How to divide and lay out chicken farms?

After the site selection of the chicken farm, the locations of different building functional areas, roads, drainage, greening and other areas in the chicken farm should be arranged according to the terrain and the local main wind direction plan, which is called zoning. Reasonable arrangement of the location and direction of each building and each facility according to the zoning plan is called layout. 1. Zoning: Chicken farms with a certain scale can generally be divided into front area, production area and isolation area. The front area includes administration and technology, offices, feed processing plants and warehouses, garages, grocery warehouses, dressing and disinfection rooms, washing rooms, power distribution rooms, water towers, staff quarters, canteens, etc. The workers' living area in front of the site should occupy the upper hand and high terrain of the whole site, and take it as the production technology management area. The production area is located in the downwind and lower part of the front area, but it should be higher than the isolation area and in the upwind direction of the isolation area. The front area of the chicken farm is responsible for the management and external contact of the chicken farm, and should be located in a place convenient for external contact. There is a vehicle disinfection pool in front of the gate, and there are doormen and disinfection dressing rooms on both sides. The front yard should be separated from the production area, and outsiders can only move in the front yard and are not allowed to enter the production area at will. The production area is the core of the chicken farm. The layout of henhouses should be arranged in the order of hatching rooms, young houses, middle houses, backup henhouses and adult henhouses according to the main wind direction and terrain, that is, the hatching rooms are in the upwind direction and the adult henhouses are in the downwind direction, which can make the air in the henhouses fresh, reduce the chance of disease, and avoid the spread of diseases caused by the dirty air discharged from adult henhouses. Isolation areas include houses and facilities for isolation, inspection, detection and treatment of sick chickens, as well as facilities for treatment and storage of fecal sewage. Isolation area is a place where pollutants such as sick chickens and feces are concentrated in chicken farms, and it is the focus of health and epidemic prevention and environmental protection. This area is located in the downwind and the most topography of the whole site, and the distance from other areas is not less than 50 meters. The facilities such as the isolation house for sick chickens and the corpse pit or cremation furnace for treating sick chickens should be more than 300 meters away from the chicken house. 2. Building layout of production area ① Chicken house layout. Chicken coops are generally arranged horizontally (east-west) and vertically (north-south) as determinants. Henhouses should not intersect, and the arrangement of henhouses should be single row, double row or multiple rows according to the shape of the site, the number of henhouses and the length of each henhouse. ② the orientation of the henhouse. The orientation of the henhouse should be determined according to the local geographical location, climate and environment. The proper orientation should meet the requirements of sunlight, temperature and ventilation in the henhouse. Chicken coops are usually spaced apart and face south, and some adjustments can be made to deflect eastward or westward. ③ The spacing of chicken coops. To determine the distance between chicken houses, we should consider sunshine, ventilation, epidemic prevention, fire prevention and land saving. The appropriate spacing must be determined according to the local geographical location, climate and site topography. After calculation, the distance between chicken houses in Ningxia is not less than 3 times the height of chicken houses in the south row. It can basically meet the requirements of sunshine, ventilation and epidemic prevention. ④ Field roads and drainage. The production area should be divided into clean channels for transporting feed, products and production links and dirty channels for transporting sick chicken feces and dirt. Clean lanes and dirty lanes shall not be mixed and crossed. Open ditches can be set on one or both sides of the road to drain rain, snow and water from the fields. The drainage ditch can't be connected with the pipes of the drainage system in the house to prevent the site from being polluted. ⑤ Site greening. Planting trees and grass for greening is of great significance to improve the microclimate of the site, purify the air and water quality and reduce noise. It is worth noting that in order to ensure the safety and effectiveness of health and epidemic prevention, some intensive farms at home and abroad only plant lawns, do not plant trees, and do not give wild birds living space to prevent pathogenic microorganisms from spreading the epidemic in the field through bird droppings and other debris.