Slogan to protect brain health from stroke

Stroke, also known as "stroke", is an acute cerebrovascular disease with high incidence, high mortality and high disability rate, which seriously threatens people's health. Once a stroke occurs, it will bring a heavy burden and great pain to patients and families. Therefore, how to prevent stroke is particularly important.

Early warning: 10 precursor to be identified.

Vertigo is obvious.

Suddenly, I felt dizzy and my eyes were spinning. After a few seconds, I returned to normal. This is due to brain stem and cerebellar ischemia, which affects the organs that control balance.

severe headache

A sudden severe headache that I have never experienced before. This is because the pressure in the cerebral artery suddenly increases, which stimulates the pain receptors on the blood vessel wall.

Stiff base of tongue

Suddenly I feel stiff tongue base, swollen tongue, difficulty swallowing and unclear speech. This is because of vascular sclerosis, lumen stenosis and increased blood viscosity, which leads to poor circulation of lingual veins and deposition of metabolites, thus stimulating lingual nerves.

nosebleed

When blood pressure continues to rise, the hardened and brittle nasal blood vessels can't bear the pressure and may rupture and bleed.

Unilateral numbness

Suddenly I feel numb on one side of my face, arms and fingers, especially my ring finger. This is the manifestation of insufficient blood supply to intracranial arteries, cerebral ischemia and hypoxia.

Often suffocate

Cough occurs when drinking water or eating. This is because the swallowing nerve center is affected by cerebral ischemia, resulting in loss of sensation and reflex disorder in the pharynx, which makes water and food mistakenly enter the trachea.

monocular blindness

One eye suddenly can't see clearly, or even can't see, and it will return to normal in a short time. It is a sign of retinal ischemia caused by severe cerebral vascular sclerosis and stenosis.

Excessive daytime sleepiness

People feel very tired and lack sleep, even during the day. It is found that about 3/4 of middle-aged and elderly people who have no obvious reason for sleepiness have a stroke within six months.

Yawn in the sky

Yawning is a protective reaction of human body, which can increase the blood output of the heart, provide enough blood and oxygen to the brain, and make people refreshed. However, according to a survey, about 70% of stroke patients yawned frequently before onset 1 week, regardless of time and place.

Decreased grip strength

When the shaving head turns to one side, the arm suddenly loses its grip strength, causing the shaving tool to fall to the ground, sometimes accompanied by slurred speech. 1~2 minutes later, it completely returns to normal. This is because the hardened carotid artery is twisted when turning head, which leads to insufficient intracranial blood supply and causes transient cerebral ischemia symptoms.

Treatment: "three days earlier"

Early recognition

Seek help early.

People around you should call 120 for help immediately after finding the symptoms of stroke, and record the onset time.

Early thrombolysis

Send the patient to the nearest hospital for treatment as soon as possible, carry out intravenous thrombolysis as soon as possible, dissolve the thrombus blocked in the cerebral blood vessels, reopen the occluded blood vessels, restore blood supply in time, and reduce ischemic brain tissue necrosis. The best time for thrombolysis is 3~4.5 hours after onset. Remember not to miss the best treatment opportunity when a stroke occurs.

Prevention: We must do a good job of "two customs"

Pay attention to lifestyle and control risk factors.

The first step to prevent cerebrovascular disease is to change the unhealthy lifestyle at an early stage, enhance one's resistance and defense ability, and control various risk factors, so that cerebrovascular disease does not occur or postpone the onset age. It is also the "primary prevention" of cerebrovascular diseases, that is, prevention before onset.

Control risk factors

To prevent cerebrovascular diseases, we can't change factors such as age, genetic factors and race, but we can actively treat and change high-risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes and heart disease. Once found, we should attach great importance to it and carry out regular and long-term treatment and observation under the guidance of doctors.

Stable plaque

If the physical examination finds carotid plaque, especially hypoechoic plaque and ulcerative plaque, it is particularly important to stabilize the plaque, because these plaques are easy to fall off, block the distal blood vessels and cause cerebral infarction.

Healthy life

Rationally adjust the diet structure, including quitting smoking and drinking, combining work and rest, strengthening outdoor physical exercise, and advocating low-salt and low-fat diet. And suggest eating more fish, vegetables and fruits.

Psychological stability

Pay attention to mental and psychological health, avoid violent mood swings, participate in beneficial social activities, and reduce tension, anxiety and depression.

Regular health examination

Even for people who seem to be in good health, regular physical examination is very important. If you are a high-risk group of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, such as people over 45 years old, obese people, people with a family history of dyslipidemia, and people with high work pressure, you must remember the agreement with the physical examination and never "break the appointment".

Remember ABCDE?

For patients who have suffered from cerebrovascular disease, we can find the cause of cerebrovascular disease, eliminate the reversible cause and correct all the risk factors that can be intervened, so as to prevent the recurrence of cerebrovascular disease. This second level refers to "secondary prevention". Generally speaking, the secondary prevention of cerebrovascular diseases needs to achieve "ABCDE".

A: Antithrombotic therapy.

Control blood pressure and weight

C: lowering cholesterol and quitting smoking

D: controlling diabetes and adjusting diet

E: Health education, physical exercise, regular physical examination and timely intervention to prevent or alleviate and prevent the occurrence and development of stroke.

Rehabilitation: Avoiding "Five Obstacles"

Only for rescue, ignoring rehabilitation.

This usually happens after an acute attack in a stroke patient. Family members didn't realize that stroke would leave sequelae for patients, but just thought it would be good to bring their lives back. Studies have shown that the earlier the rehabilitation intervention of stroke patients, the less the chance of hemiplegia in the later stage. Stroke patients belong to the best rehabilitation period within three months after their condition is stable, and the effective rehabilitation period within half a year.

A superstition that drugs can cure everything.

Rehabilitation after stroke is to guide and stimulate the muscle tissue and nervous system according to the different situation of each patient through scientific exercise, so as to stimulate the patient's own strength and achieve the purpose of self-care and work autonomy. However, a considerable number of patients are overly superstitious about drugs and always want to find a specific drug, which wastes valuable rehabilitation opportunities in the meaningless search process and finally misses the effective rehabilitation period.

Feeling irritable, excessive rehabilitation exercise.

Some patients or their families are anxious to recover, and making too strict rehabilitation training plans by themselves will affect the rehabilitation effect. Rehabilitation training must be scientifically trained under the guidance of rehabilitation professionals, otherwise it will easily lead to "misuse syndrome".

The training sequence of the positive solution is: first, turn over in bed, cross the bridge in bed, sit training, turn training, stand training, and then gradually transition to walking ability training.

Wrong exercise affects rehabilitation.

Patients with cerebrovascular disease need rehabilitation intervention, and some patients or their families will make mistakes only by relying on their own understanding.

For example, some patients can straighten their hands but can't bend them at first, so they practice grasping this action more, but in the end they find that the tighter their palms are, the harder it is to open them. If patients and their families knew more about rehabilitation, similar things would not happen.

Negative spirit delays illness.

Rehabilitation treatment of patients with cerebrovascular diseases often lasts for half a year or even longer. If patients lack psychological preparation, it is easy to have abnormal psychology of giving up on themselves, and then treat them negatively, which will affect the rehabilitation process. Therefore, doctors should give necessary explanations to patients and their families, so that patients and their families have a necessary understanding of rehabilitation knowledge and are fully prepared for the process of rehabilitation and the difficulties they have experienced.