Cultivation techniques of jatropha curcas

Jatropha curcas is a neutral shade tree species, which likes light, young trees are more tolerant to semi-shade, like mild and humid climate, and are more cold-resistant and drought-tolerant. They are not strict with the soil, but they grow well in the deep, fertile and humid sandy loam.

Jatropha curcas is basically raised by sowing. First, collect seeds. Female plants with the age of 15 to 30 years were selected as seed collecting mother trees. The fruit can be harvested when it turns deep red. When picking seeds, cut off the ear, stroke off the berries, and pile them indoors for 1 to 2 days. When they are completely soft and mature, wash them in water to remove impurities such as fruit skin and pulp. When cleaning seeds, use fine-hole containers to avoid seed leakage. After cleaning, soak the seeds in fresh plant ash water for 0 to 2 hours, wipe off the wax on the outer layer of the seeds, and air dry. Wet sand storage or dry storage in bags. The 1000-grain weight is about 2.3 grams.

The second is land preparation. At the beginning of March, soil preparation began, requiring intensive cultivation, not less than two plows and two rakes. Make a nursery with broken and flat clods. Open the ditch system to ensure smooth drainage and irrigation. Per mu, decomposed fertilizer cake fertilizer150kg is used as base fertilizer, ferrous sulfate10kg and 90% crystal trichlorfon 3kg are used for soil disinfection and killing soil pests. It is best to make a bed in the north-south direction, with a bed height of 25 cm and a bed surface of1.2m; The middle is slightly higher than the sides.

Third, sows. It can be completed in 15 days after soil preparation. Seeds stored in wet sand can be sown directly after being taken out. Seeds stored in dry bags should be soaked in warm water at about 40℃ for 24 hours, then filtered and sown. Because the seeds of Jatropha curcas are very small, when sowing, the seeds should be mixed with fine soil before sowing. Sowing is generally done by drilling, the row spacing is about 30 cm, the depth of sowing ditch is 3 cm, and fine sand 1.5-2 cm is covered, and then straw is covered. The sowing amount is 1 to 1.5 kg per mu. Fourth, seedling management. The seeds germinate and emerge about 20 days after sowing. At this time, the bed surface should be kept moist. If it is sunny continuously, the bed surface is dry and hardened, which is not conducive to seed germination and emergence. Water should be sprayed in time. Wood is soft and can be used in buildings, furniture, appliances, etc.

Known as the oil depot on the tree, 20 1 1 has been successfully used as aircraft fuel, with wide application value, and the national bioenergy development prospect is huge.

After professional testing, the oil content of Jatropha curcas pulp is 43.6%, the oil content of seeds is 22.4%~25.9%, the average oil content is 36.3%, and the linoleic acid content in oil is as high as 58%-8 1%. It can be seen that the nutritional value of oil in Jatropha curcas is greater than that of most high-end woody edible oils. Value and efficacy of jatropha curcas edible oil;

1, enhance human antioxidant capacity and immunity, promote growth and development, and regulate blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Prevent atherosclerosis, promote the oxidative decomposition of fat, promote the synthesis of protein, and comprehensively regulate the human body.

2. Linoleic acid has the health care functions of lowering blood fat, softening blood vessels, lowering blood pressure and promoting microcirculation. It can prevent or reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, especially the prevention and treatment of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, angina pectoris, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis and senile obesity. It can prevent human serum cholesterol from depositing on the blood vessel wall, and has the reputation of "blood vessel scavenger".

3, anti-aging, anti-cancer and improving lipid metabolism. Effectively reduce wrinkles and maintain youthful appearance.

4, reduce the oxygen consumption of cells, make people more durable, and help reduce leg cramps and stiff hands and feet.

Multi-purpose can be manifested in the following aspects:

1. refined woody edible oil

2. Purify-linoleic acid

3. Manufacturing-Biodiesel

4. Production-organic fertilizer

5. Processing-health series products

6. Create-carbon trading income

7. Self-driving special tourism

8. Provide many jobs

At the just-concluded two sessions and the previous 18th National Congress, the national leaders clearly pointed out that we must make great efforts in ecological protection in order to build a social composition of environmental protection ecology.

Firstly, Jatropha curcas is a carbon sink tree species in China, and secondly, Jatropha curcas is a renewable resource and energy. Its added value is definitely not limited to bioenergy, but also can be well developed in other aspects, including tourism, health food and high-end woody edible oil. The reason is that Jatropha curcas is called "Huang Jinshu" because it is full of treasures. Both fruits and seeds contain oil.