Gulin County, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province belongs to which province and city.

It belongs to Gulin County, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province.

Gulinjian County was founded in 1909 and originally belonged to Yongning County, Xuzhou Prefecture, Sichuan Province. 1949 Gulin county was liberated and placed under the administrative office of southern Sichuan. 1960 merged with Luzhou District to form Yibin District, and the administrative divisions were changed many times. 1985, Gu Lin was placed under the provincial jurisdiction of Luzhou city.

Gulin County is located in the southern edge of Sichuan Province, and Chishui River flows into the Yangtze River from south to east and north along the border. The county extends into northern Guizhou in a peninsula shape, bordering xuyong county in the west and Bijie, Jinsha, Renhuai, Xishui and Chishui in Guizhou on three sides. The county covers an area of 3 182 square kilometers, governs 29 townships with a total population of 720,000, and is inhabited by Han, Miao, Yi, Hui and other 12 ethnic groups. It is one of the counties with a large population of scattered ethnic minorities in Sichuan Province. Among them, the minority population is 27,000.

Gu Lin is located in the northern part of the western section of Dalou Mountain, which belongs to the low Zhongshan landform type area around the basin. The territory is covered with mountains and ravines, and the altitude is relatively different. Xinjieping, the highest in the northwest, is at an altitude of 1.843 m, while Taipingdukou, the lowest in the northeast, is at an altitude of 300 m, with a relative height difference of 1.543 m.. The whole terrain is high in the west and low in the east, steep in the south and slow in the north. According to its characteristics, it can be divided into low mountain valley landform area, low mountain narrow valley landform area, Zhongshan valley landform area and Zhongshan canyon landform area.

Rich in strata. Gu Lin has four distinct seasons, strong regularity, abundant sunshine, abundant heat, obvious three-dimensional climate and great regional differences. The annual average temperature is17.8℃ ~13.1℃, and the frost-free period is 232-363 days. The average annual rainfall is 748.4 mm ~ 1 12.7 mm, with little rain in winter and spring and vigorous in summer.

physical geography

Gu Lin is located at the southernmost tip of Sichuan, on the north side of the western section of Dalou Mountain in Wumeng Mountain System in the transition zone between Sichuan Basin and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. The county extends to the north of Guizhou in a peninsula shape.

The altitude of the territory is 300- 1843 meters, which is high in the west and low in the east, steep in the south and slow in the north. It is a typical basin surrounded by mountains.

Gulin County is a typical agricultural county in mountainous areas, with large terrain ups and downs, towering mountains and ravines. The highest elevation is1843m, the lowest elevation is 300m, the relative elevation difference is1543m, and the average elevation is 772m. The stratum in the territory is ancient, the structure is complex, limestone is widely exposed, and there are 486 peaks.

Gulin county is rich in water resources, and its development prospect is considerable. Chishui River flows through Gu Lin with a total length of1.20km and a drop of 320m. The water resources available for development and utilization can reach 765,000 kilowatts. Five large and medium-sized hydropower stations can be built along the river, including Mozitang, Wuma River, Zhonghua Mouth, Lianghekou and Jiuxikou. In addition, the water resources of Gulin River, Yanjing River, Baisha River, Horseshoe River River and Caiban River in China reach 1.86 kW.

Mineral resources: Gu Lin is rich in mineral resources, including anthracite, pyrite, iron ore, copper, marble and kaolin, especially anthracite. The focus of ancient (Linxu) (Yong) coal mine development is in Gu Lin mining area. This mining area is the only large-scale anthracite mining area with low sulfur, ultra-low phosphorus, medium and high heat and high quality that has not been developed on a large scale in Sichuan Province. The proven anthracite reserves reach 3.4 billion tons, accounting for 29% of the proven coal reserves in the province. Coalbed methane 100 1 100 million cubic meters, accounting for 28% of the province; The reserves of pyrite are 3.2 billion tons, accounting for 4 1% of the whole province. In addition, the distribution of high-quality limestone accounts for 60% of the total area, gypsum reserves are estimated at 48,900 tons, and marble is widely distributed.

