High School English Grammar and Phonetic Symbols

In fact, I have learned all the grammatical knowledge in high school grammar. It can be said that I have also learned a certain depth. With this grammatical knowledge, you can complete daily conversations and daily reading. So, just open a grammar book and master 70% of it.

1. Verb tense, subject and predicate agreement. Noun. Adjective. Adverb special items

2. Subjunctive mood

3. Inversion

5. Non-predicate verbs

6. Nominal clauses, including subjects, objects, predicates, appositive clauses, etc.

7. Attributive clauses

8. Ironic questions

The following are the phonetic symbols:

The 48 English phonetic symbols are like the 60 Chinese Pinyin, as long as students master it skillfully They play a huge role in learning English.

First, be able to pronounce many English words accurately in both simple and complex terms.

Second, English sounds and shapes have many similarities. As long as you pay attention to accumulating pronunciation rules, you can hear the sounds and know the shapes, and see the shapes and know the sounds. This is much easier than learning Chinese.

Since phonetic symbols are so important, how can we teach English phonetic symbols well to children who have already learned their mother tongue based on specific circumstances?

I hope the following teaching methods can be helpful to everyone.

1. Use singing to help students learn 26 letters and a few daily expressions.

Purpose: Let them have a perceptual understanding of English and understand that this is the difference from Chinese.

2. Teaching phonetic symbols:

(1) First teach the phonetic symbols of letters

Purpose: Students have become very familiar with the pronunciation of letters by singing alphabet songs. Writing out the phonetic symbols of letters and teaching them will, on the one hand, make the pronunciation of letters more standardized rationally; on the other hand, it will allow them to have a perceptual understanding of English phonetic symbols and feel that English, like Chinese, also has a set of forms for them. Note the sound. Under the guidance of the teacher, the students wanted to know what the phonetic symbols of English are, and are they similar to Chinese Pinyin? Let’s move on to the next step: teaching the International Phonetic Alphabet.

(2) Teaching International Phonetic Symbols

Purpose: To enable students to master English phonetic symbols systematically and proficiently. This mastery is to be able to read and write silently, so that you can use it at any time when learning words later, and be ready to take it out at any time.

Teaching time: two weeks

Teaching process:

1. Vowels

(1) Single vowels: ①/// ////i//u//e/ compared with Chinese single vowels

②/a://://://i://u:///

Instructions: First read the Chinese single vowels, and pay attention to the order, and then use this order to remember the English vowels, which is easy to remember.

(2) Diphthongs: ①/ai//ei//au/// (/ju: /) Compare with Chinese compound vowels: ai ei ui ao ou iu

②／i／／／／u?／

③／i／

Explanation: The diphthong group ① is recorded according to the order of Chinese compound vowels. There is no ui in English; /au/ is written differently from ao,

// is written differently from ou; /ju: / is a diphthong.

The same point in group ② is that they all contain //, and there is only one in group ③, so just remember it.

2. Consonants

(1) Total number of consonants: /b//p//m//f//v//d//t//n//// l／／g／k／／h／

／／／tF／／F／／V／／dz／／ts／／s／／W／

／z／ ／T／／j／／w／／dr／／tr／／r／

Compare with Chinese Pinyin:

b p m f d t n l g k h jq x zh ch sh r z s y w

Instructions: 1. The phonetic symbols of English consonants are recorded according to the order of Chinese initial consonants. The Chinese initial consonants b, p, m, f, d, t, n, l, g, k, h are related to the English consonants /b/, /p/, /m/, /f /,

/d/, /t/, /n/, /l/, /g/, /k/, /h/ are basically the same; Chinese initial consonants j, q, x, zh, ch , sh, r, z, c, s, w and the English phonetic symbols /dz/, /ts/, /s/, /W/, /j/, /w/; /dr/, /tr/, / r/recorded separately.

2． The pronunciation of Chinese Pinyin b, p, m, and f is one more // sound than the English phonetic symbols /b/, /p/, /m/, /f/; j, q, x, z, c, s, r are more pronounced than the English phonetic symbols /b/, /p/, /m/, /f/; The phonetic symbols /dF/, /tF/, /F/, /dz/, /ts/, /s/, /W/, /z/, /T/ are separated by an /i/ sound.

(2) Classification of consonants

Classification 1:

①Paired voice and voiceless:

Clear: /p// t／／k／／f／／F／s／／W／／tF／／ts／／tr／

turbidity:／b／／d／／g／／v／／V／／ z／／T／／dV／／dz／／dr／

Explanation: You can use the homophone memory method to remember the group of unvoiced consonants, namely: Potek, Fuxishi, Qijinchui

／p／／t／／k／／f／／F／／W／／tF／／ts／／tr／

It can be understood as: the mother-in-law has a special guest, she His name is Fu Xishi. He is not only beautiful, but also tall, seven feet tall ("chui" is understood as "high").

② Single household (i.e. unpaired consonants)

／m／／n／／N／／l／

／r／／h／／ j//w/

Remembered as: three nasal sounds (/m/, /n/, /N/), /l/,

/r/ and (that is, / h／)／j／,／w／

Category 2:

(1)／p／／b／／t／／d／／g／／k／／f ／

／v／／F／／V／／s／／z／／W／／T／／r／／h／

／tF／／dV／／ts //dz//tr//dr/

Recorded as: blasting, friction, breaking, first 3 pairs, middle 5 pairs (add /r/, /h/), last 3 pairs

(2)／m／／n／／N／／l／／j／／w／

Remembered as: three nasals, one lateral (l), two and a half Vowels (/j/, /w/)

Category three:

(1) Voiceless consonants: /p/, /t/, /k/, /f/, /F/, /s/, /W/, /tF/, /ts/, /tr/, plus /r/, /h/, a total of 12.

(2) Voiced consonants: /b/, /d/, /g/, /v/, /V/, /z/, /T/, /dV/, /dz/, / dr／Add

/m/, /n/, /N/, /l/, /j/, /w/ for a total of 16.

The teacher explains the classification: Function: 1. Remember the unvoiced consonants, which has an excellent distinguishing effect on the pronunciation rules of nouns becoming plural, verbs becoming third person singular, and the past tense of verbs. 2. Understanding plosive sounds is very helpful for losing plosive sounds when reading English.

3. Spelling words

Purpose: Use English phonetic symbols to spell words, teach students to spell them by themselves, and spell them accurately.

Finally, general instructions for teaching English phonetic symbols:

1. Use the Chinese pinyin order that students are very familiar with to memorize English phonetic symbols, which is easy to remember; 2. When reading phonetic symbols, you cannot Read the Chinese Pinyin and the English phonetic symbols confusingly, what are the similarities and what are the differences, especially read them correctly. 3. The order of phonetic symbols in the textbook is not the author’s. The phonetic symbols teaching in the textbook is scattered throughout the book.