Slogan of air conditioning training room

Construction of training room for HVAC engineering technology specialty in higher vocational colleges

The training base in higher vocational colleges is the core condition for cultivating professional practical ability, and the training room is an important base for organizing practical teaching, strengthening skills training and realizing the goal of talent training. It is necessary to establish a training room that conforms to the project-based teaching based on "working process", which can ensure that students have a real working environment during their study at school and provide guarantee for cultivating their technical application ability. The training room should have high-tech connotation, realistic training environment, complete equipment configuration, supporting training materials and scientific organization and management.

Keywords: higher vocational education; Competitiveness; Ability; quality

Due to the late start of higher vocational education in China, its talent training mode is basically a general education mode with discipline as the core, which emphasizes that the students trained have a solid theoretical foundation and certain research and design ability, and the education system and mode for cultivating professional talents have not yet been fully formed. The corresponding laboratories can't meet the requirements of training professionals. The existing laboratories in higher vocational colleges are basically the original laboratories of undergraduate and technical secondary schools. The laboratories in undergraduate colleges mainly focus on theoretical research and verification, while those in technical secondary schools mainly focus on teaching demonstrations, all of which lack the function of cultivating students' hands-on operation ability, analysis and problem-solving ability. How to do a good job in the laboratory construction of higher vocational colleges, so that it can better serve teaching and meet the requirements of cultivating high-quality professionals is an urgent problem to be solved.

The specialty of "Heating, Ventilation and Sanitary Engineering Technology" in our college is the first batch of Sino-German cooperation in running schools, and it is a provincial key specialty. Through all-round cooperation with German experts, the "practice-oriented curriculum" system and talent training mode have been formulated. This course system breaks the traditional "three-stage" teaching mode, and combines the basic courses, professional basic courses and professional courses related to professional teaching into "vocational and technical courses". All "vocational and technical courses" are integrated according to their professional characteristics, and teaching is organized in three laboratories: heating, water supply and drainage, ventilation and air conditioning. Therefore, the construction of these three laboratories is very important for the reform of the curriculum system. Let's talk about our own views on the construction of these three laboratories.

1 aim at serving classroom teaching.

Most of the original classroom teaching is carried out in the classroom, and there are relatively few teaching demonstration experiments and verification experiments in the laboratory. Even if the laboratory with advanced equipment is built, the utilization rate of classroom teaching is extremely low, resulting in a lot of waste of resources. Due to the different talent training modes, the laboratory construction in engineering higher vocational colleges is very different from that in the same type of undergraduate colleges. It does not need too many teaching demonstration experiments and verification experiments, and its focus should be on serving classroom teaching.

By studying the talent training mode of higher vocational colleges and drawing lessons from the successful experience of Germany, a teaching laboratory construction scheme is formulated, which can not only adapt to the "practice-oriented curriculum" system, but also improve the utilization rate of experimental equipment. The biggest feature of this scheme is to change classroom teaching into laboratory, that is, the laboratory is the main place for classroom teaching, which requires the laboratory to meet the requirements of classroom teaching in addition to experimental teaching. This kind of laboratory is very different from the traditional laboratory, and its function, system composition and equipment layout have changed greatly. The teaching content of Heating, Ventilation and Sanitary Engineering Technology is mainly to teach the composition and classification of heating, water supply and drainage, ventilation and air conditioning systems, thermal and hydraulic calculation, equipment selection calculation, installation and operation management. Establish three laboratories according to the three systems and organize teaching with three main lines. All professional teaching is conducted in three laboratories. The three laboratories are equipped with various types of heating systems, water supply and drainage systems and ventilation and air conditioning systems. Teachers refer to various systems to teach, ask questions and solve problems with students in the laboratory. This kind of teaching has many advantages compared with traditional subject teaching.

First, teaching is intuitive and convenient. All the equipment, pipes, accessories and instruments in the system are physically installed on site. The teacher explains its structure, working principle and installation position according to the real object, which is convenient and intuitive.