Biological resources: The plant resources in Gulin County include flue-cured tobacco, Chinese herbal medicine, tea and various economic trees. Gu Lin is an important production base of flue-cured tobacco in this province, with 247 species of medicinal plants and a considerable area of green tea and Chinese herbal medicine base. At the same time, Gu Lin's horsehead sheep, southern Sichuan yellow cattle and live pigs have a broad market, which has the value of further development.

The development of history

Lin Jing was the land of Linzhou in Tang Dynasty. Linzhou is rich in rushes (rushes), and the land was not precious in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Every year, the natives weave grass into flower mats, hence the name.

(2) "Gu Lin" and "Yongning" are synonyms. Yu Dafu's Cherokee Lankao in the Republic of China: "If you are in a hurry, you will turn to peace."

Gu Lin, according to the archaeological discovery of Mao Ye Cave in Shiping Town, there were ancient human activities as early as 50,000 to 20,000 years ago. Before the Han Dynasty, it was the southwest wing city, belonging to Yelang country. Linzhou was located in the first year of Tang and Yuan Dynasties and belonged to Linzhou. Hejiang County was located in the northeast of Song Dynasty, and Roche Ghost Country was located in the south (now Dafang County, Guizhou Province), which was under the jurisdiction of Fu Xuansi of Yongning. In the fourth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1377), Yongle Wei was established, and in the twenty-third year, Qianhuwei was established in Baise (now Baisha) and moved to Guizhou. In the third year of the Apocalypse (1630), the aftermath hall was set up and the canteen was changed to the Syrian hall. In the 9th year of Yongzheng (173 1), Gu Lin Inspection Department was located in Liyong Hall of Gu Lin House, and Chishui County was located in Chishui River, which was placed under Yongning County. In the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (1908), he moved to Yongning County, an ancient forest farm. Gu Lin Inspection Department moved to Xihekou (now Tangui Town) and abandoned Gu Lin Inspection Department. In Xuantong Yuannian (1909), Yongning County was Gulin County, which was placed under Yongning Zhili Prefecture and was the beginning of Gulin County. In 19, it was placed under the Sichuan provincial government, and in12, Chishui County was placed under the seventh administrative supervision area of Sichuan.

1949 12 10, Gu Lin was liberated and transferred to Luzhou Commissioner's Office in Lichuan South Administrative Region. 1960 is under the jurisdiction of Luzhou Special Zone, and 1985 is under the jurisdiction of Luzhou City.

Before liberation, the total area of the county was 465,438+004.9 square kilometers. After liberation, from 1950- 1983, the chopping block, Shiba Inu and Mani in the northwest and southwest were assigned to xuyong county three times. So far, the county covers an area of 3 183.5 square kilometers.

In the early days of liberation, in order to adapt to the land reform and narrow the scope of division, the county set up 16 district, 6 towns and 162 township. After several adjustments, 1958 changed the township to the people's commune, 1984 changed the people's commune to the township, and 10 was in charge of the county. 1987, with the approval of the provincial government, Fu Tao, Erlang and Xinhua, which belong to the big village area, were merged into Erlang Town, and four townships (Jianshe, Wulong, Dazhai and Ma Si) were changed into Miao townships. 1992, towns were built from districts, and the county formed 12 towns and 17 townships (including 4 Miao townships).

