Mao Qiguo: The history of the structure and designation of my country’s local public security forces

my country’s public security forces are composed of regular public security forces, local public security forces and border police forces. Local public security forces refer to public security forces located at the district and county levels, also known as "prefecture and county public security forces." Local public security forces are an important part of my country's public security armed forces.

This article uses the structure and designation evolution of the Zhijiang City Armed Police Squadron from 1949 to June 2022 to discuss the history of changes in the system and designation of my country’s local public security forces (specialized and county public security armed forces).

The predecessor of the Zhijiang City Armed Police Squadron was the "Zhijiang County Public Security Squadron of the Chinese People's Public Security Forces" established in January 1951. It is a public security armed force stationed in Zhijiang County, Hubei Province that is responsible for security and prison custody. It is the most basic company of our country’s public security forces. Since its establishment in October 1949, the Zhijiang County Public Security Squadron has gone through ten changes in structure and designation, and has gone through a glorious combat history of 73 years.

1. The period of the Chinese People’s Public Security Forces (November 1949-December 1952)

After the liberation of Zhijiang in July 1949, in order to consolidate the new people’s power, The Zhijiang County People's Government decided to transfer a squad of troops from the Zhijiang County Command of the Chinese People's Liberation Army to form the "Zhijiang County Public Security Team", led by the County Government Public Security Section.

In January 1951, in compliance with the "Resolution on the Construction of Public Security Armed Forces" issued by the Central-South Military and Political Commission, the Hubei Provincial Public Security Corps of the Chinese People's Public Security Force was formally established. Following the order of the Yichang District Public Security Brigade, the Zhijiang County Public Security Team was reorganized into the "Zhijiang County Public Security Squadron of the Chinese People's Public Security Forces", under the dual leadership of the Yichang District Public Security Brigade and the Zhijiang County Public Security Bureau.

2. The Public Security Forces Period of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (January 1953-July 1955)

In September 1951, the Central Military Commission decided to consolidate the country’s internal security, border defense and The local public security forces are unified and reorganized into the "Public Security Forces of the Chinese People's Liberation Army".

In January 1953, the original "Zhijiang County Public Security Squadron of the Chinese People's Public Security Forces" was reorganized into the "Zhijiang County Public Security Squadron of the Chinese People's Liberation Army". It is under the leadership of the Public Security Brigade of Yichang District of the Chinese People's Liberation Army.

3. The Chinese People’s Armed Police Period (August 1955-December 1958)

In May 1955, the Central Military Commission and the State Council decided to reorganize the national public security forces. On July 18, the Ministry of National Defense announced the designation of the Public Security Forces, reorganizing the original "Public Security Forces Headquarters of the Chinese People's Liberation Army" into the "Public Security Forces Headquarters of the Chinese People's Liberation Army." The new number will be officially launched from August 1st.

On July 30, the State Council issued an order on the reorganization of special and county public security forces into the People's Armed Police. The order pointed out that from August 1, 1955, all prefecture-level and county public security forces would be reorganized into the people's armed police, and the organizational structure of the army would be changed to that of public security organs at all levels. Wear People's Police uniform, People's Police cap badge and chest badge. The Ministry of Public Security has an armed police bureau, the provincial and municipal public security departments have armed police divisions, special regions have armed police brigades, and counties and cities have armed police squadrons.

On August 1, 1955, according to the order of the Yichang District Brigade of the Chinese People's Armed Police, the original "Zhijiang County Public Security Squadron of the Chinese People's Liberation Army" was reorganized into the "Zhijiang County Squadron of the Chinese People's Armed Police". It is under the dual leadership of Yichang District Brigade and Zhijiang County Public Security Bureau. In October of that year, after the merger of Zhijiang County and Yidu County, the Zhijiang County Squadron was merged into the Yidu County Squadron.

4. The People’s Armed Police Force Period (January 1959-October 1961)

On December 31, 1958, the Hubei Provincial Military Region followed the " "Instructions on the Reorganization of the Public Security Forces into the People's Armed Police", the People's Liberation Army's public security forces responsible for custody and some security and guard tasks will be transferred to local public security agencies and reorganized into the People's Armed Police. On January 1, 1959, the former Hubei Provincial Public Security Corps and its affiliated units of the Chinese People's Liberation Army were transferred to the Hubei Provincial Public Security Department and reorganized into the "Hubei Provincial Public Security Department People's Armed Police Corps".

The original "Chinese People's Police Yidu County Squadron" was reorganized into "Yidu County Public Security Bureau People's Armed Police Squadron". It is under the dual leadership of the Yichang Special Administrative Division and the Yidu County Public Security Bureau.

5. The Period of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force (December 1961-January 1963)

On November 23, 1961, the Central Committee approved the Ministry of Public Security Party Group’s “On Improving the People’s Armed Police Force” "Report on the Leadership System of the Armed Police Force", it was decided to establish the headquarters of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force to uniformly lead the country's armed police forces. In January 1962, the original designation of "Hubei Provincial Public Security Department People's Armed Police Corps" was changed to "Hubei Provincial Corps of Chinese People's Armed Police Force". The original "People's Armed Police Squadron of the Yidu County Public Security Bureau" was reorganized into the "Yidu County Squadron of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force". The cadres and soldiers were restored to military status and were under the dual leadership of the Yichang District Armed Police Brigade and the Yidu County Public Security Bureau.