Second, the system has a strong sense of integrity. All the equipment, pipes, accessories and instruments in the system are installed in the same laboratory, so that students can see the overall structure of the system at a glance, and there is no separation between the beginning and the end in traditional subject teaching.

Thirdly, teachers and students can interact in the teaching process, which can fully mobilize students' learning enthusiasm.

We should pay attention to the cultivation of students' practical ability, analytical ability and problem-solving ability.

Engineering vocational colleges mainly cultivate applied talents, and students should have strong hands-on operation ability, problem analysis and problem solving ability, and the cultivation of these abilities is mainly completed during their study in the school. There are many ways to cultivate students' practical ability, ability to analyze and solve problems. Besides participating in social practice and graduation practice, it is the most effective way to establish a high-standard experimental training base in schools.

From the very beginning, our laboratory construction put the cultivation of students' practical ability, problem analysis and problem solving ability in the first place. From the overall design of the laboratory to the detailed treatment of a certain part of the system, the above problems are considered everywhere. For example, in the design of "heating laboratory", we first consider integrating the heating source, pumping station, thermal distribution station and thermal user group into a complete and practical heating system, equipped with various pipeline accessories, thermal detection and control instruments, experimental instruments and so on. The system can run when the boiler is ignited and the water pump is started. In the past, these laboratories (stations) were independent and did not form a whole. Students can cultivate hands-on operation ability through boiler ignition, water pump start-up, boiler flue gas measurement, thermal and hydraulic parameter detection, maintenance management and other links. Because the system is a practical whole, and all equipment, accessories and instruments are interrelated, students' ability to analyze and solve problems can be cultivated through system operation, parameter adjustment and human fault setting. This is absolutely impossible in the past classrooms and scattered laboratories.

3. Should be closely combined with the actual production.

Our goal of training students is to go to work after graduation, that is, to get employment after graduation, which means that students can be competent for their own work after graduation. For the major of "Heating, Ventilation and Sanitary Engineering Technology", graduates should be able to independently complete the general installation, construction management and operation management of HVAC systems. In order to achieve this goal, the laboratory should be closely combined with production practice. The system installed in our laboratory should be universal in production practice, and the equipment selected should be universal in production practice. As far as possible, new technologies, new materials and new equipment should be adopted, which means that the system, equipment and materials in the laboratory are better than those used in production practice. This requires teachers to take an active part in academic activities of their major in addition to normal teaching, keep abreast of new technologies and new processes of their major, and better serve teaching.

4. Strengthen the cooperation between factories and schools to ensure the timely updating of equipment.

After the completion of the laboratory, after a period of use, with the progress of technology, its system and equipment will fall behind. How to update backward technology and equipment is a problem that every laboratory has to face. Different from other majors, HVAC engineering uses many kinds of equipment and updates quickly. In order to make our laboratory better serve teaching and production, it is required that its system, equipment and materials be constantly updated according to the engineering practice, which is not a small expense for the school. Our approach is to make use of our technical advantages and the equipment resources of manufacturers, actively carry out factory-school cooperation, mutual benefit, and update experimental equipment in time. For example, a manufacturer has produced a new type of equipment that can be installed in our laboratory for free. Based on our laboratory, manufacturers can promote products, organize users to visit and train users to install and operate. We can also conduct performance tests and product identification for them free of charge. Through this way of cooperation, both we and the manufacturers have benefited and truly achieved mutual benefit. At present, we have reached such agreements with many manufacturers.

Practice teaching is an important link to meet teaching requirements, achieve training objectives, ensure teaching quality and improve teaching efficiency. It is necessary to scientifically and reasonably establish the corresponding professional experimental training room and its supporting management mechanism. It is the expectation of all leaders and teachers in higher vocational colleges to build professional experimental training rooms, improve students' comprehensive skills and increase employment rate, and it is also the need for enterprises and society to participate in market competition, which requires builders to pay a lot of hard work and sweat.