Local customs and practices

Legend of Miao people's millstone swing

A long time ago, Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miaomiao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao Miao. The flowers she embroidered are so fragrant that even butterflies fly around. One day, Miao Niang was sitting at the door embroidering shoes. Suddenly, a rock eagle took the shoes away. On this day, the warrior Baguidaya was hunting on the mountain and shot down the rock eagle. The shoes held by Yan Ying deeply touched the young man, and he fell in love with the girl with embroidered shoes. In order to find this girl, Bagui changed the swing that one person sat into a millstone swing that eight people sat together. The news came that on the Mid-Autumn Festival, Miao people from far and near, old and young, gathered at Xiang Qiu Yard. On this day, my mother also came to see eight people sitting on the millstone swing. Singing and singing, Baguida finally found Mi Niang, and the two hit it off and formed a good marriage. Since then, whenever fruits and vegetables are ripe and the autumn festival comes, Miao people will set up swings to celebrate festivals and choose good companions.

Legend of the burial custom of vertebral cattle

In ancient times, Chiyou, the leader of Miao nationality, was defeated and killed by Xuanyuan Huangdi, and the Miao nationality moved south under the leadership of General Kefu. Miao people walked in the war, praised the Buddha in the battle, and were shot to death by arrows. People reluctantly buried Chiyou and praised the Buddha. When people are buried, they blow horns, beat gongs and drums, drive away tigers, leopards and wolves, and let the souls of the deceased rest in peace. Who knows that the horse that praised Buddha heard the drums blaring, thought it was going out again, broke the reins and ran away. He saw his master dead, hissed a few times, lay on the ground with tears, didn't drink or eat, and died a few days later. Since then, after the death of the Miao people, family members have sacrificed cows instead of horses, which not only requires cows to lead their masters' souls to reunite with their ancestors, but also means sending a cow to the deceased for use in the underworld.

1. Taboo of life customs: In some Miao areas, washing and drinking retort, rice bags and rice pots are forbidden at any time, and only eating new rice means that the old rice has passed away, and new rice is welcome. Washing at any time will wash away the family wealth and there is not enough food. Drinking raw water in the mountains should not be directly drunk. You must mark the grass first to show that you are killing sick ghosts. Don't touch other people's clothes on the roadside, so as not to catch leprosy. Avoid children playing with small bows and arrows at home for fear of shooting their ancestors. Avoid crossing the child's head, or the child will not grow tall. Avoid women sitting on a bench with their elders.

2. Funeral taboo: In some Miao areas, male death is forbidden during the day and female death is forbidden at night. Think that the time is wrong, the deceased must be accompanied by another deceased of the opposite sex. Therefore, he was unwell when he died. When he lost his family, he often asked the wizard to say a spell and then "change". At the same time, he made a palm-sized wooden coffin to be buried with him, indicating that he had a companion. Avoid putting iron, copper and other non-silver metals, cotton and tung oil into the coffin, thinking that the deceased can't buy water to drink on the way back to the east, and iron and copper will be tossed to death. In some Miao areas, people can work in the mountains on the anniversary of the village's death, but avoid going to the fields. On that day, people in the same village should avoid collecting firewood and go home, otherwise the firewood collectors will have disaster. During the suspension of classes, family members are forbidden to eat vegetables. After burial 1 month, nothing in the house may be sold or borrowed.

3. Farming taboo: Miao people are forbidden to meet outsiders when they return to their fields for the first time every year. If they meet, they are forbidden to say hello. When planting seedlings, if you see fish in the Miao Di, don't say fish, or the fish will eat the roots of the seedlings. When some villages harvest millet, the ears are small and they are not harvested. If children ask, don't say "no", say "they haven't grown up yet", otherwise Xiaomi will refuse to grow again because of sadness. Don't mention mice in Tanaka, for fear of hearing them destroy crops, you can only call them "their father and son" instead. Avoid May Day. After the first month in beginning of spring, avoid breaking ground and carrying water on May Day.

4, taboo: maternity, avoid outsiders entering the room. People who go wrong should wash their feet and drink a bowl of cold water to prevent maternal milk from being "trampled dry". Maternal avoid eating old beef, pork, pheasant, small fish, vegetables, peppers and so on. In some Miao areas, it is forbidden for pregnant women to meet pregnant women or go to other delivery rooms, otherwise the delivery period will be prolonged.

