Ten Precious Cultural Relics in Yuanmingyuan

Ten Precious Cultural Relics in Yuanmingyuan

Ten rare cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan, which was once brilliant, contain all kinds of priceless treasures and are China's material and cultural heritage. The following are the top ten treasures of Yuanmingyuan for everyone to share.

Ten rare cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan 1 1, bronze statue of the animal head of the 12 zodiac animals in Yuanmingyuan.

Speaking of the top ten rare treasures of Yuanmingyuan, the most valuable one is the bronze animal head of the zodiac, which was once a part of the fountain outside Haiyan Hall in Yuanmingyuan. 1860, the British and French allied forces invaded China and burned Yuanmingyuan, and the bronze statue of the animal head began to be lost overseas. Fortunately, as of March 20021year, the heads of cattle, monkeys, tigers, pigs, rats, rabbits and horses have returned to the motherland. Unfortunately, the whereabouts of the other five statues are still unknown.

2, Qing Yongzheng imperial silk enamel double crane incense burner

"Qing Yongzheng Royal Silk and Enamel Double Crane Incense Burner" is a royal silk and enamel incense burner, which was made for Li Hong to celebrate Yong Zhengdi's birthday. A pair of * * * are orphans, and the height of incense burner is 145 cm (57 inches). This pair of incense burners has been living abroad for a long time since the late Qing Dynasty, and it is an old collection of British "mountain houses". 20 10 was auctioned by Christie's in Hong Kong, and Liu Luanxiong, the richest man in Hong Kong, bought it for 1. 1 1 100 million yuan and collected it.

3, "Emotional Ink Flower" hand scroll

In Yuanmingyuan, there are also many famous paintings and calligraphy, which are especially precious. Chen Gua's "Mood and Ink Flowers" is one of them. In fact, it is an old collection of Chunhua Xuan in Yuanmingyuan, with complete seals and stone canals. 20 10 12, at Christie's auction house in Hong Kong, the final auction price of "Love Rhyme Ink Flower" was 1. 137 billion yuan, which is now collected by collectors Liu Yiqian and Wang Wei.

4. Forty scenic spots

One of the top ten rare treasures of Yuanmingyuan is the 40 scene pictures drawn by court painters and ci ministers according to the will of Emperor Qianlong in the ninth year of Qianlong (1744). 1860, the Yuanmingyuan was burned down, and forty scenes were taken away by the invaders, which were dedicated to the French emperor Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte, and are now in the National Library of Paris, France.

5. Yuanmingyuan Seal

Speaking of the rare treasures in Yuanmingyuan, the seal of Yuanmingyuan is definitely one and absolutely priceless, but there are not many records about it. At the end of the same year, diplomat Xue Fucheng recorded in the Diary of the Four Kingdoms that in the 16th year of Guangxu (AD 1890), the "Imperial Seal of Yuanmingyuan" was found in the China showroom of Paris Oriental Museum. One said:' Baohe Taihe', sapphire square seal, slightly larger; A' Yuanmingyuan Seal', white jade square seal, slightly smaller. "

6. Long-necked gourd

This is a treasure collected by Qing Qianlong in Yuanmingyuan, with a picture of "long life", pale yellow land and foreign icing on the cake. The final auction price of Sotheby's Hong Kong 20 10 10 07 is 220 million yuan! The decorative patterns painted on the bottle body of the long-necked gourd are colorful, overlapping and staggered, and the composition is exquisite, meticulous and colorful, which looks extremely beautiful.

After adopting and being familiar with the painting techniques pioneered in the early years of Qianlong, Jingdezhen porcelain craftsmen in the Qing Dynasty created a luxurious and complicated decorative craft —— "Rolling on the track and rolling on the brocade", which is a craft to depict grass patterns, phoenix-tailed patterns and flower patterns on the glaze with fine needles to show the effect of "brocade". The long-necked gourd bottle in Yuanmingyuan is the masterpiece of this period.