6. The Period of the Chinese People's Public Security Forces (February 1963-May 1966)

On February 1, 1963, in accordance with the "On Changing the Armed Police Forces" issued by the Central Military Commission and the Ministry of Public Security on January 16 "Name Telegram", from now on, the original "Chinese People's Armed Police Force" will be renamed "Chinese People's Public Security Force", and its organizational structure and leadership relationship will remain unchanged according to the existing regulations. In February of the same year, according to the order of the Hubei Provincial Public Security Corps, The original "Yidu County Squadron of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force" was reorganized into the "Yidu County Squadron of the Chinese People's Public Security Force". In November of the same year, Yidu County was split into two counties, Yidu and Zhijiang. "Jiang County Squadron". It is under the dual leadership of the Yichang District Public Security Brigade and the Zhijiang County Public Security Bureau.

On December 7 of the same year, with the approval of the central government, the public security forces changed the current cap badge and symbol style to: Army Cap Badge The "August 1st" red star is followed by a public security shield, which is the cap badge of the public security force; the symbol adopts the symbol of the original public security army; the other accessories are the same as those of the People's Liberation Army.

On June 1, 1965, the Chinese People's Public Security Forces. Like the Army, Navy and Air Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, the military rank system and a series of related symbols will be abolished from now on. All officers and soldiers will wear the new all-red five-pointed star cap badge and all-red collar insignia.

7. The County Squadron Period of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (June 1966-December 1975)

On the eve of the "Cultural Revolution", following the instructions of Chairman Mao Zedong, the Party Central Committee and the Central Military Commission decided to On the 1st, the "Public Security Force" branch was abolished and reorganized into the Chinese People's Liberation Army. In November 1966, according to the decision of the Central Military Commission and Hubei Province, the national public security forces were organized into independent divisions, regiments, battalions, companies, and county and city squadrons. According to the order of the military region, the original "Zhijiang County Squadron of the Chinese People's Public Security Forces" was reorganized into the "Zhijiang County Squadron of the Chinese People's Liberation Army" and was under the leadership of the Yichang Military Division Independent Battalion and the Zhijiang County People's Armed Forces Department.

8. The Armed Police Squadron Period (December 1975-May 1982)

In June 1974, as the border defense, armed, and fire-fighting police were gradually changed from the professional system to the compulsory military service system, these police types in the public security police The internal security forces of the People's Liberation Army that were transferred to the public security system were unified into the "People's Armed Police" and were affiliated with the public security organs. The police uniforms are "green on top and blue on the bottom" and wear the 72-style public security police cap badge and red collar badge.

In December 1975, according to the instructions of the State Council and the Central Military Commission, the Hubei Provincial Military Region still handed over the county and city squadrons to the organizational leadership of the public security organs, and transferred the tasks of the county squadrons together with the original "Zhijiang County Squadron of the Chinese People's Liberation Army". It is the "Armed Civilian Police Squadron of Zhijiang County Public Security Bureau" and is under the dual leadership of the Armed Civilian Police Section of the Yichang Prefecture Public Security Department and the Zhijiang County Public Security Bureau. Cadres and soldiers are still active military personnel and enjoy the same treatment as the People's Liberation Army.

9. The Period of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force (June 1982-July 2022)

On June 19, 1982, the Party Central Committee approved the Ministry of Public Security Party Group’s “About the People’s Armed Police Force” "Request for Instructions on Issues with the Police Management System", it was decided to transfer the local internal security tasks of the Chinese People's Liberation Army and its duty troops to the public security department, and reorganize them into "China's armed police, border police, and fire police who originally implemented compulsory military service". People’s Armed Police Force”.

The original "Zhijiang County Public Security Bureau Armed Police Squadron" was reorganized into the "Zhijiang County Squadron of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force". It is under the dual leadership of the Yichang Regional Detachment of the Armed Police and the Zhijiang County Public Security Bureau. Starting from October 1, 1984, the Armed Police Force has successively issued Type 83 armed police uniforms and cap badges.

On November 8, 1996, Zhijiang County was removed from the county and established as a city, and the Armed Police Zhijiang County Squadron was renamed "Zhijiang City Squadron of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force".

According to the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Adjusting the Leadership and Command System of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force", starting from 0:00 on January 1, 2018, the Armed Police Force will be under the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee and the Central Military Commission , implement the Central Military Commission-Armed Police Force-troop leadership and command system. The Armed Police Zhijiang City Squadron is under the dual leadership of the original Armed Police Yichang City Detachment and the Zhijiang City Public Security Bureau, and is now under the leadership of the Armed Police Yichang City Detachment.

Our country’s local public security squadrons have grown and expanded with the birth of New China. In the 73 years since their establishment, although the name, number and leadership system of the troops have undergone many changes and adjustments, practice has proved that they are the most important force of the Party. and a local public security armed force that is indispensable to the country. It has played an important role in various historical periods of national construction, created glorious achievements, and made great contributions. It is a mighty and civilized division permanently stationed in Zhijiang. (Written by Mao Qiguo)

Attached: Source of information

1. "Memorial Events of the Armed Police Force 1949 2009" Compiled by the Editorial and Research Office of the Political Department of the Armed Police Force

2. "Armed Police Force "Organizational History Materials of the Hubei Provincial Corps" Internal Materials Printed in December 1993

3. "Public Security Forces Major Events" Printed by the People's Liberation Army Press in April 1997

4. "Armed Police Yichang City Detachment" "Zhijiang City Chronicle" internal information printed in December 2004

5. "Zhijiang City Chronicle" printed by Fangzhi Publishing House in November 2012

6. "Zhijiang City Public Security Chronicle" internally published Printed December 2009.