5. Others: Miao people pay attention to truth and sincerity, and are very enthusiastic, and most of them avoid glitz and hypocrisy. Host Lu Yu guests don't take the first step, don't walk in front; Use honorifics in conversation; Welcome guests to wear holiday clothes; For distinguished guests, wine is welcome outside the village; When the guest arrives at the door, the host will call the door and inform the hostess at home that she will sing and open the door to welcome the guests; In front of the guests, the hostess does not climb upstairs; At the banquet, chickens and ducks are the most precious delicacies, especially the heart and liver. It should be given to the guests or the elderly first, and then the guests will share it with you. The order is first long and then small. Guests should not call the host "Miao Zi"; They prefer to call themselves "Meng". It is forbidden to kill and beat dogs and not to eat dog meat; You can't sit in the Miao ancestral hall, and you can't step on the tripod on the kang with your feet; Do not whistle at home or at night; Can't shoot ash and eat chaff baked by fire; No bound Miao people are allowed to be used when frolicking; Don't enter the house when straw hats, branches or wedding and funeral ceremonies are hung on the door; Lu Yu is newly married, so don't wait in the middle.

There are many Miao festivals, such as Miao Year, Spring Festival, Mountain Treading Festival, April 8th, Chinese New Year Festival and Flower Jumping.

1, Mountain Treading Festival: another name: Huashan Festival, flower pole land; Time: from the first day to the fifteenth day of the first month of each year; Significance: Pray for the peace and prosperity of Miao people. During the festival, Miao compatriots dressed in costumes went to the wide lawn near the village to dance lions, swing, play bamboo leaves and flute. People also put up a "flower pole" dyed red and blue with 12 knots on the mountain to show their prayers to heaven. Young men and women seek lifelong partners in this song and dance carnival and pray for God's blessing. The Mountain Treadmill Festival lasted for three days, during which Miao Village sang and danced.

2. Stealing relatives: Miao people have the marriage custom of "stealing relatives". When young men and women get to know each other after many times of "sitting on the elder sister" (talking about love) and singing, they will give each other gifts and get ready to get married. If the woman's parents object to this marriage, they will take the method of "stealing relatives". On the night of "stealing relatives", the woman first hid her daily necessities about half a mile away from home, and then waited for the arrival of the man at home. As night falls, the man and his good friends go to the woman's house to "sit with him" as usual. Late at night, the man left, and the woman pretended to be reluctant to part with her brother, so she took out her things from her hiding place and went to the man's home together. The next day, the woman's parents knew that her daughter was "stolen" by the man. On the third day, the groom appointed an elderly man to bring three gifts-chicken, duck and eggs to the woman's house to complain and apologize to her parents. If the woman's parents accept the gift, it means that they have basically agreed to this marriage, then discuss the wedding; If you refuse, the wedding will no longer be held, just register with the government. This marriage custom of "stealing relatives" has been passed down among Miao people for hundreds of years. It is a way for Miao youth to fight for freedom of marriage and resist the feudal arranged marriage system, and it has been passed down to this day.

3. Eating Cattle Festival: Eating Cattle Festival is the most solemn and ancient custom of Miao family. Tracing back to the source, this festival is not so much a sacrifice to God as a challenge to God and a review of man's power to conquer God.

4. Catching seedlings: popular in xuyong county and Gulin County. It is held twice a year on February 13 and July 3 of the lunar calendar. According to legend, the origin of Miaochang was formed by the Miao people after an uprising failed. The government won't let them be together. People secretly contacted each other in the name of playing Lusheng on the dam, and later it gradually evolved into a fixed festival.

5. Ribbon Festival: It is popular in Xia Dong, xuyong county. It is held on the fifth day of the second lunar month every year. At that time, dozens of young men and women in Fiona Fang. If both parties like it, they can give each other belts as engagement gifts. Those who repent afterwards can claim back their belts and dissolve the relationship.