7. Panorama of Yuanmingyuan

Forty scenes of Yuanmingyuan, including 40 groups of 80 panoramic pictures of Yuanmingyuan drawn during Qianlong period, were drawn by court painters Shen Yuan and Tang Dai in Qing Dynasty and inscribed by Qianlong. In terms of preciousness, it can definitely be included in the top ten rare treasures of Yuanmingyuan. 1860, the British and French allied forces invaded Beijing, and a large number of precious cultural relics, including the Forty Scenes of Yuanmingyuan, were also taken away by the British and French allied forces.

8, yellow pastel Fushou Wan Nian Yun Kou bottle

"Yellow pastel longevity rhyme bottle" is the official kiln porcelain bottle in the early Jiaqing period. Its workmanship is fine, and the bottle mouth is turned backwards, which is very rare. Painted with turquoise and green glaze, the mouth is golden. Using foreign color technology, you can feel the obvious three-dimensional effect by touching it with your hands. Porcelain bottles were exiled to Yuanmingyuan in 1860, and were once collected in Fangshan House. 20 10 was auctioned by Christie's in Hong Kong, with an auction price of 77.62 million yuan, a record high for Jiaqing porcelain.

9. Suggested map of women's history

Among the treasures in the Yuanmingyuan, celebrity paintings and calligraphy are absolutely the most precious. Among them, A History of Women is a silk painting by Gu Kaizhi, a great painter in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which is a rare treasure in ancient scroll paintings in China. 1860 was snatched from Yuanmingyuan by the British and French allied forces. The original picture of a woman's history has been lost, and there is a copy of the Tang Dynasty, the original picture 12 paragraph. Because of its age, there are only nine paragraphs left, which are used to color silk books and are now collected in the British Museum.

10, Kangxi jade ruyi

Kangxi Jade Ruyi, carved from precious white jade, is white and green in color and carved into the shape of porous fungus. The inscription on the top of the handle is "Yu", and the inscription on the lower part is: "I wish you many years, Xian Yi on earth. When Minister Wu came in, it can be regarded as one of the top ten rare treasures of Yuanmingyuan in terms of the preciousness of Kangxi Jade Ruyi. 1860 was plundered from Yuanmingyuan by the British and French allied forces, and now it is collected in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, USA.

Top 10 Rare Cultural Relics of Yuanmingyuan 2 Top 1, Bronze Statue of the Animal Head of the Twelve Zodiacs of Yuanmingyuan Speaking of the top ten rare treasures of Yuanmingyuan, the most valuable one is the bronze statue of the Twelve Zodiacs, which was once a part of the fountain outside Haiyan Hall of Yuanmingyuan. 1860, the British and French allied forces invaded China and burned Yuanmingyuan, and the bronze statue of the animal head began to be lost overseas.

Fortunately, as of 24: 00 on March 2 1 day, there were cows' heads, monkeys' heads, tigers' heads, raw rats, rats, tigers' heads, grass cows, Year of the Horse and others returning home. Unfortunately, the decline of the other five heads is still unknown.

Top2. Long-necked gourd bottle This is a treasure collected by Qing Qianlong in Yuanmingyuan, with a picture of "Long life" painted on it. The final auction price of Sotheby's Hong Kong 20 10 10 07 is 220 million yuan! The patterns in the bottle of long-necked gourd are colorful, rich and varied, overlapping and staggered, and the composition is exquisite, which is particularly beautiful.

Ps: After adopting and being familiar with the painting techniques pioneered by Qianlong in the early years, Jingdezhen porcelain makers in the Qing Dynasty created a luxurious and complicated decorative craft-"rolling the brocade on the raceway", which is a craft to depict grass patterns, phoenix tail patterns and flower patterns on the glaze with fine needles to show the effect of "brocade". The long-necked gourd cup in Yuanmingyuan is the masterpiece of this period.

Top3, Forty Scenes "Forty Scenes" One of the ten rare treasures of Yuanmingyuan was drawn by court painters and ci ministers around the ninth year of Qianlong (1744) according to the will of Emperor Li Hong of Qianlong.

