, with 4 rows per furrow, the row spacing is 20cm, the furrow depth is 5cm, the soil cover is 65438 0 cm, and the yield per mu is 4-6kg. After sowing, cover the seedbed with grass to keep moisture, and peel it by stages after emergence. You can also cultivate seedlings by planting ridges. When planting in autumn, dig a ditch every 24 ~ 27 cm 1 cm with a width of 9 cm. The seeds are evenly scattered in the ditch. After sowing, plant soil on both sides of the ditch. After the spring, check the seed germination in time. If you see cracks in the seeds, scrape off part of the covering soil and leave 2~3 cm. After 5-7 days, most of the seed cracks are scraped off, and then part of the covering soil is scraped off to keep the thickness of the covering soil around 1cm. In this way, the seedlings will grow out soon. For example, if you sow in spring, you can dig out the seedlings four to five days after sowing, and you can prepare the seedlings in about 10 day. This rule applies to early spring areas.

4. Seedling management

Autumn pepper seedlings are unearthed longer than spring sowing. Therefore, in arid areas or places with heavy seedbed soil, plastic film or wheat straw can be used to cover after sowing. Water can be sprayed during drought, but it can't be flooded. Keep the seedbed forever. The soil is wet. When the seedlings grow to 3-4 cm high and have 3-4 true leaves, the seedlings become thinner. When the seedling height is 10 cm, the seedlings should be fixed at a spacing of about 5 cm, and 20,000-30,000 seedlings should be left per mu. At the same time, timely drainage, irrigation, topdressing, loosening soil, improving soil permeability, clearing weeds in seedbed, controlling pests and diseases, and ensuring the healthy growth of pepper seedlings.