Miao folk literature has various forms, rich contents and strong national characteristics. The ancient songs and sayings of Miao nationality are the main carriers of Miao mythology and oral history, also known as Miao epic. It mainly includes the creation of the world, the casting of the sun and the moon, the shooting of the sun and the moon, the origin of mankind, the devastating flood, the marriage of brothers and sisters, and the migration of war. The "Miao ancient songs" circulating in southeastern Guizhou are as long as 8,000 lines. Baba Guma in Xiangxi is 5000 lines long. These ancient Miao songs and sayings all have tunes that can be recited, and some places only recite them. It is usually sung by wizards or elders or special singers at festivals, weddings, funerals, sacrificial ceremonies and other gatherings. There are also some local Miao myths handed down in the form of prose literature, and their contents are basically the same as those of ancient songs. The myth of man and god is still circulating among Miao people in western China. Ancient words, including Yi Lang's words, Li's words and Wu's words, generally have no tunes, and they rhyme and recite harmoniously. The language organization is very clever, and there are many antithetical sentences, which are catchy to recite.

There are also many narrative poems circulating among Miao people. Such as Yang Asha, Xiuyou, Zhige, Hamai, etc. These narrative poems are also circulated in the form of prose literature, and their nature includes legends and folk stories.

Miao folk songs can be divided into three categories according to their contents: tourist songs (love songs), drinking songs, bitter songs, anti-songs, funeral songs, labor songs, current political songs, children's songs, riddle songs and so on, with different tunes. Gefei is a special folk song singing form popular in Qiandongnan Prefecture. Usually in the mountains. Its tune is loud and unrestrained, and the lingering sound is very distinctive. Its contents include love songs, current political songs and so on. Its singing forms include solo, duet and chorus. Various forms of folk songs include traditional lyrics and improvisation.

Gabaifu song is a kind of rap literature popular in southeastern Guizhou. It combines folk poems and legends. Singers sometimes narrate and sometimes sing, and their contents mostly reflect real people and stories in civil disputes and social phenomena.

Miao folklore and stories are also rich in content. Its theme involves heroes, witty characters, ordinary characters, the origin of local conditions and customs, and so on. For example, the legend, the story of Xiang Chongzhou, the story of anti-Jiangshan, the story of Yang Asha, the origin of Leigong Mountain, the origin of drum festival, and the origin of Miao people eating cattle. There are many works in folk stories that reflect young people's love life and expose social ugliness, such as Hamai, The Woodman and the Dragon Girl, Xiangneng and so on.

Miao folk music mainly includes folk songs, Lusheng songs and suona songs. Miao traditional musical instruments are divided into percussion instruments and orchestral instruments. Lusheng and drum are traditional musical instruments widely used in Miao areas. After the Qing Dynasty, the Miao people in the eastern region have gradually stopped using Lusheng. Lusheng is of national symbolic significance in Miao culture. Drum can be divided into cowhide drum, bronze drum and wooden drum. The eastern Miao people mostly use cowhide drums, the central Miao people mostly use bronze drums and wooden drums, the western Miao people mostly use bronze drums, and some Miao areas in the west no longer use drums. Many Miao areas still use suona in weddings, funerals and weddings, and the ancient piano is popular in Danzhai area, made of paulownia wood. Young Miao men and women like to express their feelings with wooden leaves and oral strings.

Miao dance mainly includes Xiangxi Flower Drum Dance and similar one, two or more people's drum dances. There is a kind of wooden drum dance (group dance) in southeastern Guizhou. In Qiandongnan, dances with collective participation such as Lusheng Dance, Bronze Drum Dance and Step Drum Dance are also very popular. Lusheng dance of Miao nationality in western China is acrobatic and difficult, and it is mainly performed by one or more people. In addition, there are bench dance, ancient gourd ladle dance and swing dance in some areas.