These forty scenes were taken away by the martyrs when Yuanmingyuan was burned in 1860 and presented to the French National Pavilion as the revolutionary remains of French emperor Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte.

Top4, the hand scroll of "Emotion and Ink Flowers" in Yuanmingyuan, also has many famous paintings and calligraphy, and it is particularly precious. Chen Gua's "Mood and Ink Flowers" is one of them. In fact, it is an old collection of Chunhua Xuan in Yuanmingyuan, with complete seals and stone canals.

On September 2, 2009, the manuscript of "Falling in Love with Flowers" by Christie's in Hong Kong, with the final works of 65,438+0.65 and 438+0.37 billion yuan, was collected by collector Liu Hewang Wei and a pair of collectors of "Falling in Love with Ink Flowers".

Top5, Yuanmingyuan Seal Speaking of the rare treasures in Yuanmingyuan, the Yuanmingyuan seal is definitely one, and it is absolutely priceless, but there are few records about it. At the end of the same year, Xue Fucheng, a diplomat, recorded in the Diary of an Envoy to Britain, France and Italy that in the 16th year of Guangxu (A.D. 1890), the "Imperial Seal of Yuanmingyuan" was found in the China showroom of Paris Oriental Museum.

One said: Baohe, sapphire covered with Chinese seal, slightly larger; "A round bead seal, a hundred jade granites, a slightly smaller granite".

Top6, Yuanmingyuan Panorama "Forty Scenes of Yuanmingyuan", including 40 groups of 80 panoramic pictures of Yuanmingyuan painted during the Qianlong period, was painted by court painters Shen Yuan and Tang Dai in the Qing Dynasty, inscribed by Qianlong, which is precious and can definitely be included in the top ten treasures of Yuanmingyuan.

The allied forces of Britain and France invaded Beijing in 1860, and a large number of precious cultural relics, including the Forty Scenes of Yuanmingyuan, were preserved by the French side.

Top7。 The treasures in Yuanmingyuan are all paintings and calligraphy by famous people, among which "Painting and Calligraphy of Women's History" is a silk painting by Gu Kaizhi, a great painter in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and it is a rare treasure among scroll paintings in ancient China. 1860 was taken away from Yuanmingyuan by the British and French allied forces.

The original version of The Pattern of Women's History Volume is in this edition, but there are still translations in the Tang Dynasty. 12. Due to the age, there are only 9 paragraphs left, which are silk color maps and collected in the Giant Eagle Museum.

Top8, Qing Yongzheng Royal Silk-cut Enamel Double Crane Incense Burner "Qing Yongzheng Royal Silk-cut Enamel Double Crane Incense Burner" is a silk-cut enamel dish, a royal incense burner, made for Li Hong to celebrate Yong Zhengdi's birthday, and a pair of * * * are orphans. Censer height145cm (57 inches).

This pair of incense burners was exiled as an old British collection "Mountain House" in the late Qing Dynasty, and was auctioned by Christie's in Hong Kong in 2030.

Liu Xiexiong, a Hong Kong barista, thought he got a sum of money worth 1. 1 100 million yuan, and charged a price.

Top9, Kangxi Jade Ruyi Kangxi Jade Ruyi is carved from precious white jade. Its color is white and green, and it is carved into the shape of a porous fungus. The inscription on the top of the handle reads "Imperial System" and the inscription on the lower part reads: "I wish you many good years, and the world will be happy. For the official May Day Prince ".

"The most precious thing for Kang Xiyu is the collection spirit of the Metropolitan Museum of Art established in new york, USA. It can be regarded as the most precious and precious one. It was plundered to China by British allied forces in 1860, and kept in most existing convention art museums in new york, USA.

Top 10, Yellow Pastel Fushou Wannian Yunkou Bottle "Yellow Pastel Fushou Wannian Yunkou Bottle" is the official kiln colored porcelain bottle in the early days of Jiaqing. Its workmanship is fine and the bottle mouth is upside down, which is very rare. The mouth is decorated with turquoise, green glaze and gold color. You can also feel the obvious three-dimensional effect by touching it with your hands.

