Which clause can guide?

The usage of which in attributive clauses

Relative pronouns, generally referring to objects, are used as subjects, objects or attributes in attributive clauses, which can guide both restrictive and non-restrictive attributive clauses. The following is a summary:

1.

Shops should be stocked with the best-selling goods.

Shops should stock up on best-selling goods.

This is a family that is going to move to a party.

This is a family moving into the city.

2. Guide non-restrictive attributive clauses.

(1) is used to refer to a sentence.

The internet is so interesting that everything is possible.

The internet is so interesting that anything can happen.

(2) Used to refer to a part of a sentence.

He is often lost in thought, and then he will forget everything around him.

He is often lost in thought, and then he will forget everything around him.

(3) If you want to guide two non-restrictive attributive clauses, add and before the second which.

He bought a book written by Lu Xun and decided to give it to his friend.

He bought a book written by Lu Xun, and he decided to give it to his friend.

3. The noun +of+which is usually placed after the antecedent.

I want a room with a window facing the sea. I'd like a room with a window facing the sea. I'd like a room with a window facing the sea.

I want a room with a window facing the sea.

4. Substitution of preposition +which.

(1) as adverbial of time instead of when.

There was a time when the people of China were fighting for freedom.

There was a time when the people of China fought for freedom.

(2) instead of where as an adverbial of place.

This is the office where I used to work.

This is the office where I used to work.

(3) as an adverbial of reason rather than why.

I want you to explain why you are absent.

I want you to explain your absence.

(4) Substitution or omission of adverbial of manner.

We can solve this problem in many ways.

There are many ways to solve this problem.

5. Where, when and where to choose relative words.

When relative adverbs when and where are used to guide attributive clauses, they often modify nouns indicating places or times in sentences. But sometimes when or where can't be used after nouns indicating time or place, but which or that should be used.

Is this a factory that produces all kinds of washing machines? Which/that is the subject of the attributive clause, which refers to the factory in front. Is this the factory that produces all kinds of washing machines?

I often think of the days we spent together at the seaside. (which/that is used as an object in the attributive clause to refer to the day, which can be omitted at this time. I often think of the days we spent together at the beach.

The river where I used to swim is now seriously polluted.

The river where I used to swim has been seriously polluted now.

I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.

I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.

Summary: After nouns indicating time or place, the choice of relative words depends on their function in clauses, that is, what components they serve in clauses. If you are an adverbial of time or place in an attributive clause, you should use when or where. If you are the subject or object in an attributive clause, you should use which/that.

6. Guide the choice of relative pronouns which and as in non-restrictive attributive clauses.

The relative pronouns as and which can use the whole sentence as the antecedent to refer to one thing mentioned above or below.

He said that he had been working in the office for an hour, which was true.

He said that he had been working in the office for an hour, which was true.

Summary:

(1) which refers to the matter mentioned in the previous main clause, often translated as "this matter, this point" and so on; Because it means "like, like, from, consistent".

He was elected mayor, which made us very happy.

He was elected as the mayor of this city, which made us very happy.

As we expected, he didn't appear at the party.

As we expected, he didn't appear at the party.

(2) Syntactically, it is generally used as the subject of notional verbs, and there is often a parallel causal relationship between this clause and the main clause it leads; Syntactically, as is often used as the object of some notional verbs (such as see, know, report, watch, member, say, tell, show, expert, guess, etc. ).

I bought a big toy for my sister, which made her very happy.

I bought a big toy for my sister, which made her very happy.

As we all know, the moon goes around the earth once a month.

As we all know, the moon goes around the earth once a month.

The position of the non-restrictive attributive clause guided by which is relatively fixed, generally at the end of the sentence and cannot be moved to the beginning of the sentence; However, the position of non-restrictive attributive clauses guided by as is flexible, which can be located at the end, the beginning or the middle of a sentence.

As we know, Taiwan Province is a beautiful island.

As we all know, Taiwan Province Province is a beautiful island.

He realized that I was very useful to him.

He realized that I was very useful to him.

As we expected, Mary passed the exam.

As we expected, Mary passed the exam.

(4) When the clause predicate verb is negative or the clause predicate verb is connected with the compound object structure, as is generally not used.

He pretended not to know me. I don't understand.

He pretended not to know me. I really don't understand why.

I find it strange that he envies everyone in the class.

I find it strange that he is jealous of every student in the class.

(5) When the be verb in the non-restrictive attributive clause cannot be omitted, use which (otherwise use as).

Jane told me that she won the game, which was a lie.

Jane told me that she won the competition, which was a lie. (was cannot be omitted)

According to the plan, we will meet at the airport.

According to the plan, we will meet at the airport. (was can be omitted)

How many kinds of integrated circuits are there?