Miao folk crafts include batik, embroidery, flower picking, silver jewelry making and so on. They are all exquisite and enjoy a high reputation at home and abroad. These crafts are found in Miao people all over the country, but each has its own advantages and characteristics. For example, the silver ornaments of the Miao nationality in the middle are the most prominent, and the flowers of the Miao nationality in the west are more exquisite. In addition, paper-cutting, weaving and root carving are also outstanding in some fields. Mayang and Huangping Miao people are also good at folk arts and crafts painting.

Since the 20th century, Miao writers' literature and modern art have also developed by leaps and bounds, and many writers, singers, composers, performers and artists have emerged. At present, there are nearly 30 members of Chinese Writers Association, about 14 members of China Artists Association and more than 20 members of China Musicians Association. Shen Congwen is an outstanding Miao writer and a world-renowned writer. Song Zu Ying is a famous Miao singer in China.

After young men and women had a private date through folk songs, both men and women went home to tell their parents and close friends, but kept their mouths shut about others. Because, without the evidence of folk songs, if the situation changes, the girl will not go to the appointment to get married, and the young man will be looked down upon. Therefore, until the wedding day, the young man still seemed as if nothing had happened. When the moon came out, the groom and some friends dressed up, took a firewood knife and slipped out of the hut to meet the bride at the appointed place.

The bride went to the appointment accompanied by the maid of honor. The groom's friend chopped wood with a wooden knife and lit a bonfire. The best man and bridesmaid sang and danced, wishing the couple a happy wedding. The bonfire party was over, and the bride and groom returned to the men's village surrounded by everyone. When the bride enters the door, the man's house sets off firecrackers. The whole village didn't know the good news of young people getting married. The whole village flocked to the man's house, drinking, singing and dancing, and stayed up all night.

General situation of economy

The county's GDP 146 1 10,000 yuan, the proportion of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in the county reached 38:30:32, and the total industrial and agricultural output value 1068 1.3 million yuan, of which 546.57 million yuan, 521.

The per capita net income of farmers is 1.782 yuan, the total retail sales of social consumer goods is 389.07 million yuan, the investment in fixed assets of the whole society is 386 1.3 million yuan, the fiscal revenue is 1.87 million yuan (including county-level fiscal revenue of 7 1.7 million yuan), and the fiscal expenditure is 2747/kloc.

The total social deposit balance is 9.541.8 million yuan (including urban and rural deposits of 666.65 million yuan), and the loan balance is 1.4 1.898 million yuan. The average annual salary of employees in the county is 9559 yuan.

The total output value of township enterprises is 65.92110,000 yuan, the sales income of industrial products above designated size is 530.04 million yuan, and the total profit and tax is 88.82 million yuan.

administrative division

Gulin County is located in the southern edge of Sichuan Province, and Chishui River flows into the Yangtze River from south to east and north along the border. The county extends into northern Guizhou in a peninsula shape, bordering xuyong county in the west and Bijie, Jinsha, Renhuai, Xishui and Chishui in Guizhou on three sides.

Gulin county

5 10525

646500

Fu Qian Street County People's Government of Gu Lin Town

In 2004, Gulin County governed 65,438+02 towns (Gu Lin, Taiping, Erlang, Deyue, Shuangsha, Dangui, Yongle, Longshan, Dacun, Shibao, Guanwen and Shuikou) and 65,438+03 townships (Jinxing, Yutian, Horseshoe, Jianxin, Tucheng).

From June 5438 to February 2020, the Sichuan Provincial Office of Spiritual Civilization Construction published the list of the fifth civilized cities in Sichuan Province, and Gulin County was on the list.

In June 2020, Gulin County was included in the second batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization counties (Long March District (Red Army)).

20 18, 10 In June, Gulin County was selected as one of the top 100 counties and cities in western China in 20 18, ranking 92nd.

In September of 20 18, the list of comprehensive demonstration counties of rural e-commerce in 20 18 was released, and Gulin county was on the list.