This ceramic bottle began to flow into Yuanmingyuan in the mid-1960s and was once collected in Fangshan Residence.

Ten Precious Cultural Relics of Yuanmingyuan III. Rare treasures of Yuanmingyuan

1, bronze statue of the animal head of the zodiac in Yuanmingyuan

The bronze statue of the animal head of the zodiac in Yuanmingyuan was originally a part of the fountain outside Haiyan Hall in Yuanmingyuan, and it was a bronze statue of the Qing Dynasty. 1860, the British and French allied forces invaded China and burned Yuanmingyuan, and the bronze statue of the animal head began to be lost overseas.

By 20 12, the bronze statues of bull head, monkey head, tiger head, pig head and horse head had returned to China and were collected in Poly Art Museum. 20 13 On April 26th, French Pino family announced in Beijing that they would donate the bronze mouse heads and rabbit heads of the Twelve Water Methods in Yuanmingyuan to China for free. The donated mouse head and rabbit head are two of the bronze statues of the 12 zodiac animals lost in the Yuanmingyuan in Beijing.

2. Yuanmingyuan Seal

At the end of the year, Xue Fucheng, a diplomat, recorded in the Diary of an Envoy to Britain, France and Italy that in the 16th year of Guangxu (A.D. 1890), the "Imperial Seal of Yuanmingyuan" was found in the China showroom of Paris Oriental Museum. One said:' Baohe Taihe', sapphire square seal, slightly larger; A' Yuanmingyuan Seal', white jade square seal, slightly smaller. "

1904 (30th year of Guangxu reign), Kang Youwei visited Paris, and saw China's Forbidden City treasures and imperial seals in the Qigui Pavilion, which he considered to be the cultural relics of Yuanmingyuan.

3. Forty scenic spots

The Forty Scenery of Yuanmingyuan is a 40 landscape paintings drawn by court painters and ci ministers according to Li Hong's will around the ninth year of Qianlong (1744).

1860, when the British and French allied forces burned the Yuanmingyuan, this precious set of paintings was taken away by the invaders and presented to the French emperor Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte, who is now in the National Library of Paris, France.

4. A picture of women's history

A Historical Map of Women is a silk painting created by Gu Kaizhi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The original has been lost. There is a Tang Dynasty book with the original 12 paragraph. Due to its long history, there are only nine paragraphs left, which are colored for silk books and are now in the British Museum.

5. Panorama of Yuanmingyuan

Forty Scenes of Yuanmingyuan was written by court painters Shen Yuan and Tang Dai in Qing Dynasty and inscribed by Gan Long.

1860, the British and French allied forces set fire to five gardens and three mountains in the west of Beijing, and they looted these forty paintings. It is now in the National Library of France in Paris, France. Since 1860, when the British and French allied forces invaded Beijing and burned the Yuanmingyuan, not only the China Garden, which is called the "treasure house of oriental culture and art", was set on fire, but also a large number of precious cultural relics were taken away by the British and French allied forces (including 40 sets of 80 panoramic pictures of Yuanmingyuan painted during the Qianlong period) and refused to return them to China.

Second, the reason why Yuanmingyuan was destroyed:

Yuanmingyuan was destroyed when the United States, France, Germany, Italy and Japan invaded China.

On an unguarded day, these robbers forcibly robbed the Yuanmingyuan of all kinds of treasures, rare treasures. The first time they returned empty-handed, they returned full-loaded.

1860101On October 6th, British and French forces invaded Beijing and invaded Yuanmingyuan. They robbed the garden of everything they could take away; If you can't move it, use carts or animals to carry it; If it can't be shipped, it will be destroyed at will.

In order to destroy the criminal evidence, more than 3000 intruders were ordered to set fire to the garden on June 18 and June 19. The fire burned for three days and nights, and thick smoke enveloped the whole city of Beijing. China, the treasure of garden art and the essence of architectural art, was reduced to ashes in this way.